The Influence of Managed Care on Job-Related Attitudes of Social Workers

This study explores the relationships between the levels of conflict that social workers experience when interfacing with managed care organizations and outcome variables including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions. A total of 591 social workers practicing in mental health agencies in New York State completed self-administered and anonymous questionnaire packets that included several measures: Level of conflict that workers experience when interfacing with managed care organizations (CMC), job satisfaction, organizational commitment, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions. Results showed that CMC had statistically significant correlations with organizational commitment and with emotional exhaustion. The author discusses the role of social work schools and agencies in offering new educational opportunities and training in order to improve workers' skills, which are necessary for communicating and negotiating with managed care organizations.     

中学教师工作压力与职业倦怠的成因分析及解决方法

职业倦怠问题是目前中学教师培养乃至于学校发展中所遇到的无法回避的问题之一。研究中学教师的职业倦怠的成因对于解决教师职业倦怠问题,促进教师素质培养和学校发展具有十分重要的意义。文章通过研究和分析教师职业倦怠问题的原因探讨了如何解决教师职业倦怠问题。     

中国大城市出租车服务业改革的目标与策略

出租车行业的许可管制应实行车辆管制模式,即向个人和公司公开拍卖出租车营运证,引入竞争性多元化经营模式。合理设计营运证市场的机制和规则,形成营运证一级市场和二级市场,分别进行拍卖和自由转让。政府则通过控制营运证数量来调节供求和价格。在此基础上,加强行业的培育,发挥行业组织在出租车运营和管理中的作用,政府逐步退出对出租车行业的直接干预。     

黄浦江上游死猪漂浮事件引发的对跨界环境灾害治理的思考

上海与江浙周边地区对跨界环境灾害突发事件的联防联控,不仅事关上海城市民生和社会稳定的大计,还涉及长三角区域环境生态的共同治理保护、区域一体化的制度建设、区域可持续发展等一系列经济、社会、环境生态重大问题的解决。上海应建立跨界环境灾害联防联控的相应组织机构与协调机制,提升针对跨界环境灾害的应对能力,牵头开展长三角环境灾害共同治理的重点专题研究,主动参与源头地区环境灾害的共同治理和共同防范。     

The Origins of Human Sexual Culture

Abstract

There is a series of common assumptions about prehistoric sex, associated with the prejudice that it must have been more natural because it happened closer to our evolutionary origins. The development of primate studies reveals a high degree of social variation between and within primate species, along with evidence for the practice of non-reproductive sex both recreationally and for expressing dominance relations. Yet, hypotheses about the behavior of human ancestors and early modern humans have been hampered by a lack of an integrated methodology. Although there is no single trajectory for either the elaboration or restriction of sexual behaviors after the emergence of culture, I argue here that it is possible to identify key turning points with more or less universal validity. These points include the reasons for and implications of brain size increase at the time of the emergence of genus Homo, the crystallization of impersonal gender by mid-Upper Paleolithic Ice Age societies, the early development of systems of control over both fertility and the projection and alteration of sexual identity, and the inferred emergence of homonegativity in early, reproduction-oriented farming societies. Further, archaeological data allows naturalist assumptions to be effectively refuted.     

The Experience of Nonresidential Stepmothers

Despite the growing body of research examining the experience of stepparents, very little is known about the unique experience of nonresidential stepparents. This research examined the experience of nonresidential stepmothers (N = 10) using semistructured interviews. Thematic content analysis identified 2 principal themes. Those themes were perceived control (with the subtheme of visitation and parenting and financial matters) and psychological and physical well-being. The perceived inability to control parenting practices during periods of visitation and financial matters associated with the payment of child support generated a sense of powerlessness, anger, and resentment that manifested in depression. Implications for family service providers and clinicians working with stepfamilies are discussed.     

Using Photovoice to Empower Youth and Adults to Prevent Crime

Photovoice empowers residents to use photographs to identify neighborhood concerns. Although Photovoice has been used to facilitate dialogue and action among residents to address a variety of issues, including neighborhood crime, it has not been used as part of an intervention to promote collective efficacy. This project integrated Photovoice into a crime-prevention program the goal of which was to facilitate collective efficacy, which. in turn, has been associated with lower levels of neighborhood crime and violence. Twenty-four racially diverse youth and adults participated in a crime-prevention training where Photovoice was used first to identify neighborhood characteristics that participants believed contributed to and alleviated crime, and then to develop a community project. Participants worked together to reuse a highly visible vacant lot to create an inviting neighborhood art and garden space that was open to the whole community. This process facilitated stronger social ties among neighborhood residents, as well as strategies for intervening in neighborhood problems, both of which are important components of collective efficacy.     

Impulsivity and pathological gambling across depressive versus bipolar disorders

Impulsivity has been implicated in the development of pathological gambling (PG); sensation seeking and urgency in particular have predicted gambling pathology in undergraduate and psychiatric samples. In light of the relevance of both depressed and elevated mood to impulsivity and gambling, the components of impulsivity associated with PG across mood disorders warrants investigation. The aim of the current investigation was to examine the association between impulsivity and gambling pathology severity across depressive versus bipolar disorders. A total of 275 participants with lifetime depressive or bipolar disorder completed measures of impulsivity and gambling. Urgency was consistently associated with gambling pathology indicators; lack of perseverance was specifically associated with gambling pathology within participants with depressive disorders. Reckless action during negative mood is associated with gambling pathology across mood disorders, whereas difficulty remaining focused is associated with PG solely within depressive disorders. Impulsivity and affective comorbidity may inform current understanding of PG.     

高校教师组织支持、组织承诺与工作绩效关系实证研究

提高教师对高校组织的忠诚度与爱岗敬业精神,引导他们表现可靠的组织行为,促进教学与科研水平、提升教育质量和效益、培养高素质人才,已成为各高校管理人员必须关注的问题。通过文献研究总结,以人力资源管理及组织行为学的相关理论为背景,采用实地访谈和问卷调查的实证研究方法,对高校教师组织支持、组织承诺及工作绩效的内容、结构和关系、影响因素进行研究,建立了三者之间总体关系模型,揭示了相互影响关系。对高校的人才培养及科研工作、高校的人事制度改革、人力资源管理有重大的理论和实践意义。     

企业建立防治职场性骚扰机制的现实需求与对策

本课题项目组通过实证调研和文献比较,发现企业建立防治职场性骚扰机制有现实需求。在国家立法确立用人单位防止性骚扰义务之后,企业性骚扰防治机制的推广并不顺利。因为此项义务规定过于笼统而难以落实,职场性骚扰定义的缺位导致认定难,保护对象限于女性的褊狭令部分男性对防治职场性骚扰持消极态度,受害人多数不愿选择向主管投诉或向法院起诉,知情人不愿作证。基于此,有必要从立法模式及其理念、具体制度设计方面提出建立防治职场性骚扰机制的对策,以供在相关立法及决策时有所参考。