American Indians’ Response to Physical Pain: Functional Limitations and Help-Seeking Behaviors

Seventy-five American Indians, ages 25 to 84, representing 14 tribal nations, participated in this study. The historical, cultural, and behavioral responses to physical pain were examined. Data were collected over a 7-month period with a survey instrument that included the Universal Pain Scale, activities of daily living, causes of pain, cultural beliefs, and self-help-seeking behaviors. Also, recommendations for Western biomedical health care professionals are offered to improve services for the American Indian population. Findings demonstrate that culture plays a crucial role in wellness and significantly affects help-seeking behaviors, treatment regimens, responses to pain, and pain management.     

关于双向声誉机制的作用机理及有效性研究

以公司治理困境为切入点,讨论如何配置公司股权结构既能发挥股东的支持行为,又能增强经理人的主动性,最终促进企业自主创新行为。整合代理理论与行为动机理论,引入经理人创新动力作为中介变量,并将市场竞争程度和创新空间作为调节变量加入模型,探讨股权集中度对自主创新行为的作用路径,利用182家企业的调研数据进行模型检验。研究结果表明,股权集中度与经理人创新动力、自主创新行为之间都存在倒U形关系,股权集中度通过经理人创新动力间接影响自主创新行为,创新空间正向调节经理人创新动力与自主创新行为间的关系,且这一调节效应不影响经理人创新动力中介作用的发挥,市场竞争程度的调节作用并不显著。     

Indigenous vs. native: negotiating the place of Lumads in the Bangsamoro homeland

Two categories of ethnic minority – Moro and Lumad – are indigenous to the Philippine island of Mindanao, with Muslim Moros outnumbering largely animist Lumads. Both have been profoundly displaced by the post-World War II influx of Christian Filipino settlers from other islands, leading to armed conflict with the national government over land and political control. Due to their political and demographic inferiority to Moros, Lumads have regularly resorted to the accommodation and assimilation of Moro priorities, including throwing their support behind the latters’ decades-long struggle for territorial autonomy. Thanks to wide public support among the Lumad and other Mindanao sectors, the latest peace talks between the government and Moro leaders has led to the signing of a major peace deal involving the creation of a new autonomous Bangsamoro homeland. Despite this, the legitimate needs of Lumad stakeholders have been ignored, and in some cases deliberately undermined, by Moros and the national government. This article analyses the post-conflict status of the Lumad who, as second-order minorities in the future Bangsamoro homeland, have been doubly marginalized in daily life and in the peace process. It concludes that denying Lumad concerns now will render Bangsamoro more vulnerable to legal and constitutional challenges, as well as jeopardize the unique ‘tri-people’ ethos that has made this the most firmly grounded peace process to date.     

当代欧美创伤回忆录的发生研究

创伤回忆录是20世纪80年代中后期以来西方文学界一个引人注目的现象,对当代社会、文化、生活产生了深刻影响。它的发生是三个因素的合力作用,即20世纪80年代人文领域的创伤转向,边缘群体见证其被压迫、被忽视生存状态的政治需求以及个体治愈创伤的内在驱动力。对创伤回忆录发生的研究,可以完整地揭示创伤回忆录的写作动机、写作范式及其发生的理论基础,为创伤回忆录的整体研究和具体文本研究提供范式,很有意义。     

走向民粹化的族群政治--20世纪80年代以来的台湾原住民运动与原住民政策研究

台湾的原住民运动兴起于上世纪 80年代初期。在族群化、民粹化的政治背景下 ,台湾的原住民运动从其产生之初起就混杂着民粹的因素。原住民运动在中前期发展阶段 ,在民粹手段和社会动员等方面与台湾的政治反对派互相借重 ,并形成策略互动。而台湾原住民的“正名”诉求则是由国民党籍的原住民“民意代表”和原住民运动相互配合得以实现的 ,台湾的原住民政策也由此发生了明显的改变。在“正名”实现后 ,台湾的原住民运动开始分裂并趋于衰微 ,但同时愈加民粹化     

大屠杀、含米特理论、族群身份以及其他--由《卢旺达饭店》(Hotel Rwanda)所想到的

西方殖民统治及其意识形态构建和固化了图西与胡图两族群之间的边界,并以种族化的方式定义了两个族群之间关系的性质。胡图与图西,由殖民时代之前拥有同一个父亲的兄弟变成了殖民时代的“优秀”的外来(alien)“含米特”种族与低劣的本地(indigenous)“班图”种族。后殖民时代,图西与胡图对彼此和自身群体的界定,也深受西方殖民统治及其种族化意识形态的影响。     

Indigenous land and sea management programs: Can they promote regional development and help “close the (income) gap”?

Throughout the world, there is growing recognition of the important role Indigenous people play in natural resource management and conservation. Indigenous Land and Sea Management Programs (ILSMPs; which provide funds to Indigenous people to support Indigenous land management activities) are also known to generate social and economic benefits, although relative few of these co‐benefits have been quantified. Using northern Australia as a case study, we analysed data on ILSMP expenditure within three regional input–output tables, learning more about the size and distribution of their associated regional economic benefits. We found ILSMPs make a significant contribution to regional economies—with multipliers commonly exceeding that of other key regional industries such as agriculture and mining. We also found ILSMP expenditures make a larger contribution to Indigenous household incomes than they do to non‐Indigenous incomes—thus helping to close the (income) gap. They will continue to do so, provided the proportion of ILSMP money spent on Indigenous (compared to non‐Indigenous) incomes does not fall below a threshold amount. Rather than finding evidence of a trade‐off between socio‐ecological and financial/economic goals, our results suggest ILSMPs, known for their ecological importance, can also make a vitally important contribution to economic development in rural areas.     

在田野中求证知识和学术

由于历史、地理等原因,西南少数民族保存至今保存着一些看似令人匪夷所思的文化现象,但从人类学的角度分析,却有着别样的现代价值。本文作者通过对贵州黔南和黔东南几个偏远县份的少数民族社区文化的田野考察,仔细分析和解读了其间的几个典型个案,使我们了解到了在书本中求证不到的诸多本土知识。     

管理学本土化问题研究的分析与再思考

依据熊彼特“一个人不掌握历史事实,不具备适当的历史感或所谓历史经验,他就不可能指望理解任何时代(包括当前)的经济现象”的经济史学观,以及中国管理学本土化工作中存在的问题,分析了中国管理学界当前需要开展的工作.结合既是文化环境过程,也是文化环境中产物的管理学理论的特性,探索了中国本土管理研究工作的相关问题.认为中国学科本土化的研究工作是中国管理学界需要认真思考和分析的问题,管理学的中国本土化工作不能急功近利,一蹴而就.承认、尊重一百多年来经过广泛的理论研究和管理实践检验,并具有普适性的管理思想与理论架构,不拘泥于与中国现阶段和未来发展实践相脱节,甚至背离的理论或结论,努力地结合中国的国情和实践深入开展研究,是中国管理学界进行中国本土管理研究工作的主要路径.     

论《一千英亩》中吉妮的创伤与愈合

简·斯迈利的小说《一千英亩》以女性视角勾勒出不同历史时期人物的创伤体验，书写了美国20世纪普通女性创伤的全景图，展现了吉妮从躲避创伤、直面创伤到走出创伤这一艰难的生存与救赎历程，揭示出简·斯迈利在关注女性个人心理创伤的同时，更以细腻的笔触直指造成以吉妮为代表的女性群体创伤的原因，反映了简·斯迈利对女性生存状态的思考和对生态危机的忧虑。