It’s an absolute nightmare: maternal experiences of enrolling children diagnosed with autism in primary school in Sydney,Australia

In this article I analyse maternal narratives of informal school exclusion at the point of transition into primary school in Sydney, Australia. The common thread that connects these narratives is the experience of stigma. Some scholars have argued that the link between stigma and disability is weakening. The material presented here, drawn from interviews with 22 mothers of children with autism, gives a picture of the continuing pervasive stigmatisation of children with autism and their mothers, as well as a systemic failure of all sectors of the education system in Australia to meet the promises of policies of school inclusion.     

An Ecological Systems Comparison Between Homeless Sexual Minority Youths and Homeless Heterosexual Youths

ABSTRACT

This study examined risk and protective outcomes by comparing homeless sexual minority youths to heterosexual homeless youths regarding family, peer behaviors, school, mental health, stigma, discrimination, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors. Structured interviews (N = 147) were conducted with individuals aged 16 to 24 years old in Toronto. Bivariate analyses indicated statistically significant differences between homeless sexual minorities (n = 66) and their heterosexual counterparts (n = 81) regarding all variables: family, peer behaviors, stigma, discrimination, mental health, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors, with the exception of school belonging. Implications for future research are suggested.     

Perceptions of Substance Abuse on College Campuses: Proximity to the Problem,Stigma, and Health Promotion

For college students recovering from substance addiction, the path to sobriety is fraught with challenges. Many campuses offer recovery support resources, but students indicate stigma associated with recovery prevents them from using these services. This problem could be ameliorated through communication campaigns addressing misperceptions of substance abuse and recovery. The purpose of this study was to understand how students’ perceptions of addiction and recovery vary based on their experience and background. A quantitative survey was employed to examine stigma beliefs among 2 subpopulations of college students at a large Southwestern university. Findings indicate students with exposure to issues surrounding substance abuse and recovery held fewer stigmatized beliefs, emphasizing the importance of identifying and researching a target audience before developing a health promotion campaign.     

Goffman's Interaction Order at the Margins: Stigma,Role, and Normalization in the Outreach Encounter

This article considers Goffman's conceptualization of interaction order at the margins of society in encounters between urban welfare workers and their clients. Observations from these encounters demonstrate practices relating to the situated management of stigma and identity, and the accomplishment of role within these service encounters. A reading of Goffman's theoretical contribution lies in revealing how social actors and social structures are realized in situ within the constraints of the interaction order sui generis. The article discusses three aspects of the outreach encounter, namely, (1) the accomplishment of role and motive, (2) the sequential phases of the outreach encounter, and (3) “the normalization ritual,” and introduces the concept of willful disattention.     

Technically disabled,ill for all practical purposes? Myalgic encephalopathy/chronic fatigue syndrome discourse in Norway

After decades of activism, theorization, and model building, disability remains an undesirable marker of individual identity. Under-reporting of disability on a global scale is at least partly attributable to the stigma attached to disabled identity. Another cause, however, may be the lack of fit between the concept and discourse of disability as they evolve in a political, legislative, and organizational context, and the discourse in which everyday experiences as a disabled person are treated. The article examines discourse about myalgic encephalopathy and chronic fatigue syndrome from the Norwegian public sphere, and discusses the relationship between disability, chronic illness, and identity.     

试论在农业发展新阶段加快培育高素质经营型农民的若干问题

在农业和农村经济发展新阶段 ,新的形势、新的任务与高素质经营型农民偏少的矛盾十分突出。解决这一矛盾 ,需要正确认识高素质经营型农民的本质特点 ,开辟多种途径加快培育步伐 ,并切实创造有利于高素质经营型农民健康成长的良好机制和环境     

黑龙江省口岸交通发展研究

为加快黑龙江省口岸交通基础设施建设,提升中国对俄罗斯的贸易发展。通过相关资料分析黑龙江省与俄罗斯经济贸易的现状和问题,分析认为,当前黑龙江省口岸交通发展的重点口岸是黑河和同江,次重点口岸是绥芬河、东宁、抚远、饶河、富锦、萝北、密山、虎林和漠河;黑龙江省口岸交通基础设施建设的重点为:提高口岸公路技术等级、推进界河大桥建设、加强重点港口基础设施建设、完善边境口岸运输站场设施。     

An emotion-based model of risk perception and stigma susceptibility: cognitive appraisals of emotion, affective reactivity, worldviews, and risk perceptions in the generation of technological stigma.

A study (N=198) was conducted to examine hypotheses derived from an emotion-based model of stigma responses to radiation sources. A model of stigma susceptibility is proposed in which affective reactions and cognitive worldviews activate predispositions to appraise and experience events in systematic ways that result in the generation of negative emotion, risk perceptions, and stigma responses. Results of structural equation modeling supported the hypotheses. Radiation sources that scored higher on a measure of stigma were included in the analyses (i.e., nuclear power plants, radioactive waste from nuclear power plants, radiation from nuclear weapons testing). Individual differences in negative reactivity and worldviews were associated with the strength of emotional appraisals that were associated, in turn, with negative emotion toward stigmatized radiation sources. As hypothesized, the model fit better with perceived risk as a function of negative emotion rather than vice versa. Finally, a measure of stigma was associated with negative emotion and, to a lesser extent, with risk perceptions. Risk communication about stigmatized objects may benefit from a more complete understanding of how affective and emotional reactions are constructed and the routes through which they affect responses and behaviors.     

论日本公共营造物致人损害赔偿制度

1947年10月27日,日本颁布了国家赔偿法,而该法第2条确立了现行的公共营造物致人损害赔偿制度。此后,日本司法部门通过一系列的判例逐步确立了完整的相关赔偿制度的理论体系,尤其是围绕着赔偿责任的构成要件———存在设置或管理的瑕疵,建立了较为详细而系统的判断标准。