Three measures of non‐resident fathers' involvement,maternal parenting and child development in low‐income single‐mother families

This study examined the relationships among non‐resident fathers' involvement, mothers' parenting and parenting stress, and children's behavioural and cognitive development in low‐income single‐mother families. Based on the theoretical concepts of father involvement in terms of accessibility, responsibility and interaction, this study operationalizes fathers' involvement with three different measures: (i) fathers' frequency of contact with their children; (ii) fathers' amount of child support payment; and (iii) fathers' quality of parenting. Analyses used the first three waves of longitudinal data from a subsample of single and non‐cohabiting mothers with low income in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Results suggest that non‐resident fathers' child support payment is indirectly associated with both children's behaviour problems and cognitive development. Fathers' parenting is also found to be indirectly associated with children's behaviour problems. The findings further suggest that those estimated associations are transmitted through mothers' parenting. The expected associations between fathers' contact and child outcomes are not found in this sample. The study also discusses the policy and practice implications of its findings.     

Contact visits between foster children and their birth family: the views of foster children,foster parents and social workers

It has been argued that contact visits between foster children and birth parents can help maintain attachment bonds and support the child's development. However, some research suggests that such visits can be detrimental. This study analyses the characteristics of contact visits and examines children's perceptions of the emotional relationship they have with foster carers and their biological parents. Participants were 104 non‐kinship foster children and their respective foster carers and social workers. Fifty‐six of these foster children had contact visits with their birth parents. Foster children rated the quality of their relationship with foster carers and birth parents using the Affect Scale. Foster children, foster carers and social workers all completed the Evaluation of Contact Visits Questionnaire. Results showed that (i) a high proportion of children had no contact visits; (ii) the contact agreement was often not fulfilled; (iii) many visits were rated as poor quality; (iv) foster carers' evaluation of visits was more negative than that of both foster children and social workers; and (v) children who experienced poor‐quality visits and perceived less warmth and more criticism/rejection from their parents. These results highlight the need to improve contact visits by developing intervention strategies targeted at all those involved.     

选举政治中的媒介接触、政治效能感与政治参与——“美国总统大选”实证研究

以“美国国家选举研究中心”发布的总统选举调查数据为样本,分析美国选举政治中政治参与的方式和程度,以及媒介接触、政治效能感与政治参与三者间的联系,探究现代社会中传统媒体与新媒体在政治生活中的不同影响及历时变化。研究发现,特定政治事件的传统媒体接触与内部政治效能感之间存在显著的正相关关系。与此同时,网络媒体接触对于政治效能感的影响在纵向上有所变化。总体而言,在一定程度上,媒介接触、政治效能感与政治参与三者之间呈现显著正相关系。     

A tangled web: parental contact with children in kinship care

Contact between parents and children in care is a contested area. Parental contact is recognized to be important, yet may present protective issues; in the kinship care environment, it brings the particular challenges of complex family relationships. Seeking the parents' perspective in a child protection context is difficult and therefore under‐researched. This paper describes a nested study within an Australian research project on family contact in kinship care in which the perspectives of 18 mothers and 2 fathers were sought via in‐depth interviews. Mothers and fathers described strong feelings of disempowerment in the context both of their family and the child protection system. The relationship between parent and caregiver emerged as a significant issue. All of the parents wished to remain in contact with their children in a meaningful way, whether or not they were likely to resume their children's care; however, contact arrangements presented many difficulties for them. Mothers articulated the need for services that are more empowering and respectful, rather than oriented towards them as failed parents. In order to build appropriate models of support and intervention, we argue for a more inclusive conceptual frame for family life that gives greater recognition to the role of non‐custodial parents in the lives of their children.     

陶弘景对文学的影响

陶弘景是南朝著名道士、学者和文学家,他的学识、品行、风度等对文学的影响丰富而深刻：陶弘景作为道教宗师,通过与当时文人的交往进而影响到他们的生活及文学创作;他所流传的著作特别是搜集整理的道教经典《真诰》在后代文人中广泛流传,成为他们创作取材的重要源泉;由他所开创的道教上清派茅山宗对后世文人生活与创作有着明显的影响。     

字母词对汉语的影响

在汉语中逐渐增加的拉丁字母词,对汉语的文字、语音、词汇、语法和修辞等方面都在发生着影响。增加了新的文字,即拉丁字母;增加了[v]等新的语音及[si]、[ti]、[vi]等语音组合;词汇中出现了大量字母缩略词;语法上用ing词尾表示持续;修辞上把字母用于避讳和摹形。     

现代大学师生关系的多维构建

信息时代和社会经济的迅猛发展对高等人才的培养提出了更高的要求。现代大学是向社会输送高等人才的主要渠道。而高校师生关系在人才培养的过程中起着至关重要的作用。从现代师生关系的现状出发,提出从师生主体间性交往,多样化教学活动和师生文化等多方面着手建立新型的师生关系,更好的促进高等人才的培养。     

采用多种沟通方式做好读者服务工作－浅论高校图书馆与学生读者的沟通

图书馆应注重馆员与读者之间的沟通方式,提高馆员服务水平,力求更好地为读者服务。     

谈“开放式”教学在健美操教学中的应用

从教育学角度看,“开放式”教学是把整个教学活动转变为学生和教师的交往活动,将原有的教学思维以完全解放的方式来作为教学的主要目标和手段,整个课堂几乎都是教师与学生以多种形式的群体活动相互作用下完成的。将开放式教学应用于健美操教学之中,是打破原有健美操教学的内容体系,让教师成为学生的伙伴并可以依赖的朋友。     

Intergroup contact and prejudice in Moroccan and Spanish users of Spanish public libraries: mediating variables and directionality of the process / Contacto intergrupal y prejuicio en usuarios marroquíes y españoles de bibliotecas públicas españolas: variables mediadoras y direccionalidad del proceso

This study tests two serial models of intergroup contact in intergroup relations between users of Spanish public libraries and the directionality of the contact-prejudice relationship. Participants were selected in libraries that meet IFLA Guidelines in Barcelona (N_Spaniards = 138 and N_Moroccans = 89) and libraries that do not meet these guidelines in Almería (N_Spaniards = 116 and N_Moroccans = 100). They responded to a survey about the quantity of intergroup contact, anxiety, ethnocultural empathy, outgroup knowledge and prejudice. Several serial mediation analyses reveal a model where the indirect effect of quantity of contact in the library on prejudice was mediated by intergroup anxiety and ethnocultural empathy in Moroccans in Almería and Spaniards and Moroccans in Barcelona, and it found that the direction of this relationship is from contact to attitudes, but not attitudes to contact. These results show that the mediating power of affective variables is stronger than that of cognitive variables. Explanations about the absence of significant results in Spaniards in the Almería group are provided.