动物解放论与以往动物保护主义之比较

动物保护伦理是环境伦理学中非人类中心主义流派里的一个重要分支.彼得·辛格的动物解放论是关于动物伦理的现代讨论中最有影响的理论之一.与以往以人类为中心的动物保护主义不同,动物解放主义的基本原则在于功利主义伦理学的平等原则和功利原则,它主张从"动物的解放是人类解放事业的继续"出发,把道德关怀的对象直接扩展到动物身上,从而让动物拥有道德地位,以此从外部、强制性地限制人对动物的伤害行为.     

人类解放的终极关怀：论马克思解放论的本体论追求

解放论是马克思主义哲学中的“元问题”，其根本在于实现每个人的自由而全面发展。传统本体论表征着人类摆脱自身的无根化、追寻存在根基的终极关怀，它构成了理解解放论的终极追求的思想前提。马克思关于人类解放的思想与其本体论的演化逻辑是一致的，是在马克思劳动本体论思想的形成过程中逐步展现的。正确地认识资本逻辑运动的辩证规律，才能真正抓住马克思解放论的革命性之所在，从作为人的现实实践活动的生产劳动出发，不断超越现实的资本与劳动之间生产关系，去构建新的通往未来的共产主义的终极道路。     

Inference on cointegrating ranks using lr and lm tests based on pseudo-likelihoods

This paper considers Lagrange Multiplier (LM) and Likelihood Ratio (LR) tests for determining the cointegrating rank of a vector autoregressive system. n order to deal with outliers and possible fat-tailedness of the error process, non-Gaussian likelihoods are used to carry out the estimation. The limiting distributions of the tests based on these non-Gaussian pseudo-)likelihoods are derived. These distributions depend on nuisance parameters. An operational procedure is proposed to perform inference. It appears that the tests based on non-Gaussian pseudo-likelihoods are much more powerful than their Gaussian counterparts if the errors are fat-tailed. Moreover, the operational LM-type test has a better overall performance than the LR-type test. Copyright O 1998 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.     

生命历程与大学开女禁--以邓春兰上书事件为中心

妇女解放的首要条件之一是平等地获得受教育权,在男女平等的宏大叙事话语下,男女同等地接受高等教育是必然之举。大学开女禁是近代妇女解放的标志性事件和符号之一,而邓春兰上书则是推动大学开女禁得以成功的关键性举措。在生命历程理论视角下,邓春兰上书事件的历史社会学考察表明,妇女解放实质上是多元互动型构的结果,个体转型与社会变迁转型是同步的,它们通过主体嵌入、结构型塑、历史网络型构和关键的生命事件等交互作用显现出来。     

马克思主义妇女观探析

马克思主义妇女观就是马克思、恩格斯运用历史唯物主义和辨证唯物主义的原理,通过对人类历史发展进程中两性关系特别是女性地位演变的考察和分析,揭示出社会生产力的发展导致私有制的产生是妇女受压迫地位形成的根源,并最终预示只有消灭了私有制才能使妇女获得解放。马克思主义妇女观为全世界各国妇女争取自身的解放奠定了坚实的理论基础,又为全世界各国妇女的未来指明了方向。     

重建劳动与自由——安德烈·高兹对资本主义劳动意识形态的批判

高兹站在生态马克思主义的立场,批判资本主义经济理性在资本主义生产过程中将劳动合理化为仅仅是使用价值的制作,而非工人的自主活动.经济理性的逻辑是当代资本主义戕害自由时间和个人自主性活动的根本原因,而社会主义意义上的自由必然是基于劳动解放和时间解放的真正自由.如何把握晚期资本主义条件下劳动与时间的总体性关系?从这个切入点上高兹建立起了他的“重建真正的社会”的政治经济学基础.     

The University in Botswana and the liberation struggle in southern Africa (1973–1980)

This article documents key aspects of the role played by University students in Botswana in the liberation struggle, from the early years of the University in the mid‐1960s to the year of Zimbabwe’s independence in 1980. Three demonstrations by University students are analysed, and the article concludes that, contrary to the received literature, the University contributed to the liberation struggle in a meaningful way. Although students at the University continued to play a part in the liberation struggle after 1980, this period is not discussed as the liberation struggle became just one of the key agenda items in a broadened political programme that focussed on local concerns of the students such as fees, allowances, institutional governance and democratisation.     

论《失去的金铃子》中聂华苓对女性解放主题的追问与反思

自"五四"时期到当下社会,女性解放的主题在许多作家笔下都有不同层面的展现。在《失去的金铃子》中,聂华苓用隽永而深切的笔触描绘了故乡三斗坪的风土人情,也用细腻而婉转的调子奏响了女性的生命之歌。聂华苓深邃的思想并未停留在呼唤女性解放的表层,而是探入人性、世事深处,挖掘出女性解放遇到的种种人性问题与人生困惑,寄予了作者深深的忧思与无限期望。     

Body Composition and Physical Self-Concept in Older Women

ABSTRACT

We sought to determine the performance and anthropometric correlates of physical self-concept and self-esteem and to observe whether long-term resistance training would alter these variables in postmenopausal women. Forty-four nonsmoking, community-dwelling, Caucasian women aged 50–75 years participated in the study. Half of the subjects participated in a 9-month regimen of weight-bearing exercises performed 3 times per week which emphasized lower body muscle strength and power development. At baseline, total body fat was negatively associated with physical self-concept and perception of physical appearance but not with self-esteem. Perception of physical appearance improved in both exercisers and controls after the 9-month trial but was most noticeable in exercisers who had low self-esteem at baseline. The only predictor of improvement in perception of physical appearance was a decrease in lower body fat mass. Minimal or nonsignificant change in psychological measures associated with the training may be due to high initial values.     

Sexual Messages in Black and White: A discourse analysis of Essence and Cosmo

The research presented employed critical discourse analysis to examine advice columns on sex and women's sexual freedom as expressed in two popular women's magazines, Essence and Cosmopolitan, over a three-year period. Essence has a Black female audience, Cosmo a predominantly White female audience. Critical discourse analysis is concerned with language as a primary force for the production and reproduction of ideology and belief systems that come to be accepted as common sense. The study asked whether and to what extent sex talk in these two magazines mirrored tenets of sexual liberation as set forth by “second-wave feminism.” Findings showed that while both magazines reinforced women's right to sexual pleasure and to ask for what they wanted, Essence came closest to mirroring the tenets of women's liberation by advocating women's right to say no to men's bad behavior and to be their own persons. By contrast, Cosmo advised women to be innovative in exciting and keeping their men and to be more flexible in managing men's less than desirable behavior.