《长日留痕》中的创伤书写

《长日留痕》是主人公史蒂文森对个体创伤历史的记忆。他书写了个体创伤所造成的父子爱之痛、两性爱之痛和事业之痛。他的书写还映射了英国管家集体所遭受的创伤。史蒂文森通过写作来揭示伤痛,对个体创伤进行了宣泄,从而减轻了个体伤痛,而且通过“被倾听”一定程度上治疗了创伤。《长日留痕》对个体创伤的关注再现及疗救,表明了石黑一雄对人类生存状况的关怀,有助于受创伤者建立创伤疗救的希望。     

Ngā Mōwaho: an analysis of Māori responses to the Christchurch earthquakes

Since September 2010, a series of earthquakes have caused widespread social, financial and environmental devastation in Christchurch, New Zealand. Anecdotal evidence suggests that local Māori responded effectively to facilitate community recovery and resilience. However, the form, content and extent of that response has not been adequately recognised or documented. This qualitative research project, conducted in partnership with Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, has documented the way in which Māori cultural factors have facilitated disaster risk reduction and management in response to the earthquakes. This paper explores sets of understandings about marginalisation and inclusion within the narratives of 70 Māori community members who contributed to this research. Forms of marginalisation expressed in participants’ narratives include delayed linkages to the formal emergency management infrastructure, difficulties integrating Māori volunteers into the mainstream response as well as enduring barriers to Māori engagement within Civil Defence, illustrated in a lack of Māori representation as well as tikanga Māori within emergency planning. We argue that the knowledge, principles and practices embedded within Māori responses to the Christchurch earthquakes may be contextually relevant for national and regional policy development in the area of disaster risk management, response and recovery.     

论台湾原住民和海南黎族文身习俗的异同及其功能

文章结合有关的文献史料及近代学者调查资料对台湾原住民和海南黎族的文身习俗进行比较研究认为 ,因为同处在原始社会形态社会背景之下 ,两地文身习俗在方法、图案、部位、年龄以及禁忌等方面所表现出来的文化特征必然是大同小异 ,但由于台湾原住民和海南黎族内部不同族群、不同支系之间社会经济发展存在不平衡性 ,决定了两地的文身习俗所体现出来的社会功能绝非单一 ,而是多元的。     

作为本土知识的仪式空间--以大理喜洲为例

社会人类学家提出,行政、市场、仪式是三种形成空间的力量.笔者根据在大理喜洲的田野工作提出,虽然三种力量造成了三种社会空间,但只有仪式空间才是当地人的本土知识.行政和市场力量形成的空间因变动不定而脱离了本土社会分类,只能用客位的视角观察到.因此,在探讨空间形成力量之前,研究者应该在主位与客位的视角之间做出选择.     

中国社会心理学方法论初探

西方心理学是在对物质世界的科学认识中逐渐生成的,因此它在研究方法论上具有很强的实证主义倾向,并影响着人格心理学、社会心理学和文化心理学的发展。但本土心理学在实证主义的引导下所进行的本土研究,却往往误解和肢解当地人的心理和行为。其实,受中国自身的文化预设、社会认知和思维模式的影响,本土方法论是人文主义取向的,其中所包含的整体论思维、引导性概念及类比推理等对本土心理学方法论的建立具有启示作用。     

Spanish Influenza Mortality of Ethnic Minorities in Norway 1918–1919

Previous studies into SpanishInfluenza mortality have reported thatindigenous populations were the prime victims.The explanations put forward in those studieswere not convincing, however, as no controlshad been made for possibly confounding factors.The multivariate analysis in this paper showsthat areas of Norway with high shares of theSami population (Laps) had high SpanishInfluenza mortality, net of such confoundingfactors as wealth, poverty, crowding, and occupationalstructure. The cause is probably a lack ofinherited and acquired immunity againstinfluenza among the Sami. Another ethnicminority, Kven (Finnish immigrants and theirdescendants), however, did not differsignificantly from the ethnic Norwegianmajority population with respect to SpanishInfluenza mortality. This is explained by arelatively high degree of economic and culturalassimilation of the Kven in the Norwegiansociety, as opposed to the Sami in the late1910s.     

Studying one's own in the Middle East: Negotiating gender and self-other dynamics in the field

This article uses examples of the experience I had in the field as an indigenous researcher in Turkey in order to problematize claims to knowledge. I contend that for researchers who are positioned as relative “insiders,” whether indigenous or bicultural, such aspects of the researcher identity as gender, class, professional and relationship status are made especially salient, perhaps even more so in Middle Eastern contexts. I also argue that while indigenous status can be both empowering and restricting, the insider/outsider position can be employed as a useful vantage point for “rethinking the familiar.” I discuss with examples how this position informed my researcher role and my perspective on what is traditional.     

Cross-cultural issues in illness and wellness: Implications for depression

This paper addresses cultural factors in illness and wellness, using depression as a specific context. The issue of cultural relativism and commensurability of diagnosis and evaluation of outcomes across cultures is discussed. The concepts underlying traditional systems of healing are compared to those of Western orthodox medicine.     

Therapeutic Forgiveness: Developing a Model for Empowering Victims of Sexual Abuse

Forgiveness is increasingly popular in therapy as a way to facilitate healing, but there are definitional discrepancies and confusion regarding the degree to which it is conceptualized as either an interpersonal/relational or an independent/self-enhancing process. In this article forgiveness is conceptualized as an interpersonal process linked to apology or contrition on the part of the offender. Yet it is also independent. A model is described that was developed for the benefit of abuse victims whose offenders will not or cannot apologize. Using the model, victims can accomplish for themselves what would be accomplished for them through an apology.