Stability and change in living arrangements in Indonesia,Singapore, and Taiwan, 1993-99

We use longitudinal data from Indonesia, Singapore, and Taiwan to examine stability and change in the co-residence of older adults and their children. Longitudinal data support the analysis of transitions in living arrangements. We focus on how life-cycle characteristics of older adults and their children are related to co-residence at a point in time, to maintaining co-residence over time, and to transitions into and out of co-residence. We find that many of the characteristics found to be associated with co-residence at baseline interviews exhibit an even stronger association with continued co-residence over time. While some of the results support the interpretation that co-residence provides support for parents as they age, the needs of children also play an important role in the decision to co-reside.     

筑牢培育当代中国公民意识的现实基础

培育当代中国公民意识的现实基础,包括经济、政治、文化、社会、环境等几个方面。筑牢培育当代中国公民意识的现实基础,应主要从发展社会主义市场经济、发展社会主义民主政治、发展社会主义先进文化、发展社会主义和谐社会、发展社会主义法治环境等几个方面进行分析、探讨,并对如何筑牢培育当代中国公民意识的现实基础进行思考。     

日语学习的母语影响与中日文化差异－－以[すみません] 、[ぃぃです]为例

本文以[すみません]、[ぃぃです]为例，提出中国人学习日语的一些难点，分析造成理解困难的原因，提出解决问题的方法，并以此“窥一斑而知全豹”，从中洞察中日文化差异。     

杜鲁门政府时期美国的菲律宾政策

二战结束以后,美国便着手重新返回菲律宾。与之同时,菲律宾亦有自己的政治诉求。冷战开始后,美国将菲律宾纳入冷战轨道,既有NSCS4／2号文件这样的纲领性文件,又有具体的推行计划,使菲律宾成为美国在东南亚地区实施遏制战略的前沿阵地。     

Using the Assessment Framework to measure parental mood: an investigation of the reliability of the Adult Well‐Being Scale

The adoption of evidence‐based practice in social work has been widely promoted in recent years and with this, a growing emphasis on the evaluation of practice using well‐validated and reliable measurement processes. The Department of Health's ‘Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families’ in the UK includes quantitative measures that form part of a systematic assessment of the needs of children and their families that includes assessment of parenting capacity and parental emotional state. The measure selected to assess parental mood was originally known as the Irritability, Depression and Anxiety Scale, and has been renamed within the Assessment Framework as the Adult Well‐Being Scale. This instrument is designed to assess depression, anxiety, and inward and outward irritability. However, there has been relatively little contemporary evaluation of the reliability and validity of the measure, and the extent to which it measures the four constructs it is designed to assess. This research therefore conducted extensive analyses of the reliability, validity and underlying factor structure of the Adult Well‐Being Scale. The four subscales did not demonstrate sound psychometric properties. At best a total score may be used as an indicator of ‘overall psychological distress’.     

(In)Sufficient?: ethnicity and foster care in English local authorities

This paper examines the place of ethnicity in local authority foster care in the context of the sufficiency duty to secure adequate local placements for looked after children. The analysis draws on two main sources, namely Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills (OFSTED's) annual survey of fostering agencies and inspection reports for around half the local authority fostering services in England. Sufficiency is gauged in two main ways, comparing numbers of black and minority ethnic (BME) foster carers first with numbers of BME looked after children and second, with local adult (age 25–64) populations. Statistical analysis shows very wide variation on both measures and a significant minority of authorities that perform poorly in terms of the ethnic diversity of their foster carers. Inspection reports also vary widely in the degree and nature of attention given to issues of ethnicity with many offering limited (and sometimes no) challenge to poor performance. These findings are discussed within the broader context of recent trends towards de‐emphasizing the significance of ethnicity in child welfare.     

Choosing intercountry adoption: an Australian study of the motivations and attitudes of intending and recent adoptive parents

Humanitarian reasons are often reported as the main motivating force for undertaking intercountry adoption. This article reports on a qualitative interview‐based Australian study in which 32 adoptive parents and prospective adoptive parents talk frankly about their desire to use intercountry adoption as a pathway to parenthood, rather than as an altruistic method of providing a child with a family. The study aimed to investigate motivations of intending and recent adoptive parents for deciding to form a family through intercountry adoption and to contribute to understanding about why intercountry adoption is the preferred option over available alternatives for family formation. The findings from this study raise interesting questions regarding recruitment efforts for children needing families; not only in relation to intercountry adoption, but also in developing recruitment strategies for foster carers for local children needing care.     

盖斯凯尔夫人小说中的男性与唯一神教精神

唯一神教思想是盖斯凯尔夫人思想意识中的重要一维.唯一神教潜移默化地形成了盖斯凯尔夫人的心理经验,影响着她的情感世界,也影响着她的思维习惯和表达方式.这种心理经验与意识组成了一种个人特有的心理基础,存在于她所刻画的男性形象上.盖斯凯尔夫人的理想男性形象明显具有唯一神教所倡导的理想品质,比如理性、高尚、宽容、乐观、相信科学等.她还塑造出与英国维多利亚传统文化不同的具有进步意义的人性化的完美父性.     

KEEP foster-parent training intervention: model description and effectiveness

In this paper, we describe the development and history of the Keeping Foster Parents Trained and Supported (KEEP) foster-parent training intervention. KEEP intervention represents a modified version of the Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care intervention developed by interventionists at the Oregon Social Learning Center and is designed to provide training and support for children ages 5–11 in regular foster care. We also report on the initial findings from a programme of research focused on determining the effectiveness of the intervention. Thus far, the results indicate that the intervention is effective in reducing child behaviour problems and that the effects of the intervention are mediated through changes in parenting behaviour. There is also evidence that the KEEP foster-parent training intervention increases the chances of a positive change of placement (e.g. child reunited with biological parents) and mitigates the negative risk-enhancing effect of a history of multiple placements. We conclude with a discussion of unanswered questions and directions for future research.