对外直接投资对母国收入差距的影响效应——基于跨国面板数据的研究

本文将企业异质性理论引入内生增长模型，讨论对外直接投资（OFDI）对母国收入差距的影响机理，并基于1981~2015年85个国家（地区）的面板数据，同时运用静态模型与动态模型验证了二者间存在"倒U型"关系，即随着对外直接投资强度的提升，母国收入差距呈现先扩大再缩小的态势；OFDI一方面通过促进母国的技术进步与产业结构升级、挤出部分国内投资等渠道加剧了收入不平等程度，另一方面以推动母国的金融发展与教育拓展等方式对收入差距产生削减效果；OFDI对收入差距的影响在不同经济发展水平、不同地理区位的国家中具有异质性：当人均GDP小于5767.53美元时，对外直接投资强度显著地扩大了母国收入差距，当人均GDP超过5767.53美元时，二者之间不存在显著的线性关系；欧洲国家的OFDI与收入差距之间呈现出"倒U型"关系，美洲、亚洲国家的OFDI促进了母国收入差距的扩大，非洲国家的OFDI对收入差距无显著影响；此外，OFDI对母国收入差距的影响具有跨期效应，随着时间推移与OFDI存量增加，其间接效应的边际效果有所减弱。     

A transnational practice between fractured homes: Second-generation Turkish–German migrants’ experiences of visiting and being visited

The paper explores the multiple ways in which visits affect the understanding of home for the Turkish–German second generation who have relocated to Turkey. Based on thematic–narrative analysis of 116 life-story interviews with second-generation ‘returnees’ in five regions of Turkey, three types of visits are identified: (i) family visits to Turkey whilst growing up in Germany; (ii) visits to Germany after the second generation has ‘returned’ to Turkey; (iii) visits to Turkey by the second generation's Germany-residing relatives and friends. Each type has different meanings for the visitors and the visited, creating fluid reflections on the meaning of home, which, especially for the second-generation ‘returnees’, tends to become fractured. Constantly comparing their two home(-land)s since childhood, they often simultaneously feel both ‘here’ and ‘there’ as a result of changing attachments and a mix of positive and negative experiences in both locales with their families, friends and the dominant others.     

家、工厂与中国现代个体的诞生 对《茧》中人物生活世界的分析

《茧》是费孝通在《江村经济》后完成的一部英文小说，具有丰富的纪实与理论意涵。对《茧》的先行研究主要集中于社会经济与家庭结构的分析，较少探讨小说中最重要的人物情感与心态变化的意义。本文通过引入“生活世界”的概念与视角，对小说中人物的情感与心态变化过程进行分析，发现费孝通通过塑造宝珠的形象，展现了他理想的中国现代个体的诞生过程，即，现代个体在家（即“茧”）与工厂的意义重叠与张力中得以真正成长，随之确立的是基于现代个体而成立的新的生活世界的结构。在这个结构中，家既是个体的养育之所，也是个体的动力之源与安居之所。王婉秋的形象则展示缺少真实的家的个体可能呈现的纠结状态。这两个形象的对照，真正揭示了费孝通所理解的中国人与中国社会由传统走向现代的复杂可能性。     

Following the ‘hype’: The role of leisure practices during ‘homeland’ visits in transnational youth's way of relating to Ghana

Drawing on 17 months of ethnographic fieldwork in the Netherlands and Ghana, this paper combines ‘return’ mobilities literature and youth studies to analyse the role of leisure practices during ‘homeland’ visits in transnational youth's way of relating to Ghana when they are entering into adulthood. Using the notion of mobility trajectories, the paper shows that leisure practices facilitate young people's ability to establish and renew intimate transnational relationships with diasporic friends, and Ghana-based same-generation relatives and romantic partners. Differing from earlier stays in Ghana, young people expressed their emerging sense of independence by exploring alternative sides of the country with these peers, based on common interests and belonging to the same life-cycle cohort. The findings add complexity to the notion of the ‘homeland’ as a monolithic place of reconnecting with family and roots by drawing attention to the intersection between young people's pathways to adulthood and transnational mobility.     

