A Macro-Economic Framework for Evaluation of Cyber Security Risks Related to Protection of Intellectual Property

The article is based on the premise that, from a macro-economic viewpoint, cyber attacks with long-lasting effects are the most economically significant, and as a result require more attention than attacks with short-lasting effects that have historically been more represented in literature. In particular, the article deals with evaluation of cyber security risks related to one type of attack with long-lasting effects, namely, theft of intellectual property (IP) by foreign perpetrators. An International Consequence Analysis Framework is presented to determine (1) the potential macro-economic consequences of cyber attacks that result in stolen IP from companies in the United States, and (2) the likely sources of such attacks. The framework presented focuses on IP theft that enables foreign companies to make economic gains that would have otherwise benefited the U.S. economy. Initial results are presented.     

制造企业服务业务扩展及其认知因素研究

制造企业的竞争越来越激烈,几乎所有的企业都要面对快速反应多变市场和应对价格压力的要求,面对越来越小的产品利润空间和越来越复杂的客户需求,本文从对工业服务管理文献分析和制造企业的调查研究入手,揭示了制造企业从纯粹的产品生产者向客户支持方案提供者发展的转移趋势.通过对瑞士和德国30多家机器和设备制造企业进行的调查研究,说明了服务业务对制造企业在开发财务、营销和战略机会上的重要作用,并对转移过程中服务业务的扩展过程进行了总结.结合具体企业实践,本文对制约制造企业扩展服务业务中在管理动机上的认知因素进行了分析和研究.结合中国加入WTO后,中国制造企业将全面融入国际竞争的背景,本文期望对中国制造企业的发展和竞争地位的提高提供理论和实践上的指导.     

产业集群参与者交互偏好与知识网络演化:模型与仿真

知识网络是产业集群网络演化的重要组成部分和先决条件,本文将产业集群中参与者进行交互的偏好分为任务导向型和知识导向型,建立了一个基于多智能主体的产业集群知识网络模型,利用Blanche软件实现了知识网络演化模型的仿真计算,通过仿真研究了任务导向型和知识导向型知识网络的对网络演化的不同影响.最后,本文提出了研究的局限性和下一步研究的方向.     

双向FDI与经济增长的实证研究

从双向FDI的角度分析OFDI和IFDI与经济增长的关系。选取双向FDI对经济增长的3个主要影响因素,分别对双向FDI与GDP、投资、净出口和产业结构的关系进行实证分析。研究发现:双向FDI对于GDP和投资都具有拉动作用;IFDI对投资的影响滞后4期才能产生,对净出口的增长起到正向促进作用;OFDI的扩大不利于净出口的增长;双向FDI与三次产业都存在较强的灰色关联度。据此,提出改善对内对外投资环境、发挥双向FDI对固定资产投资和净出口的促进作用、强化双向FDI对产业结构的调整作用等建议。     

资本下乡：进入模式选择及其影响因素

进入模式是经济组织配置资源的重要手段。以工商资本对农户经营活动的控制权程度为依据,将工商资本投资农业的进入模式划分为“松散型”、“半紧密型”、“紧密型”三种类型。利用对广东、湖北、江苏以及云南四省151个投资主体的调查数据,采用有序逻辑回归模型分析生产因素、市场因素、制度因素以及生产技术传递能力对工商资本投资农业的进入模式选择的影响。结果表明：耕地资源优势越弱,工商资本投资农业选择紧密型进入模式的可能性越高;市场潜力越大,越倾向于选择紧密型进入模式;非正式制度越不利,选择紧密型进入模式的可能性越低;生产技术的传递能力越弱,越倾向于选择紧密型进入模式。     

房价波动、银行信贷与产业升级——基于银行信贷中介效应检验及区域差异对比分析

房价波动是影响产业升级的重要因素。阐述房价暴涨通过银行信贷中介效应传导机制对产业升级产生抑制作用,并基于全国大中城市2007-2016年面板数据,采用动态面板模型系统GMM估计法检验房价波动通过银行信贷中介效应机制影响产业升级。研究结果表明:第一,大中城市的房价过快上涨对产业升级产生负效应;第二,大中城市的房价过快上涨会增加房地产银行信贷需求,挤出了支持技术创新、产业升级的银行资金,从而抑制产业升级;第三,通过区域差异对比分析,东部大中城市银行信贷对房价波动与高新产业关系发挥中介效应,房价上涨通过吸收银行信贷挤出高新产业发展资金;中部大中城市房价上涨通过吸收银行信贷挤出第三产业发展资金;银行信贷没有对西部城市的房价波动与产业升级发挥中介效应。     

The Structure of Legal Relations in Online Transactions*

As the civil law expression of internet plus transactions, the legal relations in online trading platform transactions constitute a complex aggregate of legal relationships composed of groups of legal relations. Specifically, they consist of three basic interlinked legal relationships: Contract relations for online trading platform services between the platform provider and the seller or service provider, and between the platform provider and the consumer. This includes the sales or service contract relations between the triad of the seller, the service provider and the consumer. These relations contain five kinds of major content, viz., the provision of transaction space, the publishing of transaction information, price escrow payment, distribution and delivery of the commodity, and transaction credit evaluation. They involve three forms of supplementary legal relations: the supplementary contract relationship between the platform provider and a third party payment institution; between the seller and third party credit reporting agency; and between the seller and a logistics enterprise. The three forms of supplementary contractual legal relations are set up to act on the major contents of the basic legal relationships in online transactions. On the basis of the online trading platform service contract relationships between the platform provider and the triad of the seller, the service provider and the consumer, the flow of the above- mentioned legal relations centers on the contract of sales or service set up between the seller, the service provider and the consumer to accomplish the aim of the online transaction, meet social needs and boost economic development.     

Dyadic Analyses of Preschool‐aged Children's Friendships: Convergence and Differences between Friendship Classifications from Peer Sociometric Data and Teacher's Reports

Peer sociometrics and teachers' friendship reports were compared in 2179 preschool dyads. One hundred twenty of 306 reciprocated friend dyads from peer sociometric data were also identified as good friends by their classroom teachers, and 301 of 600 of non‐reciprocated dyads in peer data were named as friends by one or both classroom teachers (overall kappa = .16). Friendship classifications from both peer and teacher data had significant relations with variables relevant to peer interactions, social skills, peer acceptance, and teacher‐rated scales (six of seven tests significant for peer data; five of eight significant for teacher data). Multilevel analyses indicated that friendship status effects were not qualified by classroom‐level differences. Findings suggest that sociometric tasks can identify preschoolers' peer friendships and that the range of correlates may be broader in peer‐choice data than in teachers' friendship evaluations.     

我国软件产业国际竞争力的影响因素分析

要提升我国软件产业的竞争力,研究其影响因素是非常重要的课题。本文首先对产业竞争力的概念、产业竞争力影响模型以及软件产业竞争力的研究进行简要回顾,然后详细探讨了软件产业竞争的特点,在此基础上构建了我国软件产业国际竞争力影响因素模型,接着对模型中的各个要素,如政府的作用、人力资源、产业组织、产业价值链、企业管理等进行了深入的分析,最后对各个要素的相互关系进行了初步论述。