‘The sinking cenotaph’: Jack Mapanje’s and Steve Chimombo’s contestation of monumentalised nationalist public memories of Malawi’s President Banda

This article discusses Jack Mapanje’s and Steve Chimombo’s contestations of the constitution and monumentalisation of nationalist public memories of former and first president of Malawi, Dr H.K. Banda. After more than a decade since the end of his rule as life president in 1994 and his demise in 1997, the Malawi government has constituted and monumentalised memories of Banda in Malawi through a monumental mausoleum on his grave and a statue in the capital city, Lilongwe. While others have hailed these monuments as fitting tributes for the ‘founding father’ and ‘nationalist hero’ of the nation, Mapanje and Chimombo contest such public monumentalisation of Banda’s reign in Malawi in their poetry, suggesting that Banda was a dictator undeserving of such posthumous memorialisation. They also suggest that the narratives constituted in the monuments do not represent the interests of the victims of his dictatorship. This article argues that such contestations challenge the constitution of nationalist memories of postcolonial African nations through leaders who instituted totalitarian rule.     

城市记忆与文化遗产——工业遗产保护下的中国工人村

本文论述了工业遗产保护与城市发展之间的关系.沈阳市铁西区工人村始建于1952年,这里居住着三代工人,他们都是老工业基地的缔造者.他们经历了工人阶级的辉煌、改革的阵痛、反思后的腾飞,他们的生活就是东北老工业基地发展历程的缩影,他们的“工人精神”更是这座老城发展的精神内核.工业遗产的保护不仅仅是将冷冰冰的机器、厂矿封存起来,而是将一座工业城市发展的历史展现出来,是将使这些冰冷机器喷发火光的工人阶级的生活展现出来.这才是这座城市发展的历史,同时也是这座城市发展的动力.     

网络文化提升城市认同的路径探析

城市认同感体现着城市对于主体的凝聚力、感召力和吸引力,是城市文化和城市软实力建设的重要维度。网络媒介作为一种强势崛起的新的文化范式和传播范式,在城市认同感的构建中具有不可忽视的重要地位。要加强对于网络文化提升城市认同的路径和机制的研究,充分发挥网络文化在时间、空间、符号、仪式、共同体等维度对于城市认同的构建作用,促进网络所形构的城市记忆、城市地方感、城市符号、城市媒介仪式、城市共同体想象,增强网络主体与城市之间的情感、记忆和审美等纽带联结,使网络媒介成为构建城市认同、增进城市文化魅力和文化软实力影响效果的有效途径和方式。     

“残缺的爱”——《喜福会》“创伤性记忆”的心理学解读

《喜福会》中人物的“创伤性记忆”贯穿小说始终,不同程度地影响甚至决定了人物的行为模式及命运归宿.从精神分析心理学角度解读小说中四对母女的“创伤性记忆”及其应对机制,并注解了人物的行为模式:她们施与彼此的爱是“残缺的爱”.同时,深层次挖掘了人物“创伤性记忆”投射出的隐喻内涵:人物的创伤体验影射了在文化夹缝中生存的华人群体的“集体创伤性记忆”;也进一步升华出小说这种文学再创作形式也是作者谭恩美人生伤痛的再现与治疗过程.     

Childhood Gender Nonconformity and Children’s Past-Life Memories

Abstract

Objectives: This study examines childhood gender nonconformity (GNC) in conjunction with the phenomenon in which young children describe memories of a purported previous life. Methods: In a case-control study of 469 children reporting past-life memories, we used logistic regression to examine predictors of GNC, measured by documented gender nonconforming behaviors. Results: Children who remembered a life involving a different natal sex were much more likely to exhibit GNC than children who remembered a same-sex life. Conclusions: After exploring potential explanations, we conclude that past-life memories represent a novel factor that may be associated with the development of GNC.     

The Frequency of False Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse: A Critical Review

The rate of false allegations has been a topic of research spanning back to as early as the 1970s. Studies have often relied on data gathered by Child Protective Services workers and court administrators. Some researchers have also used hypothetical scenarios to estimate rates. However, given the plethora of sampling methods, there is a large variation in estimated rates of false allegations of sexual abuse depending on the data source and context of the allegation. Additionally, methodological problems such as unclear or invalid criteria used to judge truth or falsity of an allegation, unrepresentative samples, and ignoring important contextual variables such as the stage at which an allegation is made, currently all render the determination of actual rates of false child sexual abuse allegations to be unknown. This examination of literature is intended to gain a firmer understanding of the frequency at which allegations are false and during which stage of prosecution they occur, thus assisting with the legal practice of distinguishing between a false versus positive allegation. Research reviewed supports two general conclusions: (a) the vast majority of allegations are true but (b) false allegations do occur at some non-negligible rate. Suggestions for future research, as well as cautions about claims about specific rates of false allegations in the courtroom, are provided.     

Men,spinal cord injury,memories and the narrative performance of pain

This article draws upon data generated from life history interviews with a small group of men who had experienced spinal cord injury (SCI) through playing sport and defined themselves as disabled. By focusing on the initial acute phase of rehabilitation following SCI their autobiographical memories of pain are explored in relation to the narratives constructed by the participants some years after the event had taken place. Attention is given to the themes of unspeakable pain, naming pain, welcomed pain, hidden pain and locked in pain. The analysis highlights the contextual nature of this phenomenon and the narrative resources that are drawn upon by individuals to give meaning to pain over time.     

EMDR、适应性信息加工与个案概念化(上)

EMDR是一个整合性的、以咨客为中心的心理治疗方法,它着重于大脑的信息加工系统、烦扰经历的记忆,这些病理学基础不是由器质性的损伤导致的。EMDR强调对临床情境有作用的经历,和那些需要带领咨客达到更健康的心理状态的经历。EMDR作为以经验为主的支持治疗,本文综述其历史、发展和研究,在阐述适应性信息加工模型之后,用一个延续的个案实例来说明了EMDR的个案概念化和8个阶段的治疗。这个方法用于加工那些建立病理学基础的和触发当前功能失调的早期记忆,并为将来恰当的行为提供模板,包括克服技能和(或)发展性的不足所需的知识与行为。整合的EMDR与家庭系统观点的好处是可以提供最综合的治疗效果。     

文化研究与感情记忆 ——— “方法日本”的“方法”批判

文章以松冈正刚的《方法日本——幻影、推移的文化》一书为例,对近年日本文化研究中＂方法日本＂这一学术取向进行了介绍分析,并围绕＂方法＂一词,从历史意识与感情记忆的角度展开了反思与批判。以牺牲历时性鲜活事件为主要特色的符号论式的研究,隐含着将历史的牺牲、历史的遗忘转化成一种无主体的自动生成式文化惯习的危险,因此,所谓的＂方法＂实质上是一种有主体的政治选择。