Moral education as intercultural moral education

In a diverse country such as Peru, moral education should reflect social, cultural, political and spiritual dilemmas of both indigenous and non-indigenous peoples and their communities. To promote understanding and respect amongst people from different sociocultural backgrounds, moral education should encourage a dialogue between indigenous values and mainstream hegemonic values. In this article, we argue for the need to conceptualise moral education as intercultural. Against a common view that portraits indigenous people as incommensurable, that is, as trapped in their own radically different moral perspective, our own research in Shipibo-Konibo and Asháninka communities show that indigenous people display a moral point of view when analysing cultural traditions and practices. This moral point of view appears intertwined with their cultural values and ethnic identities and allows intercultural dialogue. In this vein, we argue for the need to incorporate intercultural moral conflicts and dilemmas into moral education to promote understanding and respect for others.     

State,profession, and religion: Reflecting on spirituality and indigenous social work in China in the Yushu Earthquake Relief

ABSTRACT

On April 14, 2010, a massive earthquake measuring 7.1M_s struck the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, China. Its scale notwithstanding, it has received much less national and international attention than the also immense Wenchun quake of 2008 in Sichun Province. This field report discusses the contribution of religion and spirituality in postdisaster relief in Yushu. It also calls for critical reflection on the issue of homogenization in the discussion of indigenous social work in China, and perhaps in other multiethnic countries in the world.     

What students’ Facebook posts teach us about the identity challenge in field placements abroad

ABSTRACT

Facebook is a common tool that enables students to publicly express their emotions, thoughts, experiences, and knowledge. On the assumption that the personal narratives of students can provide deep insights into their learning processes during practical training programs, the article presents content analyses of Facebook posts written by Israeli students who participated in an international social work field placement program in India. Content analysis of the students’ posts reveals that they grappled with their personal and professional identities as part of the learning process that occurred while they were formulating their professional identity as social workers. The analysis elicited three main themes: (1) awareness of the national identity; (2) exploration of other identities (personal, professional, and global); and (3) an attempt to contain multidimensional identity. The students discussed the main challenges they faced in the process of formulating an identity that will enable them to engage in international social work, and they described the fluctuations that occurred in those identities. The results show how public Facebook posts can be used as a tool to shed light on the contribution of social work education in international field placements, and provide insights into the learning processes that students experience in field placements abroad.     

The last of the Li: ritual texts and shifting ethnicities in Hainan

On Hainan, it is commonly believed that people who identify themselves as Han employ ritual masters (commonly known as daogong 道公) who use texts, while those who view themselves as Li employ the service of geba (no applicable Chinese characters) who do not. This paper argues that the use of Chinese ritual texts implies that the specialist possessing them belongs to a larger religious movement, while those specialists without texts emphasize their own powers as well as those of the masters who instructed them. At the same time, however, my historical and field research indicates that the use of texts has been spreading throughout the Five Finger Mountain region throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, thereby prompting significant changes towards hybrid rituals and the denial of any Li connection. While the ethnic differentiation (minzu shibie 民族識別) campaigns beginning in the 1950s have promoted a sense of ethnic identity, the growing use of written texts indicates that Li ritual practices have been converging with those of the Han.     

Home Care Services for Indigenous Population in Taiwan: Cultural and Socio-Structural Implications for Long-Term Care Policy

Taiwan faces the world’s top aging rate over the next 8 years, making long-term care a priority for all populations, including the 16 indigenous groups who live primarily in the mountains and have different cultural practices than mainstream Taiwanese people. To examine how home care services are coordinated, managed, and delivered to the indigenous populations, we interviewed 10 public care managers and analyzed the interview content to assess their work experiences with home care workers and indigenous users in 2016. The research revealed four findings: (1) Home care utilization patterns and attitudes were different between the rural indigenous and non-indigenous populations; (2) home care utilization was limited by cultural, economic, and language challenges; (3) home care workers faced cultural and socio-structural challenges; and (4) policy and service provisions were rigid, without the socio-structural flexibility needed to accommodate the indigenous culture. A more efficient model will require the collaboration of public care managers, home care workers, and indigenous families to create a fair-coordinated plan. As Taiwan launches the Ten-year Long-Term Care Plan 2.0, a one-stop service delivery center to integrate care options and provide services for people of indigenous backgrounds is a must.     

文化与心理学关系的三种研究模式及其发展趋势

自20世纪后半期开始,文化与心理学的关系越来越受到心理学家的关注,从而使其成为一个重要的研究领域。跨文化心理学、文化心理学和本土心理学是有关文化与心理学关系的三种主要的研究模式。跨文化心理学的研究对象是不同文化群体的心理与行为比较;文化心理学研究文化对人的心理与行为的影响;本土心理学研究本土背景中与文化相关的和从文化派生出来的心理与行为活动。它们都从不同的角度阐明了文化与心理学的关系。最终,通过一种深层结构理论,即一种普适性理论将会把它们的研究结果整合起来。     

中国管理学界的困境和出路:本土化领导研究思考的启示

基于中国管理学界的“尴尬”处境,以个人视角建立了一个认识中国管理学术进程的轮廓。进而,通过引入中国本土化领导理论研究的整体视角,初步讨论了其对研究方法论的挑战,进一步揭示了中国管理学界发动并推进一场深刻变革的必要性和可能性。     

基础研究与中国产业技术追赶——以高铁产业为案例

传统的技术追赶观点拘泥于引进消化吸收再创新的知识追赶思维,但是基础研究在产业创新发展的作用并没有得到进一步的研究。而且中国也习惯于集合国家层面的宏观需求对基础研究进行自上而下的资助,往往忽视了产业需求引致的基础研究也是国家资助基础研究的重要方式之一。本文对高铁产业需求引致基础研究的过程进行深度研究,构建了产业需求引致基础研究的四阶段演进过程。研究结论表明:产业需求引致的基础研究模式是一种点对点技术创新的管理模式;中国产业发展过程中特有的需求对基础研究有积极贡献;探究国外已经成熟技术背后的基础理论,仍然是中国产业核心技术发展必不可少的阶段;政府创造出的大规模和一体化的市场为产业介入基础研究提供了强有力支撑。     

Changing Human Populations in Post-Soviet Kamchatka: An Integrated Study of Shifts in Fertility and Net Population

We expect population changes to be closely tied to resource abundance or scarcity. Here, I demonstrate a clear relationship between the widespread socio-economic crisis of the post-Soviet period and declining population patterns in central Kamchatka. These broad patterns, however, vary among populations, reflecting particular interlinked socio-economic, ecological, and historical conditions. More dramatic decline is observed in areas where the socio-economic crisis has coincided with a local natural resource crisis. Analyzing population shifts in the context of local circumstances, this paper corroborates the link between resource conditions and changes at the family level.