美日农民合作经济组织变迁的制度经济学诠释及对我国的启示

在农民合作经济组织发展过程中,不同的国情、民情会对合作组织的变迁产生怎样的影响?会导致怎样的路径选择?本文从制度经济学的视角对美、日两国农民合作经济组织变迁的差异加以分析,挖掘其变迁深层次的制度原因,以期为处于社会转型时期的我国农民合作经济组织的制度变迁和政策建设提供借鉴.     

大力发展民办教育中介组织

在政府职能逐步转变、鼓励和规范民办教育发展的新形势下，笔者依据国家相关政策、法规和国内外的实践经验，论证了发展我国民办教育中介组织的必要性、可行性，构建了民办教育中介组织体系的基本框架，并对如何大力发展民办教育中介组织，提出了设想与建议。     

Reporting Volunteer Labour at the Organizational Level: A Study of Canadian Nonprofits

Volunteer contributions in the production of services are an important resource internationally. However, few countries include volunteer contributions in their national accounts, even though many encourage their populations to engage in volunteering. At the organizational level, many nonprofit organizations using volunteers often limit their input to a footnote in annual reports acknowledging their contribution; few estimate their value in financial terms. As a result, their financial accounts lack information upon which to base decisions affecting the organizations and the communities they serve. Additional information is required to assess the impact of volunteers in individual nonprofits as well as the sector as a whole. This study focuses on Canada, one of the few countries that include volunteers in the national accounts, to examine to what extent nonprofit organizations estimate a financial value for these contributions and include this in their financial statements. This paper reports the results of an online survey of 661 nonprofits from across Canada. In order to understand why some organizations keep records for volunteer contributions and quantify them, two sets of explanatory factors are explored: organizational characteristics and the attitude of the executive director. We find larger organizations were more likely to engage in record keeping and estimating volunteer value, as were organizations with a relatively large group of volunteers and volunteer programs. The attitude of the executive director is important in determining which organizations engage in these practices.     

中国民间政策研究组织的运行机制

民间政策研究组织是公共政策决策系统不可替代的组成部分.鉴于中国民间政策研究组织数量少、市场化程度低、人才匮乏,且经费不足、组织松散,难以真正发挥公共政策研究和咨询作用,本文详细论述了中国民间政策研究组织的运行机制:筹款机制、互动机制、信息共享机制、用人机制、人员流动机制、成果推销机制以及国际合作机制,以期进一步发展和完善中国民间政策研究组织.     

对典型黑社会性质组织犯罪认定的思考

黑社会性质组织犯罪对社会正常秩序和群众生活的影响日益严重,在打击该类犯罪中,如何正确认定则成为执法的关键,从"明知"和"参加"等方面对认定该类犯罪进行探讨以期在实践中能正确适用。     

‘Why Do All the Women Disappear?’ Gendering Processes in a Political Science Department

The article provides an in‐depth analysis of the gendering processes among PhD candidates in a political science department. It uses Joan Acker's theory of gendered organizations operating through four dimensions: the gendered division of labour, gendered interaction, gendered symbols and gendered interpretations of one's position in the organization. The article combines this approach with theories of hidden discrimination. The key theoretical aim is to contribute to gendered organizational theory by examining the ways in which hidden discrimination and the gendered organization work together. This generates detailed and differentiated knowledge about the mechanisms of hidden discrimination that produce gender inequalities in the department. The findings presented in this article point to the role of gendered division of labour and the lack of information about departmental practices. PhD supervision by men is a particularly strong structural barrier for women because of the gendered nature of interaction in supervision and the difficulties that female PhD students have in a male‐dominated environment. The article further contributes to debates on gendered organizations by focusing upon the gendered symbols of expertise in political science. These symbols reproduce the man as the political scientist norm and result in women interpreting their own position as marginal or as outsiders.     

论治理模式下行政法对社会公共组织的权力规范问题

政府-市场-公民社会相互协作的治理模式，对于我国解决改革开放过程中所出现的行政机构膨胀、政企不分、政事不分以及推进社会主义民主政治建设等，都具有积极的借鉴意义。探讨了在治理模式下社会公共组织在我国的发展，并从法理和行政法功能两个角度论证了将其纳入行政法规范范围的依据，提出了几点具体的建议。     

Interest Organizations,Information, and Policy Innovation in the U.S. Congress1 2

Interest organizations are hypothesized to strongly affect public policy, but the evidence that they do so is mixed. This article argues that one reason for the disparity is a gap between theory and research: theory suggests that information provided by interest organizations should strongly influence elected officials, but there is no systematic research on its impact. We examine a potentially important source of information for members of the U.S. Congress—testimony at committee hearings—to ascertain if it affects the enactment of policy proposals. The data, based on content analysis of almost 1,000 testimonies on a stratified random sample of policy proposals, describe who testifies, their arguments, and the evidence they provide. Supporters of a proposal emphasize the importance of the problem being addressed, while opponents claim the proposed policy will be ineffective and try to reframe the debate. Information—particularly information regarding policy effectiveness—does affect the likelihood that a policy proposal will be enacted.     

试论高等教育组织塑造学术品德的逻辑

高等教育组织在塑造学术品德的过程中有其独特的逻辑,具有对之进行创造、保存、提炼、完善和传播的逻辑。在理论上,高等教育组织是一种权责分担而又共融的权责角色结构,它是塑造学术品德的逻辑承担者,具有权责分担、宏观决策、整体协调、组织管理等几个方面的逻辑使然。从逻辑归因的角度审视,高等教育组织决定学术品德的走向,在塑造学术品德的过程中应理性地内外结合,将道德熏染和组织信念结合为一体,才能不失偏颇。从逻辑途径考察,高等教育组织塑造学术品德的逻辑终点在于以人为本,情理相生,“法”“德”兼善,从而促进学术自治和学者自律,以完善组织逻辑。     

No Human Resource is an Island: Gendered,Racialized Access to Work as a Performer

This article explores the reproduction of gendered, racialized conceptions of age and appearance in structuring access to performing work. Analysis of this issue leads to discussion of a key supposition: that central work experiences of women performers are manifestations of their position as formal and informal proxies for women's experiences in wider society. Women performers are formal proxies in that they are employed to ‘be women’; to represent women for consumption in the circuit of culture. They are informal proxies in that they are allocated to highly segmented labour markets based on wider patterns of gendered, racialized social relations.