亲属法伦理本质的人性之维——由婚姻法司法解释（三）引发的思考

《婚姻法解释(三)》出台至今,备受争议,而对亲属法的定性及其深层阐释则是解决此问题的前提。亲属法的正当性问题体现为其定性问题。无论从"形式"与"实质"这一范畴还是从亲属法的正当性这一角度来进行思考和认定其定性问题,伦理本质都是对亲属法性质的当然回答。从历时性角度研究亲属法伦理本质的关键在于厘清人性是亲属法与其伦理的共同的、原初的出发点和对象。人性涵盖"人的动物性"和"人的特性"两重性,统摄人的生理需要和精神需要两层次,这些构造因素经由道德评价机制转化为婚姻家庭伦理,再同构化为亲属法规范。     

Marital decision-making and the timing of first birth in rural China before the 1990s

Using a sample of couples drawn from the three provinces of Guangdong, Shandong, and Shaanxi, we investigated whether couples’ increasing freedom to choose whom to marry influenced the timing of first birth in rural China during the four decades before the 1990s. The shortening of first-birth intervals in the period is found to be associated with the shift from arranged to free-choice marriages. The association is attributed largely to increased intimacy and coital frequency after marriage together with postponement of age at first marriage.     

中国老年人的居住方式与其婚姻状况的关系分析

基于追踪调查数据,运用随机效应Probit模型分析老年人的居住方式与其婚姻状况的关系及其在不同性别和不同年龄段上的差异。研究发现,丧偶对老年人的居住方式存在显著影响,老年人在丧偶后更可能与子女同住。然而,在控制配偶照顾因素后,丧偶对老年人居住方式的影响却大幅下降。从性别和年龄上来看,丧偶对女性老年人居住方式的影响大于男性老年人,对高龄老年人的影响大于低龄老年人。同时,研究还发现,在控制人口特征、社会经济以及健康状况变量之后,未观测到的个体异质性对老年人居住方式存在显著影响。     

Family separation and the impacts on refugee settlement in Australia

In recent years, governments, researchers, non‐government organisations, service providers and international institutions have become increasingly concerned with how to best support the settlement of refugees in UNHCR resettlement nations. Anxieties about the formation of a refugee underclass and the intergenerational impacts of social stratification motivate such inquiries. Settlement is often viewed through either of two lenses; the biomedical frame or the social inclusion frame. These frameworks are complementary rather than exclusive. It is from this combined theoretical perspective that this paper explores the impacts of family separation on the settlement of refugees in Australia. Drawing on focus groups and in‐depth interviews across three refugee background communities in metropolitan Melbourne, the paper finds that family separation has pervasive impacts on the wellbeing of the participants and on their capacity to participate and direct their own futures. Family separation is found to be a barrier to settlement and therefore a crucial consideration for the design and provision of settlement services to people with refugee backgrounds.     

农村集体资产产权制度改革——以云南大理市8个试点村为例

运用访谈的方法,通过对云南省大理市8个农村集体资产股份权能改革试点村进行实地调查研究,重点回答了集体资产产权制度改革“如何改”以及“改革后如何实现集体经济的可持续发展”问题。研究发现,大理市实施各项改革任务中坚持原则性与灵活性相结合,具体改革经验为：坚持不打破原组织界限的原则,在组、自然村、村三级各自建立股份经济合作社;清产核资采用原值评估方法;成员资格界定坚持承认历史,照顾现实的原则;股权设置特别是贡献股的设置因村制宜,并非整齐划一;股权管理模式选择不一,静态管理更有利于赋予完整的产权权能;在集体经济组织的管理体制上,条件成熟的地方优先探索政社分离。改革后,新型集体经济组织根据不同的资产类型采用不同的经营方法发展集体经济。集体经济收益有所提高,但若没有发展产业,集体经济增长的空间不大,还需进一步探索集体经济可持续发展的路子。     

论高校课程考核改革与人才培养

课程考核作为检验人才培养效果的一种重要手段,其科学性、合理性、准确性正逐渐受到人们的关注。通过对测绘人才需求和测绘专业课程性质的分析,从教学方法、教学手段、课程体系、人才培养模式等方面对现行课程考核模式进行了优化,制定了较为合理的具有测绘专业特色的考核方法。     

论夫妻侵权责任在我国的法律适用

婚内侵权因具有违法性,应在法律上予以禁止。夫妻一方因过错侵权损害另一方合法权益的,应承担相应的民事责任。我国现行《婚姻法》针对夫妻侵权,规定了离婚损害赔偿制度,然而离婚这一高昂的代价使得很多受害配偶在主张自身权利时止步,单纯的离婚损害赔偿制度已经越来越力不从心。夫妻侵权责任制度的建立势在必行。有鉴于此,文章在借鉴国外相关立法的基础上,结合我国婚姻领域的法制现状,从夫妻侵权责任的适用、夫妻侵权责任的承担等方面对其进行设计。     

刑事诉权:概念、特征与制度基础辨析

与民事诉权相比,刑事诉权除具有平等性、法定性等与民事诉权相同的属性之外,还具有主体的多样性、内容的丰富性、行使的阶段性、分类的特殊性和处分的有限性五个特点。刑事诉权产生的前提是当事人具有诉的利益,其行使的基础是控审分离制度,其行使的界域是诉因。     

"Couples as Partners and Parents over Children's Early Years"

We used data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to examine how couple relationship quality and parental engagement are linked over children's early years-when they are infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Our sample included 1,630 couples that were coresident over years 1 to 3 and 1,376 couples that were coresident over years 3 to 5 (1,196 over both periods). Overall, we found that better relationship quality predicted greater parental engagement for both mothers and fathers-especially in the infant to toddler years; in contrast, we found little evidence that parental engagement predicted future relationship quality. Married and cohabiting couples were generally similar in how relationship quality and parenting were linked.