The Characteristics of Child Sexual Abuse in the School Environment in Turkey

School may represent a protective factor, boosting the mental health of the student body, while also representing a risk factor that heightens the potential for mental health problems. The present study aims to identify the individual and familial characteristics associated with the incidents of child sexual abuse (CSA) in Turkey’s school environment. The incidents involving school-related CSA constituted 5.6% (N = 125) of 2,238 cases. The following was discovered: an adult committed the majority (64%) of CSA in the school environment; most adult perpetrators were teachers (62.5%). This study determined that the perpetrators manipulated the victims via methods that included physical abuse (11.2%), threats (19.2%), tricks/deception (15.2%), and taking photographs/videos with sexual content (3.2%); and CSA incidents involved intercourse (15.2%); and almost three-quarter of the victims of CSA in the school environment reported the incident late. This study indicates that peer perpetrators abuse younger victims and a greater proportion of male victims relative to adult perpetrators. In light of these findings, school security must be improved, especially in public schools, and trainings aimed at preventing bullying and sexual abuse (SA) should be given to all school staff, students, and parents.     

Ties,sites and irregularities: pitfalls and benefits in using respondent-driven sampling for surveying a homeless population

Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a survey method for hidden populations and, as such, it offers a suitable approach for sampling the homeless. Surprisingly, the practical use of RDS in surveying homeless populations has only sporadically been described in the professional literature so far, and the specifics of using RDS for sampling this group have not been reflected in depth. The goal of the article is to investigate how three specific concerns, namely the transitional character of social ties among the homeless, problems with locating the interview site, and the irregular use of coupons, affect the sampling process. The findings of the article are based on experience using RDS for creating two independent samples of homeless persons in two Czech cities. Worries of poor referral effectiveness were disproved, but poor validity of the network size indicator, tendency towards irregular use of coupons, and negative effects arising from selecting service centres for the homeless as survey sites were confirmed.     

对“饕餮食人”为美说的质疑

中国的青铜器中有饕餮食人造型的酒器--卣.美学家认为"饕餮食人"表现了"由野蛮进入文明时代所必经的血与火的超人的历史力量",因而体现为一种狞厉的美.笔者认为,"饕餮食人"的造型并没有体现"超人的历史力量",也不表现美,而是周朝统治者为了告诫人们和子孙不要重蹈缙云氏不才之子(饕餮)和夏、商统治者因贪食而自取灭亡的覆辙而制造的.由于饕餮的面目是狰狞恐怖的,本性是贪婪的,所以它的形象是丑陋的.     

“做人教育”刍议

"做人教育"的兴起是通过对历史和现实的反思,对教育本质和功能重新定位所作出的理性选择."做人教育"应诠释为"成为完整的人的教育",当前应侧重于教学生做独立之人、文明之人、健康之人、可持续发展之人."做人教育"应遵循"教"与"不教"之道.     

间性理论的原生态--从孟子的"以意逆志"说起

孟子提出说诗者面对诗作要"以意逆志",也就是解诗者要以意去迎取诗人之志。但孟子却没有明确论定说诗者所用之意,是说诗者之意,还是诗作者之意,这就留下了文本的未定点,引发了千古不绝的争论。本文以诗的文本作为不同主体间的经验世界的对象,认为对文本底蕴的把握,既要以诗人之意去迎取诗人之志,也要以解诗人之意去迎取诗人之志,并在作为对象存在的诗—世—志的多重文本间,达到对于文学文本的体验与认知。此中既有主体间性,又有文本间性。可见,"以意逆志"说中正含有间性理论的原生态的丰富存在。     

培良好道德品质是大学生成才应具备的社会文化素质

实施素质教育,尤其是对大学生进行道德教育,是促进大学生成才的关键,也是高等教育的目标之一。     

Homeless Affiliation, Location, and Sender Address in Return of Lost Letters

A field study used 1008 lost letters to test the hypotheses that the differences in returned responses would be attributable to the addressee (i.e., ending homelessness-control or preventing it among youth, veterans, and lesbians) and especially to a socially deviant addressee, that cultural differences between distribution locations might influence returned responses of lost letters, and that sender address (i.e., urban, rural, control) would also influence returned responses. Both addressees' affiliations and distribution location were associated with returned responses, with the lowest rates being for the Prevent Lesbian Homelessness Program affiliate overall and for the city of Pensacola, respectively. Antigay prejudice toward a deviant group may still be strong even when a helping act can be performed without intimate contact involving members of deviant group. Neither distribution location nor the sender or return address conditions were associated with different returned responses. Further testing of the lost letter technique, as a measure of public response, may be warranted.     

素质教育人力资源开发观--兼谈现代人力资源开发与传统人力资源开发

从人力资源开发的角度,重新审视素质教育问题,并与以前就教育而教育的研究相比,我们认为素质教育并不是与应试教育相对立的一种教育.我国目前的学校教育既担负着发展教育的功能又担负着选拔人才的功能,这是由我国现阶段的经济发展水平与市场经济的要求所决定的.中小学教育是人力资源开发的基础工程,职业教育与高等教育是人力资源开发的导向开发工程;要尽快建立人才测评的科学机制,实行教培用酬一体化的人力资源开发与管理体制,把学校教育纳入到人力资源开发的轨道中来,使学校教育服务于经济、服务于社会、服务于人的发展等功能得以真正实现.     

试论高等教育人才培养体系的构建

本文从人格教育和培养,知识结构和科学文化素养,科学精神和人文精神培养,能力结构和创新能力,思维方式和科学方法,心理健康素质等六个方面,论述了构建高等教育人才培养的体系。