A transient presence: black visitors and sojourners in Imperial Germany, 1884–1914

The onset of German colonial rule in Africa brought increasing numbers of black men and women to Germany. Pre-1914 the vast majority of these Africans can best be described as visitors or sojourners and the black population as a whole was a transient one. This makes recovering their presence in the archival record exceptionally difficult and it is not surprising that the existing historiography is dominated by biographies of well-documented lives. Through utilising a number of recently digitised archival materials, particularly the Hamburg Passenger Lists, this article draws upon a database with information on 1094 individuals from sub-Saharan Africa who spent time in Germany over the period 1884–1914 in order to widen our understanding of the black presence as a whole. It offers new insights and detail into the composition and character of this fluid population – where visitors came from, why they came to Germany, their age on arrival – as well as more accurate information on the temporal and spatial distribution of African visitors.     

Client Satisfaction with Live-In and Live-Out Home Care Workers in Israel

Abstract

In an era of globalization where the migration of long-term care workers is common, foreign live-in home care workers can compensate for the unavailability of family members and, perhaps, even substitute for institutional care in the provision of long-term care services to disabled older persons.

This study examines differences in home care satisfaction between disabled older persons in Israel with “live-in” home care workers and those with “live-out” workers, and explores some differences in socio-demographic and personal characteristics between these two groups. Face-to-face interviews were held with a random sample of 93 older persons in Beer-Sheva.

Older persons with live-in home care workers were more satisfied with their home care service than those with live-out workers. Those with live-in workers were more severely disabled, tended not to have any children living in close proximity, although an adult child was available as an informal caregiver. Communication difficulties between the elderly persons and their home care workers were found not to affect negatively the satisfaction with the service.     

Jewish and Muslim Married Women Don't Work

ABSTRACT

This article sets out to locate the place and meaning of work within the lives of migrant wives by examining the experiences of two migrant waves into Britain: Eastern European Jews from Russia, Russia/Poland, and Romania at the end of the nineteenth and early years of the twentieth centuries; and Muslim Bangladeshis during the latter decades of the twentieth and dawn of the twenty-first centuries. Using a cultural and religious framework, it explores the reality of life for women whose traditional role has been perceived solely as that of homemaker. However, research has shown that in the case of both groups, economic activities were carried out within and beyond the home. Going behind the “veil,” it reveals the various means employed by women who sought to sustain the household at times of hardship, even if this involved contravening the wishes of spouses and in-laws. Finally, the article highlights the recent changes that have taken place in the economic lives of Bangladeshi and Pakistani women who are seeking to empower themselves by moving into the economic mainstream.     

“Home” for Now or “Home” for Good?

ABSTRACT

This article explores accommodation experiences of East Europeans in London. Based on in-depth interviews with recent Polish and Lithuanian migrants it highlights a range of accommodation strategies that they exercise living in London. The article argues that instead of being passive users of the housing services in the immigration country, East European migrants skillfully manipulate the British housing market in order to achieve maximum benefit from the limited housing options available them. In this way, the article reflects on the dilemmas of making “home” and contributes to the theoretical refinement of the concept of “home” in the context of temporary accommodation.     

少数民族地区水利水电工程移民问题探讨

西部少数民族地区是我国水利水电开发的重点区域。少数民族地区移民的特殊性对移民安置的实施提出了挑战。综合利用文献和田野经验,在梳理少数民族地区移民安置主要研究领域的同时,分析了研究的前沿科学问题。已有研究主要围绕少数民族地区移民的搬迁补偿、移民安置、移民适应、移民融合等问题。后续研究中,需要关注少数民族人地关系与生计、少数民族宗教信仰与文化习俗及其恢复补偿、少数民族移民可持续发展研究等。     

“断裂”与“重构”：资本转换视角下水库移民的精准脱贫

以南水北调外迁移民安置区“平凡的”SW新村为例探索水库移民群体精准脱贫之路,研究发现资本转换路径通畅与否是移民群体精准脱贫的关键,主要体现在搬迁之初移民群体次生贫困和介入性贫困问题难以解决是由生计交换子系统脆弱性与生计断裂共存以致移民群体资本转换路径受阻引起。SW新村以8年时间实现精准脱贫的关键同样在于多方努力下资本转换路径的重构：通过自然交换升级打破传统农业路径依赖;政府提供市场转换条件实现人力资本、自然资本得以向物质资本转换;社会交换挖掘移民传统文化中优势文化资本清除文化资本向社会资本转换的障碍;运行良好的资本转换活动“倒逼”制度分离的“交换层面”被打破,形成微观与宏观互动良性循环。     

中国工程外迁移民置换安置模式的审视——以江苏省大丰市移民安置点为个案

本文以三峡外迁移民安置试点单位大丰市为个案,在前文分析的基础上,从外在条件制约、旧房纠纷、跟踪监督机制、移民对象要求等方面,对“选购旧房安居、置换土地生产”的安置模式作了认真的检讨,以使我们在认识和运用置换安置模式时有一清醒的头脑。     

农民工医疗保险:从国外经验谈我国政府责任的强化

农民工处于城乡二元分割体制的夹缝中,得不到最基本的医疗保障,不仅被城市医疗保障体系拒之门外,而且在实际操作上又不为新型农村合作医疗所接受。农民工医疗保障制度缺失凸显政府在促进社会公平、提供公共服务方面的“缺位”和“不到位”。促进社会公平、保障基本公共服务均等化是市场经济条件下当今政府的首要职责,也是各级政府职能部门增进服务意识,提高服务能力的工作重点所在。因此,在为农民工建构医疗保险制度过程中,首先应当澄清认识误区,明确政府的责任定位,在此前提下,对构建农民工医疗保险制度中的政府责任做如下定位：立法责任、制度责任、财政责任、组织责任、监督责任,并提出相应的对策建议。     

社会和谐与农民工社会保障问题

为农民工提供可靠的社会保障,才能不断促进农村剩余劳动力向城市转移,才能带来我国生产力的持续发展和社会的稳定和谐;隐藏在农民工社会保障问题背后的根源,有六大矛盾;建议采取建立农村劳务输出公司等措施,来解决这些矛盾。     

略论丹江口水库移民迁置

丹江口水利枢纽工程是新中国水利建设史上的一大壮举,涉及水库淹没区移民38万人.由于处于特殊的时代背景,工程建设自身的专业技术局限及移民理论的滞后等等,造成诸多移民遗留问题.试从工程建设的建成过程、移民安置状况,以及造成移民遗留问题的多种原因等,概而论之.