陕西新型农村合作医疗制度的实证分析

本文利用抽样调查的实证方法,从农户的医疗费用、所遇到的疾病风险和农民获益情况几个方面,具体考察了陕西新型农村合作医疗的运行状况。研究表明,陕西农民对于新型合作医疗有很强的需求,陕西农民的参合率很高,参加新型农村合作医疗制度有助于农民就医。但是,农民对新型农村合作医疗的认知与政府的预期也存在一定差距,经济困难仍然是影响陕西贫困农民不能有效利用卫生资源的主要原因。     

社区服务型居家养老的社会支持系统研究

我国是一个农业大国,农村老年人口占总人口的比例较高。随着我国人口老龄化趋势的加剧,农村养老问题日益突出。社区服务型居家养老符合农村实际情况,是解决农村养老问题的有效途径。居家养老需要来自社区、政府、社会等诸多方面的、比较完备的社会支持。目前,我国正在积极倡导新农村建设,在这一有利契机下,我们要将社区服务型居家养老与新农村建设有效结合,通过新农村建设要为农村居家养老提供相关的社会支持,并逐步建立农村居家养老的社会支持系统,促进农村居家养老的实现。     

沈从文、萧红乡土“抒情”小说创作比较

沈从文和萧红的抒情小说创作在现代文学史上独立新帜,又有各自的特点。作为抒情小说,他们的作品都具有浓郁的抒情性,淡化冲突和情节,并且放慢了叙事节奏。但在沈从文的笔下,我们更多的看到的是人性美好的一面,而萧红笔下的世界则让人触目惊心,这点也表现在了人物形象的塑造上。在作品中流露的情感,沈从文的显得平和、从容、含蓄,而萧红作品中的情感则激烈、外露一些,他们对笔下世界的不同情感关照同时也表现在景物的描写上。虽然有这许多不同,但两人的作品都贯穿着现代乡村的“常”与“变”。      

从中西称谓语看其文化内涵

在汉语和西方语言中,称谓语的使用有极大的不同。在亲属称谓方面,汉语比西语更加细化,不但讲究礼数,区分谦辞和敬辞,还区分直旁系远近亲等。在社会称谓方面,汉语的表达方式也更加丰富。造成这种差异的原因主要可以归结为中西不同的历史、观念和宗教信仰。只有掌握其文化内涵,才能正确理解和使用两种语言中的称谓语,从而顺利完成跨文化交际。     

家庭状况对残疾人服务模式选择的影响

利用2009年北京市残疾人服务需求状况调查数据,以1 198名残疾人为研究对象,采用Logistic Regression模型进行逐步回归,研究了残疾人的家庭状况对其服务模式选择的影响。研究发现,家庭特征、照料资源、家庭及社区环境等因素对残疾人的服务模式选择有重要影响:残疾人多乐于选择居家服务;由子女/孙子女和配偶照料的残疾人选择机构托养服务的较少;社区服务设施状况越好,残疾人越乐于利用社区服务。     

公共政策视阈下政府购买居家养老服务研究

在人口老龄化问题日益凸显的中国,养老问题引起各界的关注,一些地方政府尝试推行购买居家养老服务作为政府公共服务供给的重要方式之一。通过对上海市政府实行购买居家养老服务的政策问题界定、政策内容、政策组织机制以及政策执行状况进行分析可以发现,目前政府购买居家养老服务的制度建设有待加强,应由原来的政策层面上升至制度层面,从而推动政府购买居家养老服务的持续稳定发展。     

Overcoming the ‘tyranny of the urgent’: integrating gender into disease outbreak preparedness and response

ABSTRACT

This article contributes to discussions on the gender dimensions of disease outbreaks, and preparedness policies and responses, by providing a multi-level analysis of gender-related gaps, particularly illustrating how the failure to challenge gender assumptions and incorporate gender as a priority at the global level has national and local impacts. The implications of neglecting gender dynamics, as well as the potential of equity-based approaches to disease outbreak responses, is illustrated through a case study of the Social Enterprise Network for Development (SEND) Sierra Leone, a non-government organisation (NGO) based in Kailahun, during the Ebola outbreak.     

How Employed Mothers in Australia Find Time for Both Market Work and Childcare

Time use studies find that employed mothers reduce their parental childcare time by much less than an hour for every hour they spend in market work. This paper uses data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Time Use Survey 1997 (4,059 randomly selected households) to investigate how employed mothers manage to avoid a one-for-one trade-off between work and childcare. It compares the time allocation of employed fathers, employed mothers and non-employed mothers and finds that parents use non-parental childcare to reschedule as well as to replace their own childcare, that employed mothers reschedule activities from weekdays to weekends or to earlier or later in the day, and spend less time than other mothers in housework, childfree leisure and personal care.

Pregnancy after loss during the COVID19 pandemic

BackgroundRapid changes to how maternity health care is delivered has occurred in many countries across the globe in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Maternity care provisions have been challenged attempting to balance the needs and safety of pregnant women and their care providers. Women experiencing a pregnancy after loss (PAL) during these times face particularly difficult circumstances.AimIn this paper we highlight the situation in three high income countries (Australia, Ireland and USA) and point to the need to remember the unique and challenging circumstances of these PAL families. We suggest new practices may be deviating from established evidence-based guidelines and outline the potential ramifications of these changes.FindingsRecommendations for health care providers are suggested to bridge the gap between the necessary safety requirements due to the pandemic, the role of the health care provider, and the needs of families experiencing a pregnancy after loss.DiscussionChanges to practices i.e. limiting the number of antenatal appointments and access to a support person may have detrimental effects on both mother, baby, and their family. However, new guidelines in maternity care practices developed to account for the pandemic have not necessarily considered women experiencing pregnancy after loss.ConclusionBereaved mothers and their families experiencing a pregnancy after loss should continue to be supported during the COVID-19 pandemic to limit unintended consequences.