Seeding Science,Courting Conclusions: Reexamining the Intersection of Science,Corporate Cash,and the Law

Social scientists have expressed strong views on corporate influences over science, but most attention has been devoted to broad, Black/White arguments, rather than to actual mechanisms of influence. This paper summarizes an experience where involvement in a lawsuit led to the discovery of an unexpected mechanism: A large corporation facing a multibillion-dollar court judgment quietly provided generous funding to well-known scientists (including at least one Nobel prize winner) who would submit articles to open, peer-reviewed journals, so that their unbiased science could be cited in an appeal to the Supreme Court. On balance, the corporations most effective techniques of influence may have been provided not by overt pressure, but by encouraging scientists to continue thinking of themselves as independent and impartial.This is a revised version of a paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta, GA, August 2003.     

“This rabid fight for survival”: Small NGO manager's experiences of funding reform

This article explores the experiences of small Non‐Government Organisation (NGO) managers who are experiencing significant funding reforms. Drawing on a desk review of the literature, and semi‐structured interviews with managers of small NGOs in a case study site of Glebe, New South Wales, we present some of the issues arising from these new modes of funding governance. Findings revealed that funding is increasingly complex, with variations in timeframe, funder and geographic boundaries. The short‐term nature of funding contributed to NGO managers stating that they have been operating in a “survival” mode characterised by a high‐level uncertainty. Changes to funding regimes have led to a need to seek out future funding, engage in competitive tendering processes and comply with multiple and growing funding reporting requirements – tasks that are time‐consuming and at times stressful. Overall, managers experienced overwhelming funding complexity, which impeded the NGO's ability to focus on the needs of clients — an outcome which is surely antithetical to the aims of the various reforms to funding governance.     

国内外家庭经济困难学生资助制度及方法比较研究

随着我国高等教育改革的不断深入,家庭经济困难学生问题已成为制约我国高等教育工作的重要问题。为保证受教育机会的均等性,对家庭经济困难学生采取资助是世界各国普遍的做法。本文通过对国内外高校学生资助政策特点的比较分析,结合工作实际提出了我国家庭经济困难学生资助政策的启示和建议。     

国外大学生资助政策分析及对我国的启示

我国自20世纪80年代进行大学生资助政策改革,目前呈现出上大学收费、多种资助方式并举的局面。但随着高等教育的深入发展,如何完善现行的资助体系,更好地发挥其帮困助学的作用,日益受到社会各界广泛的关注。通过对国外大学生资助政策的比较研究,为构建与我国社会主义市场经济体制相一致、体现教育公平与机会均等、有利于促进我国高等教育发展的大学生资助政策提供有益的借鉴和参考。     

对赌回购的可履行性分析

2019年最高人民法院发布的《全国法院民商事审判工作会议纪要》(以下简称《纪要》),确立了对赌协议从效力管控到履行规制的裁判思路,然而在债权人保护视域下,该裁判思路中涉及可履行性的适用却存在一定的错位。因此,文章从当前裁判对于对赌回购履行性的认识不足、对赌回购可用资金来源的规定缺失以及《纪要》关于对赌回购要求的减资程序不足等方面来分析其存在的问题,进而在民法典《合同编》及债权人保护原则下对可履行问题、回购资金来源规制的可行制度以及正确适用减资程序等方面提出关于对赌回购可履行性在司法和公司内部治理中的完善路径,以期待能够对审判实践有所裨益。     

Learning to love (the state) again? Money,legitimacy and community sector politics

The erosion and dismantling of the post‐war welfare settlement has entailed an expanded role for the community sector, as a complex ‘mixed economy of service provision’ has developed. Critiques from both right and left have undermined the legitimacy of a statist model of welfare; state funding of non‐government community organisations is one aspect of the move away from centralised delivery. Despite their important role in this process, the distinctive perspectives of community sector organisations are rarely considered in broader theoretical and political debates. These organisations face significant dilemmas in struggling to maintain their viability and independence. Analysis of three major arguments for funding shows how organisations challenge the state's legitimacy by insisting on their own independent role but precariously rely on traditional sources of welfare state funding. This analysis draws into question the possibility of satisfactory non‐statist theories of welfare. It also suggests that the community sector might need to reposition itself as part of a broader public system of welfare, rather than in opposition to government, but that this strategy entails obvious risks for organisations' independence.     

提升综合类医学学报期刊核心竞争力的探讨——基于CJCR文献计量学的分析

为了提升综合类医学学报期刊的核心竞争力,结合2011—2013年版CJCR和2011年版《中文核心期刊要目总览》,对22种综合类医学学报核心期刊的总被引频次、影响因子、载文量、他引率和基金论文比等指标进行分析。结果显示,22种综合类医学学报核心期刊的总被引频次和影响因子均呈上升趋势,具有一定的学术影响力。但综合类医学学报期刊的年平均载文容量为308.27篇,年平均基金论文比为0.556,仅有6种期刊的平均基金论文比超过0.600。综合类医学学报期刊编辑需优化稿源,加强选题策划及组稿工作,增加基金论文比,适当扩大载文量,提高总被引频次和影响因子,从而扩大学术影响力,提升期刊的核心竞争力。     

The California Collaboration

Summary

This article documents the Title IV-E child welfare social work project of the California Social Work Education Center (CalS WEC): The establishment and ongoing support of collaborative arrangements among 58 California counties, the California State Department of Social Services, and all of the California graduate social work schools. The primary goal of this collaboration is to produce MS Ws who will commit to helping disadvantaged children and families in publicly supported child welfare services. The project model contains five interdependent components: a competency-based curriculum, financial support for students, development of instructional materials, active participation among public child welfare agencies and the universities, and evaluation.

This paper focuses on the collaborative curriculum development process. Evolving arrangements among stakeholders are described here in terms of the reciprocal adjustment of curriculum development and field and classroom instruction to prepare MSWs for public child welfare careers.     

养老保险基金、资本形成与中国经济增长关系的实证研究

养老保险筹资模式分为现收现付制和基金制。由于世界人口迅速老龄化,相对于现收现付制,基金制具有资本积累作用,能够促进经济增长和提高社会福利。通过构建一个把养老金资产作为转移因子的柯布——道格拉斯总量生产函数,并探讨养老基金资产对资本形成和经济增长的影响,可以见出:长期内我国现有的"部分基金制"的养老保险筹资模式促进了经济增长和资本形成,但是从短期看,部分基金制对二者没有显著的积极影响。     

专利资助政策的困境与改革要略

专利资助政策带来了专利申请的春天,但也面临“诱发垃圾专利”的责难。究其根源,在于资助程序设计存在瑕疵:专利资助政策罔顾我国专利初步审查制的缺陷,将不经实质审查的实用新型和外观设计纳入资助范围,却缺乏相应的专利筛选机制,且资助额度设置不当,扭曲了部分专利权人的申请初衷。专利资助政策走出困境的路径有两条:一是借鉴他国利用检索报告限制行使不稳定专利权的做法,将专利权评价报告设置成资助前置程序;二是借用科技查新体系,将科技查新列入资助必经程序。以专利含金量为考量基点,限缩资助范围,择优资助,可克服专利领域的规制失灵现象,从而实现政府促进科技发展的规制目标。