转型期残疾人社会支持的实践模式研究

文章在于建构一个残疾人社会支持的实施模式,以分析残疾人社会支持网的特征,拓展社会支持的相关专题性研究。基于"人在情景中"的社会工作核心概念,残疾人社会支持的实施模式的设计应该关注三个系统、回答三个问题:"为谁"、"是什么"与"如何做"。      

非物质文化遗产保护与博物馆

从非物质文化遗产与博物馆的关系视角,论述博物馆与非物质文化遗产保护的关系:一是博物馆可对非物质文化遗产的“物质部分”进行收集、整理与保护,二是博物馆自身形式的创新与多元化能够更有效地保护非物质文化遗产,三是博物馆加强了与文化遗产原居地社区居民的参与和互动。     

神话叙事：灾难心理重建的本土经验——社会人类学田野视角对西方心理治疗理念的超越

灾后心理创伤康复,本质上是一个心理-文化人类学问题,同地方性文化经验密切相关。然而,利用文化经验的议题正被心理咨询辅导治疗这种简单医患关系的临床模式所取代。“5·12”汶川大地震羌族儿童灾后心理康复本土文化实践的纵向历时研究表明,采用羌族文化语境下的叙事文本,能够极大地推动传统文化变量步入族群心理健康促进的前台;而隐藏在西方心理学文本中的“个人主义”方法论导向的心理治疗策略,在以“集体主义”为特征的中国传统文化中必然面临挑战。这突出表明,外来知识文本在地方性语境中迫切需要用本土视角加以全面校正的重要性。     

民族学校对学生认知特点及本土知识的应然选择

心理学研究证明不同的个体由于文化背景和生活环境的不同,形成了不同的认知方式和认知技巧。少数民族学生由于特殊的生活环境、生活习俗和本土知识特点,他们在学习知识、认知事物时都表现出固有的认知习惯。民族学校的教育应充分考虑学生的认知特点和本土知识的纳入,这对提高学生学业成绩和本土知识的传承具有深远的意义。     

Indigenous land and sea management programs: Can they promote regional development and help “close the (income) gap”?

Throughout the world, there is growing recognition of the important role Indigenous people play in natural resource management and conservation. Indigenous Land and Sea Management Programs (ILSMPs; which provide funds to Indigenous people to support Indigenous land management activities) are also known to generate social and economic benefits, although relative few of these co‐benefits have been quantified. Using northern Australia as a case study, we analysed data on ILSMP expenditure within three regional input–output tables, learning more about the size and distribution of their associated regional economic benefits. We found ILSMPs make a significant contribution to regional economies—with multipliers commonly exceeding that of other key regional industries such as agriculture and mining. We also found ILSMP expenditures make a larger contribution to Indigenous household incomes than they do to non‐Indigenous incomes—thus helping to close the (income) gap. They will continue to do so, provided the proportion of ILSMP money spent on Indigenous (compared to non‐Indigenous) incomes does not fall below a threshold amount. Rather than finding evidence of a trade‐off between socio‐ecological and financial/economic goals, our results suggest ILSMPs, known for their ecological importance, can also make a vitally important contribution to economic development in rural areas.     

在田野中求证知识和学术

由于历史、地理等原因,西南少数民族保存至今保存着一些看似令人匪夷所思的文化现象,但从人类学的角度分析,却有着别样的现代价值。本文作者通过对贵州黔南和黔东南几个偏远县份的少数民族社区文化的田野考察,仔细分析和解读了其间的几个典型个案,使我们了解到了在书本中求证不到的诸多本土知识。     

从《千与千寻》看日本＂治愈系＂文化

日本经济泡沫崩溃后,逐渐迷失自我的日本人希望通过平稳、安定的方式治愈心灵,逐渐产生了“治愈”文化。近年来,该文化形成了文学、影视、动漫等全方位的产业体系——“治愈系”。动漫作为该文化的载体更是首当其冲。《千与千寻》作为“治愈系”动漫的代表作充分体现了“治愈系”产业温暖人心、净化心灵的特点,也体现了日本文化中自然崇拜、言灵信仰、无常观和集团主义等文化内涵。     

企业自主创新的博弈分析及政策激励

采用线性规划、Shapley值求解、动态均衡求解等研究方法,着重对企业自主创新的二人零和博弈、多人博弈、非常和"理想状态"博弈等静态博弈模型进行分析和求解,同时对企业自主创新的动态博弈模型进行扼要分析。研究的结论是,企业自主创新的战略选择过程是一个博弈的过程,是根据企业内外部环境作出的理性选择;应努力改善企业自主创新的环境,从政策上激发企业自主创新的主动性。     

乡土知识及其传承与保护

本文从文化的观点对乡土知识进行定义后,论述了乡土知识在山地居民的生活、森林保护和管理、生物多样性保护以及医疗保健等方面的作用和价值。针对乡土知识的知识产权得不到有效的保护并面临失传和消亡威胁的状况,文章提出在挖掘、利用和弘扬乡土知识的同时,还应对乡土知识产权进行有效保护,而数据库建设是乡土知识保护的基础。     

At Yesenia’s House…

This paper explores the multiple expressions of Central American immigrant Pentecostalism in the Pico Union district of Los Angeles. Drawing on in-depth ethnographic fieldwork in three temples and informal conversations with over 30 active Pentecostals, this paper shows that Central American immigrant Pentecostals tend to congregate on the basis of “congregational homophily,” or shared social and cultural characteristics, especially in terms of age, marital status, presence of infirmities or ailments, and national/regional origin. This paper also explores the ways in which Central American immigrant Pentecostals tailor their religious practices to reflect their “congregational homophily” through the differential inclusion/exclusion of practices such as healing, “roommating,” and formal and informal discussions of shared histories. By focusing on “congregational homophily” and the active constructions and reconstructions of Central American immigrant Pentecostalism, we gain more insight into the ways some Central American immigrants negotiate their lives and experiences in the increasingly fettered social, cultural, and political topography of contemporary Los Angeles.