School and Family Connections:

No abstract available for this article.     

Discrimination between the complementary log-log and logistic model for ordinal data

An assessment is made of the number of observations on ordinal data necessary for reasonable power in a significance test of the null hypothesis of a logit model versus an alternative of a complementary log-log and vice versa. The conclusion is that quite modest numbers of observations, e.g. 50-100, are adequate provided that the boundaries of the ordinal scale are suitably defined.     

The Influence of Race/Ethnicity and Gender on Psychological and Social Well-Being

Abstract

Psychological and social well-being was investigated, using a sample of non-disadvantaged African American men and women, and White men and women. Three standardized scales, the Generalized Contentment Scale, the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, and the Cohesion subscale of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale were used to measure well-being. The data were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA, and regression statistical procedures.

An association between race, gender and well-being was supported. More importantly, race was found to be the most important single variable in predicting levels of well-being. These results may support the continuing significance of race in the lives of African American individuals and families.     

Social Networks of Old People in India

Summary

This article presents a comparative analysis of the available research on the social networks of older persons in India. Most of this research has been done in North Indian cities. The research foci of the available studies include network size, core networks and beyond, life course changes in networks, impacts of residency in old-age homes, gender differences, and joint and nuclear family residence. This research is discussed in terms of its policy implications. Because the research demonstrates that social networks are important for the welfare of older Indians, one can conclude that social policy that encourages the maintenance of robust networks throughout the life course may be worth pursuing. One aspect of policy is discussed. The analysis of the relationship between social network and gender suggests that current policies that can be seen as supporting gender inequality in terms of property may have a negative impact on the networks of older women.     

Parental Work Schedules and Children's Cognitive Trajectories

Previous work has shown an association between mothers' nonstandard work schedules and children's well-being. We built on this research by examining the relationship between parental shift work and children's reading and math trajectories from age 5/6 to 13/14. Using data (N=7,105) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and growth curve modeling, we found that children's math and reading trajectories were related to parents' type of nonstandard shifts (i.e., evening, night, or variable). We found that having a mother who worked more years at a night shift was associated with lower reading scores, having a mother work more years at evening or night shifts was associated with reduced math trajectories, and having a father work more years at an evening shift was associated with reduced math scores. Mediation tests suggest that eating meals together, parental knowledge about children's whereabouts, and certain after-school activities might help explain these results.     

贫困女大学生的心理与行为实证研究

对福州8所本科院校部分大学生的实证研究,了解和把握高校贫困女大学生的心理特点与行为方式。从而揭示出:贫困固然给贫困女生在心理和行为上带来一定的影响,但她们总体上是积极的、健康的;而性别的差异及性别文化的影响则使贫困女生的心理与行为表现出一定的特殊性。     

英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异

由于民族风俗、地理环境、思维方式、宗教信仰、民族心理等文化背景的差异,英、汉两个民族对各种颜色词在视觉上和心理上所产生的联想、象征的意义、蕴含的寓意不尽相同,同中有异,异中有同,了解并掌握这些颜色词的语义及其引申意义差异性,对促进中西文化交流和翻译实践有一定的现实指导意义。     

中国城镇居民10年消费结构变化实证研究

通过运用扩展线性支出系统模型(ELES)对城镇居民边际消费倾向和需求收入弹性进行实证研究，得出我国城镇居民满足吃、穿为主的生存型消费需求阶段已经结束，逐步向以发展型和享受型阶段过渡．同时预测恩格尔系数会继续下降，高层次消费项目将成为新的消费增长点．最后针对我国城镇居民消费结构变化提出政策性建议．     

论唐五代逃田产权制度变迁

唐朝、五代一直存在严重的逃户问题,由此带来大量的逃田产权有待政府处理。唐五代逃田产权制度变迁的特点是:由于预期的激励机制收效不大,法令对逃户的土地所有权的保护趋于削弱;出于保障国家财政的收益权考虑,法令逐渐加强对经营逃田者的使用权和收益权的保护;地方政府负有检校与招佃逃田、收租抵税、代管逃户部分收益等产权管理职责;民间一直存在逃户的亲邻私自处理逃田产权的非法行为,这是与地方官员的赋税"摊逃"互为因果的经济习俗。     

农户在风险和不确定环境中决策的定量分析

在市场竞争日益激烈的今天,农户们几乎每天都面临结果不确定的情况。本文用定量的方法分析了农户主对付风险和不确定性环境的态度和目标,作出了一个包括收益变动率的边际分析模型,提出了农户对付风险和不确定性的一些对策。