从民汉语言的接触看民汉文化的交流

文章从民汉语言接触中产生的借词入手，探讨分析了民汉文化的交流，进一步印证了不同文化间的交流和相互影响在语言上的反映。     

明清山东方言第一人称代词复数包括式与排除式

明清山东方言中表示第一人称复数的代词有"咱(偺/喒)"、"咱们"、"俺"、"俺们"、"我"和"我们"."咱(偺/喒)"、"咱们"主要用于包括式;"俺"、"俺们"主要用于排除式;"我"和"我们"排除式的用例多于包括式的用例."咱(偺/喒)"、"咱们"与"俺"、"俺们"之间这种包括式和排除式的对立在北宋末期就已经形成,它是汉语自身包括和排除观念表达的需要,是汉语自身词汇和语法发展的必然结果,而宋、金、元时期阿尔泰语对汉语包括式和排除式这一对立的语法范畴的产生和发展起到了催化和巩固的作用.     

Gay officers in their midst: heterosexual police employees' anticipation of the consequences for coworkers who come out

While fear among gay men and lesbians about being out in a masculinist environment is not surprising, this article examines what heterosexuals expect will happen when gay men and lesbians come out. We draw on a unique dataset from a police department in the southwest United States to examine the consequences anticipated by heterosexual police department employees if a gay or lesbian officer's sexual orientation became known in the workplace. We test four main sets of factors: individual-level demographic characteristics and religious background; homophobia; organizational tolerance for discrimination; and intergroup contact theory to explain how heterosexuals expect gay and lesbian coworkers to be treated. Using ordinary least squares regression, we find that characteristics of workplaces, measured by tolerance of discrimination, as well as contact with gay men and lesbians on the job are more significant predictors of anticipated outcomes than are individual-level traits and homophobic attitudes. We conclude by discussing the policy implications of our research.     

Culture and contact in the promotion and reduction of anti-gay prejudice: evidence from Jamaica and Britain

Jamaica has been called "the most homophobic place on Earth" ( Padgett, 2006 , p. 1), and has been involved in numerous international incidents with Britain, and other countries, concerning anti-gay prejudice. However, neither the severity of Jamaican anti-gay prejudice, nor any means of reducing this prejudice has ever been empirically investigated. Intergroup contact-social interaction with a person from another group-is one of the most successful and widely used social-psychological interventions to reduce prejudice and improve intergroup relations. In this article, we compared sexual prejudice in Jamaica to that in Britain and investigated the relationship between contact and sexual prejudice in both countries. Jamaican participants reported more negative attitudes toward gay men than did British participants, but contact was more strongly associated with reduced sexual prejudice for Jamaican participants than for British participants. Implications for reducing Jamaican sexual prejudice are discussed.     

论大学校园交往空间的层次性

在我国教育新形势下 ,新一轮的大学校园环境规划设计已陆续展开 ,针对以往大学校园规划所存在的问题和矛盾 ,提出重视校园交往空间的层次性 ,充分考虑广大师生的行为特点和心理需求 ,从而改善校园环境 ,创建既能满足教学基本职能 ,又能为行为主体 (人 )提供舒适、安全、优美、宜人的多层次的交往空间。     

The Role of Social Contact in the Experience of Discrimination: Implications for Subjective Health Among Marriage Migrant Women in South Korea

Several studies have found that various social contexts could serve a protective role for minorities facing discrimination. One of these contexts is frequency of social contact, which is known to be positively associated with health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of social contact with various social groups as a protective factor against the negative association between perceived discrimination and subjective health. Using data from the 2009 Korean National Survey of Multicultural Families, a total of 27,083 marriage migrant women were analyzed via hierarchical multiple regression. After controlling for socio‐demographic factors and Korean proficiency, the experience of discrimination was found to be significantly associated with lower levels of subjective health (B = ?0.22; P < 0.001). More frequent meetings with one's family of origin (B = 0.02; P < 0.01) and in‐laws (B = 0.06; P < 0.001) were associated with higher levels of subjective health, while more frequent meetings with neighbors were negatively associated (B = ?0.02; P < 0.001). More frequent contact with one's family of origin (B = 0.03; P < 0.05), rather than with other groups, such as friends from their country of origin, in‐laws, and neighbors, seemed to reduce the negative influence of discrimination on subjective health.     

侗语差比句类型及其来源初探

本文首先对侗语中的差比句类型进行了全面描述和划分,包括其形式、句法和语用特征,然后对各形式的出现先后次序及其相互关系进行了初步探讨,鉴别出其固有的差比句形式,同时认为侗语的部分句式是对汉语相同构式吸收和借用的结果。     

《无罪获胜》语言学探微

耶稣会传教士何大化等人于1671年在广州将"诉状"、"康熙圣旨"等12篇与"康熙历案"相关的文书编印成中拉文对照的文集Innocentia Victrix(《无罪获胜》).初看,该文集只是一本"康熙历案"的卷宗.然而,如果以语言学的视角审视全书,那么我们会发现,它实际上是一本来华传教士的专业汉语教材.时代的变迁和政权的更迭,导致了明清官话语音的嬗变,加之"康熙历案"迫使传教士停止了传教活动,客观上使他们有了充裕的时间将注意力集中于学习中国的语言与文化上,从而促使在华耶稣会编辑刊印了这本汉语教科书.此教科书不仅记录了当时的汉语官话语音,而且也反映了17世纪中后期中西语言接触之实况,颇具语言学史料价值.     

《说文解字》人体义域形声字本义与源义关系举隅

文章选取《说文》中6个表示人体名称的形声字,从该字的源义素是声符字的本义和源义、引申义和假借义三个方面,通过声符系联,得出各个字本义与源义之间的关系,力图为科学汉语字源学的建立提供经过系统整理的文献材料和论证阐释的途径。     

新疆维汉中学生的交流与互动——来自乌鲁木齐的实证研究

调查显示,新疆乌鲁木齐中小学民汉合校后,维汉中学生的交往具有广泛性、表面性、多层次性和不平衡性等特点。影响其深层交流与互动的因素主要有制度因素、文化因素、语言因素、心理因素等。针对此积极作为,不断完善制度和克服障碍,相信会有一个较好的发展趋势。