监狱行刑目的之层次剖析

监狱行刑目的应是刑罚目的的具体体现，具体的内容包括报应目的、特殊预防目的和罪犯回归社会目的。报应目的是人类历史上刑罚产生根本原因和刑罚属性在监狱行刑中的体现；特殊预防包含着现代刑罚理念的合理元素，是对人权的尊重和人本主义的提倡；罪犯回归社会是社会和谐的根本，是整个社会的切实愿望，也是监狱行刑的终极目的。三目的相互衔接，前一目的为后一目的的手段，后一目的为前一目的之实现提供方向，形成了平衡与和谐的监狱行刑目的的统一整体。     

诗歌疗效:诗人心灵的自我救赎——以左思《咏史》八首为例

文学作品对人身心有治疗的功效,这表现在两个方面:一方面是治疗他人,即读者;另一方面,治疗作者本人。诗人作家们在人生不得志的情况下,总倾情于诗文,寄情于创作活动,将心中的所想所感抒发出来,把内心的牢骚喷发在纸笔上,以此寄托自己的情感,而在这一创作过程中,他们的心灵慢慢得到调解,不快之感缓缓得到释然,于是,最终达到了恬静淡然的心理状态,回归到静谧的心灵家园。左思和他的《咏史》八首,折射出他在创作中的心路历程,折射出古代诗人在文学创作活动中心灵的自我治疗功效。     

The Family Group Within the Nursing Home:

An ongoing monthly family group was implemented in an intermediate care facility in hopes of improving communication between staff and families of long term care residents. Other objectives of the group were to provide families with information about policies and procedures, education about the aging process, and to facilitate an informal support group network where families could share problems and concerns. The feedback and evaluation process indicated that sharing feelings of anger, quiet, frustration and other emotions helped the families deal with the responsibilities of institutionalizing a relative and helped to facilitate better communication between staff and family members.     

Gender,Widowhood, and Long-Term Care in the Older Mexican American Population

SUMMARY

The objective of this study is to examine the influences of gender on long-term care service use among older Mexican American widows and widowers. Our analysis is based on a sample of 773 widows and 183 widowers from the Longitudinal Study of Elderly Mexican American Health (H-EPESE). In this sample widows resemble widowers in terms of demographic and health characteristics. However, widows report more financial strain than widowers and a greater welfare dependency (SSI) and Medicaid use. Among those who suffered diminished health, widows were more likely than widowers to use community-based long-term care services whereas widowers were more likely to enter a nursing home. Widows also had more instrumental and socioemotional support than widowers. Serious cognitive and functional impairment, though, places widows and widowers at the same risk of institutionalization. We end with a discussion of the policy implications of these findings.     

Separate and Unequal: The Housing Act of 1968 and the Section 235 Program

In recent years scholars have identified racial disparities in wealth and home ownership as crucial factors underlying patterns of racial inequality and residential segregation in American metropolitan housing markets. While numerous federal housing policies have been identified as responsible for reinforcing residential segregation and racial inequalities in home ownership, little research has focused on the segregative effects of the Section 235 program. As one component of the 1968 Housing Act, Section 235 was designed to shift the focus of federal housing policy away from dispensing aid to local housing authorities for building public housing to providing direct supply-side subsidies to the private sector to stimulate home ownership for nonwhites and the poor. Archival and census data, government reports and housing analyses, and oral histories and interviews are used to examine the segregative effects of the Section 235 program in Kansas City, Missouri from 1969 through the early 1970s. Findings indicate that while the housing subsidy program allowed a vast majority of participating white families to purchase new housing in suburban areas, most participating African American families purchased existing homes located in racially transitional neighborhoods in the inner city. These findings corroborate recent research showing how the market-centered focus of federal housing policy has impaired the ability of African Americans to accumulate wealth through home ownership and reinforced racially segregative housing patterns.     

晚清以来弹词研究的误区与盲点--"书场"缺失及与"案头"的百年分流

晚清肇始、绵延至今的弹词研究,将"案头"弹词小说与"书场"弹词讲唱分而治之,是几代学者的基本选择.本文在梳理百年弹词研究史的基础上,借鉴海外民俗学界相关思路,试图思考如何加强和深入作为民间说唱文艺的书场弹词研究.以苏州评弹为个案,探索如何把握这一吴语地区主要民间娱乐形式的完整个性及对基层民众生活的影响.探求"回到现场"作为研究方向的理论可行性,兼及"案头"与"书场"研究合流的可能性.     

启蒙、精神还乡、家园意识的三重溃败——对鲁迅《故乡》主题的重新阐释

鲁迅作品的经典性表征之一在于它广多的阐释性.在传统的政治性、阶级性"偏读"中,"我"的情感体验与心灵历程或多或少被忽视了的.重新阐释<故乡>,也即细密梳理、勾勒、陈列"我"的精神与情感过程,重新界定<故乡>的自我纾解特质.     

审美－自由的需要，生命的升华

本文以辩证唯物主义为理论基础,借助精神分析和完形心理学的研究成果,指出由于艺术作品中的力的结构与人的心理"力"的结构存在着异质同构的关系,故审美教育对实现完美人格,达到精神自由和生命的升华具有重要意义.     

回顾中国现代历史上“妇女回家”的四次争论

文章分析了中国现代历史上“妇女回家”四次争论所产生的历史背景、导火线以及造成的社会影响。着重指出 ,在民族危难之际 ,妇女解放首先要求得民族解放 ,才有自身的解放 ,“妇女回家”则剥夺了妇女爱国救国的权利与义务 ,没有妇女的参与 ,就没有革命的成功 ;改革开放后 ,社会上出现的劳动力过剩以及就业压力问题 ,不是妇女就业造成的 ,也决不是“妇女回家”能够解决的 ,必须依赖社会的进步和发展