醉酒人犯罪刑事责任的立法比较与法理分析

醉酒所致精神障碍,是一个遍及世界各国的重要社会问题之一,而且有越来越严重的趋势.关于醉酒状态下犯罪的刑事责任问题,有的国家刑法没有对之做出专门规定,而是将其作为自愿(故意或过失)陷入无责任能力状态的情形之一,规定不免除或减轻行为人的刑事责任,但有些国家对此作了专门规定.     

行政补偿立法思考

行政赔偿在行政领域起到了重要作用,目前获得行政赔偿的必要条件之一是行政主体违法行使职权,从行政相对人的角度考虑,在是否违法问题上大费周章没有必要,进一步从行政赔偿法是救济法的本质出发,优先考虑行政相对人的权益,将有关行政补偿内容纳入行政赔偿法律体系框架之中。     

论不作为的行为性

不作为是危害行为的基本形式之一,但是由于不作为存在结构上与作为有较大差异,使得对其行为性历来争论不休。因果行为论、目的行为论、社会行为论、人格行为论都试图从不同的角度对不作为之行为性进行论证,但是都存在缺陷。对不作为行为性的研究应在具体的犯罪构成体系之中进行,而不应当脱离具体犯罪构成理论进行抽象的探讨。就我国犯罪构成体系而言,不作为行为性判断应经历一个从实然判断到应然判断的过程,是一个将存在论与价值论相结合的判断过程。     

An E-learning outreach program for public schools: Findings and lessons learned based on a pilot program in Makati City and Cabuyao City,Laguna, Philippines

The E-Learning Outreach Program (ELOP) is a multisectoral, collaborative, and commitment-driven action research that focuses on providing relevant and useful computer and Internet literacy short courses for public elementary students. This study presents the critical action plans of setting up a pilot e-Learning station in Hen. Pio del Pilar Elementary School in Makati City and in Pulo Elementary School in Cabuyao City, Laguna, Philippines. The school’s computer laboratory was converted to an E-Learning station with additional devices and technical support from De La Salle University (DLSU). The study aims to account for a process-based heuristic approach in laying down the different phases of the program, specifically to: (1) coordinate and orient parents, pupils, teachers and school administrators, (2) set-up an e-Learning environment (3) design and write course modules (4) assess learning skills and experience of pupils, and (5) evaluate the program based on research team’s observation and results of the focus group discussion (FGD) with teachers and student-participants. In Pulo Elementary School, a pretest and posttests were conducted with results showing that the program has improved participants’ e-Learning knowledge and skills except for advance skills in hardware utilization. The participants also showed a strong positive attitude towards the ELOP.     

“I Really Belong Here”: Civic Capacity-Building among Returning Citizens

This article focuses on unlikely movement actors whose civic engagement has been understudied: people with criminal records (“returning citizens”). We present findings from 18 months of ethnographic research with members (leaders) of Fighting to Overcome Records and Create Equality (FORCE), a civic group led by returning citizens. FORCE leaders received institutional support from Community Renewal Society (CRS), a larger faith and community-based organization, to lead a rights reform movement in Chicago. Findings suggest that FORCE leaders constructed notions of kinship, recognition, and power through civic capacity-building efforts—and that social belonging was core to such capacity-building efforts. While bonding social belonging occurred as FORCE leaders formed kinship with people facing similar social and economic marginality, bridging social belonging emerged as leaders felt recognized by CRS staff organizers, affiliates, and elected officials. Bonding and bridging social belonging enabled FORCE leaders, who faced constant social exclusion in society, to experience much needed kinship, recognition, and power. Future studies should continue to uncover how local capacity-building processes have life-changing relational effects on movement participants from socially and economically marginalized groups.     

Beliefs underlying stress reduction and depression help-seeking among college students: An elicitation study

Objective: This study illustrates how a theory-based approach can identify college students’ beliefs about stress reduction activities and help-seeking for depression. These beliefs are the basis for intervention design. Participants: A sample of 53 undergraduate students at a public university in the Midwest participated in this research during March 2016. Methods: An open-ended belief elicitation survey was administered online. Beliefs were identified through qualitative thematic analyses. Results: Exercise was students’ most preferred stress reduction activity. Beliefs about exercise emphasized physical benefits yet also not having time for exercise. Beliefs about help-seeking for depression emphasized treatment efficacy, support from others, stigma, and time constraints. Conclusions: Whereas beliefs about positive outcomes inform educational and motivational messages, beliefs about time constraints underscore the need to also consider structural factors that can help students find time to attend to their well-being.     

抽象行政行为听证程序之适用

目前我国听证制度的适用范围较狭窄 ,特别是在中国加入 WTO后 ,更进一步暴露出其狭窄的听证范围与世贸规则的不协调。因此 ,有必要将听证程序的适用扩展至抽象行政行为 ,并对其适用的原则和范围予以具体规定。文章对抽象行政行为之听证程序的立法原则及其听证范围应包含的内容作出分析与论证 ,试图通过初步的探讨提出有参考价值的建议。     

集体行动中合作何以可能——从博弈论的视角看

对集体行动合作均衡的诉求构成人类永恒的政治主题之一,视角和观点的不同,带来分析结构论证和解释的差异。本文立足于博弈论的分析框架,来理解集体行动合作的难题,寻求合作博弈的均衡结果。从博弈论发展历程的几个阶段,探讨了熟人世界和陌生人世界的合作何以可能的问题,熟人社会清晰可辨的博弈历史形成的声誉机制有利于合作产生;在陌生人世界里,从行为纯正而非动机纯正作为出发点,以生存博弈为前提,道德博弈为生存博弈提供博弈框架,共同遵守内在博弈规则,内在博弈规则的演进和三方博弈的利益兼容机制,也可能达成合作。     

基于集体行动视角的劳资议价能力探讨

立足当前存在的劳资分配关系问题,从集体行动的视角,应用奥尔森等人的集体行动理论,剖析了企业利益集团形成的机理,探讨了工人集体议价制度缺失的诱因,并考察了发达国家的相关历史情况,指出利益集团的非＂共容性＂会增加社会协调成本和交易成本而使经济发展进入僵化阶段,并引致劳动报酬比重持续走低。因此有必要从建立开放的市场准入秩序、完善要素谈判制度、构建＂共容性＂利益集团等三方面着手,提高工人报酬比重,保持经济持续增长。     

法律规范的逻辑结构新论

将法律后果界定为法律规范的逻辑构成要素,不仅与法律规则和法律部门的划分理论相矛盾,而且与立法、执法和司法实践相冲突。法律后果中应包含奖励,有肯定性法律后果和否定性后果。规范适用的条件应是法律规范的逻辑构成要素。法律后果要素本身就是一个完整的法律规范,法律规范的逻辑结构只由规范适用的条件(或称为假定)和行为模式(或称为处理)构成。