中国居民家庭脆弱性及因病致贫效应分析

为定量分析医疗支出对家庭经济水平的冲击,以贫困脆弱性指标作为家庭经济风险的代理变量,利用微观调查数据构造反事实框架估计就医行为对家庭经济境遇的冲击,验证了医疗与家庭致贫效应的因果关系和影响程度。家庭成员在过去半年内若因病住院,对家庭福利会造成损失,损失幅度因贫困标准、样本年份而不同。2012年在贫困线标准为2美元条件下,家庭经济风险概率值增加0.31。分城乡和收入高低不同组估计,农村居民以及低收入群体的福利水平受就医影响幅度大于对应的其他群体。     

国外重大突发公共卫生事件心理危机干预措施及启示

2020年初,新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情给患者、医护工作者乃至普通民众带来了严重的心理危机。我国逐渐成熟的心理危机干预系统在疫情期间取得成效,但同时也反映出心理危机干预系统建设存在欠缺。文章介绍了美国、以色列等发达国家处置突发公共卫生事件心理危机的机构设置、管理系统、治疗手段、信息沟通系统等干预措施,为加强我国突发公共卫生事件心理危机干预体系建设提供了科学依据和建议。     

重大公共卫生事件背景下的青年思想政治教育工作

新冠疫情的暴发作为一场全球性重大公共卫生事件对青年思想状况产生了较大影响。思想政治教育必须回应青年的思想关切,并给予及时的引导。基于重大公共卫生事件做好思想政治教育工作有五个基本着力点,即：以树立正确的灾难观为着力点,培养危机意识和担当精神;以倡导科学应对疫情为着力点,提高理性思辨能力和自我防护能力;以讲好中国抗疫经验为着力点,增强四个意识,坚定四个自信;以反思人与自然关系为着力点,增强自然保护意识和生态文明理念;以关注全球抗疫大局为着力点,筑牢人类命运共同体意识。     

对知识产权国际保护的反思——从公共健康角度

当前,知识产权保护的国际化,实际上就是发达国家知识产权制度的国际化.在全球不同背景下强制性地运用单一制度必然会出现不和谐的声音,全球性的公共健康危机凸显了这种冲突,引发舆论对知识产权国际保护合理性的探讨.知识产权与健康权都是社会承认的基本人权,其中任何一种在特定的背景中都有自身的价值,但并非所有的人权都是并列的.当全球有数以万计的人正在遭受公共健康威胁时,孰重孰轻的问题就不言而喻了,应当使公共健康与知识产权国际保护已经失衡的天平回归平衡.     

坚韧性人格研究进展

1979年美国心理学家Kobasa提出坚韧性人格概念,指人格中保护个体健康免受压力影响的方面。坚韧性人格的相关研究在国外非常活跃,但在国内却鲜见。对国外的相关研究进行分析 ,介绍了坚韧性人格的含义及研究进展,指出了坚韧性研究中存在的不足并对未来研究提出了自己的看法。     

大学生就业价值取向的问题与对策分析

论述了当代大学生就业价值取向存在的主要问题;当代大学生就业价值取向偏差的负面影响;引导大学生就业价值取向的主要措施。并指出高校应加强对大学生的择业指导,引导其价值取向,帮助大学生正确制定职业规划,实现顺利就业。     

港台学校社会工作体系及其对心理健康学校社会工作保障系统研究的启示

在我国大陆地区迄今缺乏心理健康学校社会工作的专门研究,但港台地区关于学校社会工作体系及其研究却包含着心理健康的部分内容,并且初步形成了各自的特色;通过对港台地区学校社会工作体系现状、趋势和特点的系统梳理与探讨,可以为大陆构建大中学生心理健康学校社会工作保障系统及其研究提供借鉴和启示.     

Assessing the Playing Field: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Internet Sports Gambling Behavior

Internet gambling is growing rapidly, as is concern about its possible effect on the public’s health. This paper reports the results of the first prospective longitudinal study of actual Internet sports gambling behavior during eight study months. Data include recorded fixed-odds bets on the outcome of sporting contests and live-action bets on the outcome of events within contests for 40,499 Internet sports gambling service subscribers who enrolled during February 2005. We tracked the following primary gambling behaviors: daily totals of the number of bets made, money bet, and money won. We transformed these variables into measures of gambling involvement. We analyzed behavior for both fixed-odds and live-action bets. The median betting behavior of the 39,719 fixed-odds bettors was to place 2.5 bets of €4 (approximately $5.3 US) every fourth day during the median 4 months from first to last bet. This typical pattern incurred a loss of 29% of the amount wagered. The median betting behavior of the 24,794 live-action bettors was to place 2.8 wagers of €4 every fourth day during the median duration of 6 weeks at a loss of 18% of the amount wagered. We also examined the behavior of empirically determined groups of heavily involved bettors whose activity exceeded that of 99% of the sample.     

Camera-Related Behaviors during Video Recorded Medical Interactions

Video recording provides an objective record of the content of medical interactions. However, there is concern that cameras may be reactive measurement devices that alter what normally transpires during interactions. This study addressed potential reactivity of cameras in medical interactions. Interactions between 45 patients and 14 medical oncologists were video recorded and coded for camera-related behaviors. Eleven of 45 patients performed none of the behaviors. Among the other patients, camera-related behaviors were infrequent and, on average, constituted about 0.1% (one-tenth of one percent) of total interaction time. Behaviors occurred most often in very early stages of interactions, and when physicians were absent from the room. Seven physicians showed camera-related behaviors, comprising less than 0.1% of the time they were in the interaction. Results suggest video recording can provide nonreactive means of studying medical interactions.

State transition modeling of complex monitored health data

This article considers the analysis of complex monitored health data, where often one or several signals are reflecting the current health status that can be represented by a finite number of states, in addition to a set of covariates. In particular, we consider a novel application of a non-parametric state intensity regression method in order to study time-dependent effects of covariates on the state transition intensities. The method can handle baseline, time varying as well as dynamic covariates. Because of the non-parametric nature, the method can handle different data types and challenges under minimal assumptions. If the signal that is reflecting the current health status is of continuous nature, we propose the application of a weighted median and a hysteresis filter as data pre-processing steps in order to facilitate robust analysis. In intensity regression, covariates can be aggregated by a suitable functional form over a time history window. We propose to study the estimated cumulative regression parameters for different choices of the time history window in order to investigate short- and long-term effects of the given covariates. The proposed framework is discussed and applied to resuscitation data of newborns collected in Tanzania.