Efficiency improvement from multiple perspectives: An application to Japanese banking industry

The current study focuses on efficiency improvement for banking systems from multiple perspectives, which have different definitions of input/output about various attributes of a banking system. In this research we utilize data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Nash bargaining game (NBG) theory to improve inefficient banks in order to: (1) Make the inefficient bank be the state of Pareto Optimality for multiple perspectives, which can avoid discontentment of some perspectives. (2) Improve a bank by changing its attributes and provide various improving schemes for decision makers. A numerical case study of Japanese banks is also given to show the results of equilibrium solution from multiple perspectives.     

Promoting Gender Equality without a Gender Perspective: Problem Representations of Equal Pay in Finland

The current locus of promoting equal pay in Finland is the workplace. Legal instruments, like gender equality planning and its pay surveys, are to be implemented in workplaces. This development raises important questions about the central role of the local trade union representatives as promoters of equal pay. This article analyses how local trade union representatives construct the problem of unequal pay and their role in narrowing the gender pay gap and their possible agonistic adversaries in negotiations on equal pay. Different problem representations concerning equal pay are analysed and evaluated on the basis of their potential to fracture the gender‐blind wage bargaining culture and ability to cash in on the promises made towards narrowing the gender pay gap.     

Leerstände: A Photo Project

ABSTRACT

Contrary to previous belief, there are now known to be substantial numbers of household inventories for nineteenth-century England and Wales. This article discusses what, and how, this “new” source can add to our understanding of the domestic cultures of the period. It describes how these inventories, read through the lens of a material-culture approach in both aggregate and interpretive analysis, not only offer unprecedented grounded evidence for how a sample of “unremarkable” Victorians laid out and equipped the spaces of their homes but also bring to light stories of intention, choice, and change in the furnishing, equipment, use, and meaning of domestic spaces.     

Stories of Work and Home in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

ABSTRACT

It is widely accepted that nineteenth-century ideals of middle-class domesticity involved the valorization of a family-centered home life and its conceptual and physical separation from the economically productive work that supported it. Whether this was the case in working-class ideas is less certain. However, discussion continues about how widely such a separation was adopted and about its inherent contradictions. Using an interpretive approach to household inventories, this article adds to that discussion through a close examination of the household arrangements of three unexceptional mid-century individuals, each of whom worked from their residence. Taking into account the individuals' personal circumstances and the requirements of their particular work as well as circulating normative ideas, the article investigates what sort of distinctions, if any, these people made between home and work and how they put them into practice.     

从“一户一宅”的视角探讨农村宅基地使用权取得

目前,农村宅基地使用权的取得比较混乱。现行立法对户的内涵的界定比较模糊,使得“一户多宅”现象较为突出。房屋继承后,“地随房走”原则的贯彻,促使“一户多宅”现象更加严重。宅基地使用权获得后,有时并不立即建造房屋,造成宅基地使用权取得与建造房屋的目的相脱离。作者认为,法律应该对宅基地使用权的取得与房屋的建造之间规定一定的期限。农村因继承房屋而能否实际取得宅基地使用权需要具体分析。农村宅基地使用权的取得需要通过立法进一步完善。     

农村未成年人违法犯罪的原因与防治措施研究——以陕西省为例

为了研究农村籍未成年人违法犯罪问题,采用了实证分析和思辨分析相结合的方法,以陕西省为例,通过实地调研,对陕西省农村未成年人违法犯罪的现状及特征进行了详细分析。调查研究的结果表明:价值观念扭曲、家庭教育功能的弱化与缺失、学校教育的错位以及农村社区功能的不健全是导致农村未成年人违法犯罪的主要原因,并据此提出了相应的预防和减少农村未成年人犯罪的相关政策建议。     

农民土地利益实现的制度障碍及对策

土地承包经营制度在建立之初表现出明显的绩效,但随着制度的推进,又暴露出似乎难以克服的缺陷。农用土地制度缺陷的根本原因在于制度系统内部不协调,而不在于农地制度本身。要实现农民的土地利益,需要对农民土地利用提供产前支持,需要培育有利于土地利益实现的市场,需要保障农民土地收入。     

Bivariate income distributions with lognormal conditionals

In this paper, the most general bivariate distribution with lognormal conditionals is fully characterized, using the methodology proposed by [3]. The properties of the new family are studied in detail, including marginal and conditional distributions, regression functions, dependence measures, moments and inequality measures. The new distribution is very broad, and contains as a particular case the classical bivariate lognormal distribution. Several subfamilies are studied and a generalization of the basic model is discussed. Finally, we present an empirical application. We estimate and compare the basic model proposed in the paper with a classical model, using data from the European Community Household Panel in different periods of time.     

辩诉交易及其制度环境分析

辩诉交易因契合现代诉讼经济观而颇受青睐,其存续及运作均有赖于特定制度环境。我国当前立法尚未确立辩诉交易制度,司法实践对此却已有所尝试。在此背景下,亟需考量制度建构之必要性及可行性,并积极探索制度的路径设计等相关问题。     

六朝岭南民族地区开发史两题

本文通过对史料的认真耙梳和缜密分析,对六朝岭南开发史中西晋编户与实际户数的比例问题提出了新的见解,同时对岭南冶铁业开始起步的时间问题也作了必要的补充。