英汉语言玛赛克现象分析

语言接触是人类社会的普遍现象,作为这种现象之一的英汉语言玛赛克在当今我国日益普遍和广泛,几乎成为这个时代的一个文化特征。针对这一有趣的语言现象,本文首先从科技、校园、社会生活三大方面作了归类分析,然后从社会语言学、语言心理学和理论语言学三个角度探寻其出现和存在的必然性,最后得出结论这种颇具魅力的语言玛赛克现象是社会发展的必然,是语言发展的必然。     

Measuring rates of word‐final nasal velarization: The effect of dialect contact on in‐group and out‐group exchanges1

Three Salvadoran corpora were used to analyze word‐final nasal variation in a situation of dialect contact. To determine the effect of ethnicity on the variation, two different interviewers, one an out‐group member and a speaker of Mexican Spanish, the other an in‐group member and a speaker of Salvadoran Spanish, interacted with Salvadorans, born or claiming family ties to San Sebastián, El Salvador, now living in the Holly Spring area of Houston. To explore the impact of the speech community, the same Mexican interviewer gathered data in Segundo Barrio, which – unlike Holly Spring – is an area of Houston where Mexicans are the overwhelming majority. The Houston data were compared to data gathered in situ in San Sebastián, the latter serving as the control group used to quantify possible modifications in the contact speech samples. The Houston data showed that Salvadorans interviewed by an in‐group member of the community produced higher rates of nasal velarization; their velarization rates closely matched the patterns characteristic of the non‐contact variety. In addition, Salvadorans in Holly Spring velarized more than their counterparts in Segundo Barrio. The Houston informants used lower frequencies of nasal velarization to out‐group interviewers, thus showing accommodation and producing linguistic patterns closer to those found in the contact Mexican variety.     

Sociophonetic variation in a long‐term language contact situation: /l/‐darkening in Welsh‐English bilingual speech

This study investigates /l/‐darkening in the Welsh and English speech of bilinguals in North Wales. Although it is claimed that /l/ is dark in all syllable positions in northern varieties of both languages, there have been no quantitative investigations of this feature which consider cross‐linguistic phonetic differences, the differing nature of language contact between North East and North West Wales, and differences in the way both languages are acquired by speakers. The dataset of 32 Welsh‐English bilinguals, aged 16–18, was stratified by speaker sex, home language, and area. Tokens of /l/ in word‐initial onset and word‐final coda positions were analysed acoustically. The results show cross‐linguistic differences in onset position and that such differences were found to be greater in the speech of female speakers. Differences were also found between the two areas. These results are discussed with reference to the influence of extra‐linguistic factors on speech production and the possible social meaning associated with dark /l/.     

Intergroup Contact: Using Storytelling to Increase Awareness of Lesbian and Gay Older Adults in Long-Term Care Settings

ABSTRACT

Due to societally imposed stigmatization, lesbian and gay (LG) older adults fear and prolong accessing long-term care (LTC) even though they need LTC at higher rates. Interventions that decrease negative attitudes toward LG older adults among LTC staff are a first step in addressing this problem. In this study, the influence of intergroup contact (IGC) on LTC staff members’ attitudes toward LG was explored through the use of storytelling as a training mechanism. An embedded mixed-method approach was employed to collect and analyze responses of 60 LTC staff who participated in a storytelling event. Participants completed pretests, posttests, and participated in audio-recorded group discussions. The findings showed that storytelling had a significant (p =0.001) and positive effect (d =0.57) on participants attitudes toward LG. Qualitative analysis revealed 90 codes, 13 process codes, and 4 themes: making meaning of stories, seeking understanding, application to LTC setting, and debating. When guided by IGC theory, storytelling has potential for positively influencing attitudes of LTC staff members toward LG older adults. There is a need for longitudinal work to further test this model.     

谈“开放式”教学在健美操教学中的应用

从教育学角度看,“开放式”教学是把整个教学活动转变为学生和教师的交往活动,将原有的教学思维以完全解放的方式来作为教学的主要目标和手段,整个课堂几乎都是教师与学生以多种形式的群体活动相互作用下完成的。将开放式教学应用于健美操教学之中,是打破原有健美操教学的内容体系,让教师成为学生的伙伴并可以依赖的朋友。     

采用多种沟通方式做好读者服务工作－浅论高校图书馆与学生读者的沟通

图书馆应注重馆员与读者之间的沟通方式,提高馆员服务水平,力求更好地为读者服务。     

大学新生人际交往研究综述

近年来我国学者对大学新生的人际交往从交往的范围、目的、程度、影响因素、特点以及人际交往的不适、困惑和调适、解决方法等方面进行了研究.了解这些研究成果,对学校做好学生工作,促进新生的进步与成长很有意义.     

族群互动下的语言接触——以广西富川为例

族群在生存和发展过程中与其他族群的交往互动必然要以语言为沟通手段,族群互动产生语言接触。本文以广西富川瑶族自治县为例,结合该县各族群文化交往的历史和语言演变的进程,探讨族群互动中语言接触的特点和规律。     

《宝林传》句首"尔时"研究

《宝林传》中句首"尔时"常出现在"尔时 NP VP"格式中,"尔时"可以表示过去或将来的时间,可不表特定的时间,也可表示时间的淡化。从篇章上看,句首"尔时"引导话题,是话题引导标记,它最早来源于东汉译经,是语言接触的产物。