以共同历史记忆构筑中华民族共有精神家园

共同历史记忆具有共有性、时代性、建构性和凝聚性等鲜明特征，对展示中华文化符号、体现中华民族形象、铸牢中华民族共同体意识、促进各民族交往交流交融、构筑中华民族共有精神家园、增强中华民族凝聚力和向心力，发挥重要的载体依托、桥梁支撑和价值彰显作用。中华民族共同历史记忆是由各民族共同拥有的中华优秀传统文化、共同书写的革命文化、共同弘扬的社会主义先进文化的符号和标识等组成，是各族人民的感情依托、心灵归宿和精神家园，需要我们守护、传承、阐释和弘扬。     

Feminized cultural capital at work in the moral economy: Home credit and working-class women

One of the defining features of the home credit sector is the role played by its agents—workers who act as intermediaries between lending companies and borrowers to facilitate lending and collect repayments. There is a prevailing and pervasive narrative in the sector that women make superior agents, largely based on the belief that female agents can manage relationships with borrowers more successfully than their male counterparts. This article analyzes data from 349,078 home credit accounts (loans), as well as 71 interviews with home credit agents and lending company managers, to evaluate both the myths and realities of women's roles in home credit. The data is also used to explore the opportunities for—and potential constraints on—women's career progression in home credit work, based on an understanding of the moral economy in which they operate. By exploring the moral economy of low-income communities, the article highlights the role of working-class women's cultural capital within the labor market. Despite women forming the majority of the agent workforce in home credit, women's capital is undervalued in comparison with their male counterparts' capital. The analysis within this article allows a greater understanding of the highly classed and gendered nature of the moral economy of low-income communities and the exchange value of women's capital within the labor market.     

家庭环境中幼儿读写萌发个案研究

读写萌发是幼儿早期阅读和书写自然发展的历程,幼儿的读写萌发始于家庭,家庭语言环境的营造直接影响日后幼儿对语言的认知和发展。文章在家庭的自然环境中,通过参与式观察和作品分析法对幼儿读写萌发现象进行个案研究,研究得出以下结论:幼儿阅读萌发形式多样,为幼儿阅读能力发展奠定基础;使用中文的幼儿在书写形式和原则上与使用英文的幼儿相比有所差异;幼儿阅读和书写萌发是平行发展且相互关联的。这些研究将为鼓励和促进幼儿读写能力发展提供重要指导。     

Looked after children's right to contact with birth parents: An Australian study

In Australia, there are more than 46 000 children in out-of-home care (OOHC). Most of these children have been in OOHC for more than 2 years. Similarly, there are more than 407 000 children in the United States and over 80 800 in England who are ‘looked after’ with approximately one third of these children being in OOHC for more than 2 years. This paper concerns ‘looked after’ children's rights to contact with their birth parents. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) requires child protection systems to recognize the rights of children to maintain contact with their families except where this is not in the child's ‘best interests’. In this paper, we report on a qualitative study conducted in Australia exploring legal and family support practitioners' perceptions of barriers to contact between children in OOHC and their birth parents. The thematic analysis identified four themes: These were as follows: a focus on systems driven responses; lack of cultural recognition and responsiveness; carers' disconnection from birth parents; and parents' exclusion. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding and recognizing children's right to contact with birth parents.     

幼儿家庭学习环境评价指标体系的构建

作为影响幼儿早期发展的重要外部环境，家庭学习环境一直是研究关注点。为充分发挥家庭学习环境对幼儿发展的支持作用，需构建系统科学的指标体系，以明确幼儿家庭学习环境评价的内容与方向。基于国内外已有研究结果，初步构建幼儿家庭学习环境评价指标体系，并运用德尔菲法对各项指标进行修订，形成包含4个一级指标、9个二级指标、35个评判标准的幼儿家庭学习环境评价指标体系，关注软性指标作为家庭学习环境评价的内部要素，重视硬性指标作为家庭学习环境评价的外部要素以及强调家庭学习环境作为近端特征对儿童发展影响。     

Fleeting joy,divergent expectations and reconfigured intimacies: The visits home of Filipino migrant care workers in Singapore

For Filipino migrant care workers in Singapore, visits home are highly anticipated and longed for, but only as long as they remain brief. Drawing on long-term ethnographic research, this paper examines such visits as emotionally complex events that bring intense joy as migrants reunite with dispersed family members, but also reveal divergent expectations and feelings of loss and betrayal. These experiences are especially felt among migrant women given the gendered constructions of their migration journeys that demand strenuous relational work on their visits and far beyond. Visits home, nevertheless, are important moments through which migrant care workers re-orient their priorities and aspirations as migrants and as women over time, often leading to prolongations of their ‘temporary’ absences. The paper further examines how migrant care workers, many of whom are on temporary work contracts in Singapore, fear and anticipate the moment when short visits ultimately become permanent returns.