Disabled people,choices and collective organisation: examining the potential of cooperatives in future social support

Major shifts in funding, demography, personal expectations and the rise of a global disabled people’s movement require new and creative solutions to the choices and rights agenda into the twenty-first century. Direct payments and the individual employment of personal assistants is one clear and recognised path to independent living. However, there have been some reservations about the nature, process and impact of the broader personalisation agenda more generally within which direct payments and personal budgets are located. Some commentators point to the loss of the collective impulse in personalised approaches – ideas that were central to the development of the independent living movement and its founding principles. Some countries have seen the rise of collective responses to direct payment developments. This is explicable in terms of a suspicion of individualist underpinnings of personalisation coupled with a collective vision of social life. This article is based on an exploratory study of collective approaches in the field of direct payments where choice and social solidarity are being combined. Drawing on developments in Sweden, England and Wales, the article aims to inform possible future debates about direct payments and cooperative approaches and argues that greater user-control is not inimical to enhanced collective action.     

群体性事件网络助燃作用研究

关系复杂化、媒体迎合化、网民偏激化是群体性事件网络助燃的主要因素;数量逻辑、见证逻辑、损害逻辑是群体性事件网络助燃的主要逻辑;“倒置”式、“闪爆”式、“混搭”式是群体性事件网络助燃的主要模式。依法治理网络谣言、重塑媒体责任担当、引导网络舆论推进改革是群体性事件网络阻燃的可行机制。     

工程更改研究进展

在产品的生命周期里,多元化的客户需求、生产制造技术工艺的改进等,不断对企业提出新设计更改的要求。在 现有的产品设计信息基础上对产品进行工程更改,是满足复杂多变的市场的重要方法。在研读国内外文献基础上,根据 工程更改中的研究对象不同,从工程更改的过程管理和更改传播技术2个方面对工程更改理论进行归纳概括。从工程 更改的定义、原因、管理原则、产品的生命周期和计算机支持下环境的更改管理系统、更改机制、更改经验,利用零部件间 参数关系、多层网络模型和设计结构矩阵等更改传播的技术等多方面总结了工程更改的理论研究。最后提出未来工程 更改的研究重点是更改管理系统和传播技术与实际应用的结合,在不断应用过程中完善理论。     

利用网络热点事件引导大学生养成良好社会心态

随着网络和网络媒体的发展,当代大学生对社会热点事件的关注度和参与度与日俱增。网络热点事件反映的社会现象和折射的社会问题对即将步入社会的大学生来说具有重要的引导作用,对其社会心态的形成具有重要的影响。高校思想政治工作应引导大学生正确运用网络技术,提高信息分析能力;正确看待社会转型期的各种问题;不断推进思想政治教育现代化发展。同时,国家应积极引导网络媒体,净化网络舆论空间,为大学生成长提供健康的网络环境。     

度假旅游与旅游者生活质量关系研究

以社会需要理论、比较理论、基点理论等为基础,通过前—后测实验设计,运用纵向研究方法,探讨了度假旅游对旅游者生活质量的影响,明确了度假旅游与旅游者生活质量的因果关系。结果表明,度假旅游是度假旅游参与者生活质量提高的原因,参与度假旅游能提升人们的生活质量,度假旅游者较非度假旅游者有更高的生活满意度与幸福感。最后,提出了相关建议。     

于右任新闻思想浅议

于右任是中国近代著名报人,他的新闻思想具体包括:报纸兼具革命喉舌与民众喉舌的双重功能观,首重社评的言论观,德才兼备的新闻人才观。在新闻业务方面,于右任认为报纸要重视记者队伍的建设、重视外电翻译与国际新闻报道、重视报纸的经济属性、要有丰富多样的专栏形式。     

开发区发展阶段识别及差异化调控对策研究——以湖南省为例

在文献回顾及相关专家访谈基础上,提出开发区成长指数、成长速度、成长累积的概念,并设计出计算方法,以此对湖南省开发区发展阶段及调控对策进行实证研究。首先划定几个临界值识别开发区发展阶段;然后说明湖南开发区发展呈现的明显的不均匀性;最后基于不同发展阶段特征提出相关差异化调控对策。     

On reflexivity and the conduct of the self in everyday life: reflections on Bourdieu and Archer

This article provides a critique of the concept of reflexivity in social theory today and argues against the tendency to define agency exclusively in terms of reflexivity. Margaret Archer, in particular, is highlighted as a key proponent of this thesis. Archer argues that late modernity is characterized by reflexivity but, in our view, this position neglects the impact of more enduring aspects of agency, such as the routinization of social life and the role of the taken‐for‐granted. These concepts were pivotal to Bourdieu and Giddens' theorization of everyday life and action and to Foucault's understanding of technologies of the self. We offer Bourdieu's habitus as a more nuanced approach to theorizing agency, and provide an alternative account of reflexivity. Whilst accepting that reflexivity is a core aspect of agency, we argue that it operates to a backdrop of the routinization of social life and operates from within and not outside of habitus. We highlight the role of the breach in reflexivity, suggesting that it opens up a critical window for agents to initiate change. The article suggests caution in over‐ascribing reflexivity to agency, instead arguing that achieving reflexivity and change is a difficult and fraught process, which has emotional and moral consequences. The effect of this is that people often prefer the status quo, rather than to risk change and uncertainty.     

Likelihood analysis for a class of beta mixed models

Beta regression is a suitable choice for modelling continuous response variables taking values on the unit interval. Data structures such as hierarchical, repeated measures and longitudinal typically induce extra variability and/or dependence and can be accounted for by the inclusion of random effects. In this sense, Statistical inference typically requires numerical methods, possibly combined with sampling algorithms. A class of Beta mixed models is adopted for the analysis of two real problems with grouped data structures. We focus on likelihood inference and describe the implemented algorithms. The first is a study on the life quality index of industry workers with data collected according to an hierarchical sampling scheme. The second is a study assessing the impact of hydroelectric power plants upon measures of water quality indexes up, downstream and at the reservoirs of the dammed rivers, with a nested and longitudinal data structure. Results from different algorithms are reported for comparison including from data-cloning, an alternative to numerical approximations which also allows assessing identifiability. Confidence intervals based on profiled likelihoods are compared with those obtained by asymptotic quadratic approximations, showing relevant differences for parameters related to the random effects. In both cases, the scientific hypothesis of interest was investigated by comparing alternative models, leading to relevant interpretations of the results within each context.     

Joint modelling of longitudinal biomarker and gap time between recurrent events: copula-based dependence

In this paper, we will extend the joint model of longitudinal biomarker and recurrent event via copula function for accounting the dependence between the two processes. The general idea of joining separate processes by allowing model-specific random effect may come from different families distribution. It is a main advantage of the proposed method that a copula construction does not constrain the choice of marginal distributions of random effects. A maximum likelihood estimation with importance sampling technique as a simple and easy understanding method is employed to model inference. To evaluate and verify the validation of the proposed joint model, a bootstrapping method as a model-based resampling is developed. Our proposed joint model is also applied to pemphigus disease data for assessing the effect of biomarker trajectory on risk of recurrence.