Transforming the Way We Live Together: A Model to Move Communities From Policy to Implementation

Most cities, counties, and neighborhoods are not designed for an aging population. By providing a range of services to all residents, Lifelong Communities allow individuals to age in place. Although the Lifelong Communities Initiative is based on established guiding principles, little information exists regarding the realities of moving from policy to implementation. The Atlanta Regional Commission conducted a case study in Mableton, Georgia, and found successful implementation requires a combination of support from local citizen groups and government. The Atlanta Regional Commission is replicating these best practices in other communities and providing support to those aspiring to launch or expand Lifelong Communities.     

How organizational characteristics affect the adaptive tactics used by human service nonprofit managers confronting financial uncertainty

The way that nonprofits respond to funding uncertainty is crucial to their ability to meet goals and position themselves for future success. This article investigates how structural, managerial, and financial characteristics affect the adaptive tactics used by human service nonprofits during times of financial stress. These tactics include adding new programs, reducing programs or staff, expanding or starting joint programs, pursuing earned income, and expanding advocacy involvement. Using longitudinal data on human service nonprofits collected on either side of the 2002–2003 economic downtown, we find that larger size provides organizations with a unique ability to choose among different adaptive tactics, as larger size was significantly predictive of adding new programs, reducing programs, expanding advocacy, and pursuing earned income. Strategic planning was positively associated with innovative tactics such as starting joint programs or pursuing earned income. Financial stress or declines in an organization's major funding source led to cutbacks, as expected, but managers who foresaw these challenges were able to respond proactively by adding programs or starting joint programs. However, managers with more training did not respond much differently than did other managers, and organizational age and use of performance management tools had no effect in guiding organizational responses to financial uncertainty.     

Gender,Occupation, and Promotion to Management in the Nonprofit Sector

Although one can assume the work values within nonprofit organizations promote gender equality in promotion decisions, there is preliminary evidence that in the nonprofit sector women are underrepresented in higher management positions. Whereas the mechanisms resulting in underrepresentation of women in management have been studied extensively in for‐profit organizations, little is known about these mechanisms in nonprofit organizations. Is gender in nonprofit organizations—even given the underlying values of these organizations—an impediment to attaining a management position? This article presents a case study of employment patterns within the Dutch section of the humanitarian INGO Médecins Sans Frontières and focuses particularly on the effects of gender and occupation on transitions to management. The case study organization represents a “critical case” because the nature of this organization's work environment can be expected to result in a relatively high percentage of women in management. Employee records (N = 2,247) were analyzed using event history models. We found that women made the transition to management less rapidly than men, even when controlling for factors like age, previous work experience, and nationality. However, gender differences were completely explained by occupation. Those employees in female‐dominated occupations (in this case, medical personnel such as nurses) had a lower promotion‐to‐management rate than those in male‐dominated occupations (in this case, nonmedical personnel such as financial officers), irrespective of their gender. This case study highlights the importance to nonprofit management research of studying the effects of occupational sex segregation on promotion.     

完善重庆公租房社区管理的思考

公租房社区是在新的住房保障形势下随公租房的大量建设而涌现的新型城市社区,这种社区不能完全套用现有一般城市社区管理方法。本文以大规模建设公租房的典型城市——重庆为样本,在分析其公租房社区管理现状、问题的基础上,通过借鉴国内外经验及分析公租房社区不同于一般城市社区的特点,提出完善公租房社区管理的思考。     

能促型国家的角色:事业单位的改革与非营利部门的转型

随着中国市场转型的深化,事业单位的全面改革已经提上议事日程。在市场经济中,民间非营利组织构成公共部门和营利部门之外的第三部门,在社会生活中扮演了重要角色。作为计划经济体系的遗产,事业单位在整个非营利部门中占据主导地位,但近年来出现了走向企业化和民营化的变革。在事业单位的改革过程中,国家扮演能力促进的角色至关重要。一方面,建立一个规范的非营利组织监管体系是当务之急;另一方面,国家也可以通过种种手段,培育民间非营利组织自主发展的能力。     

Everybody needs good neighbours: an evaluation of an intensive project for families facing eviction

This paper presents details of a largely qualitative evaluation of an intensive multi‐method Project, with a residential component, which aims to help families facing eviction to overcome their housing‐related difficulties. The families served by the Project had a host of other problems related to parenting, with child care and protection issues, addictions and mental health difficulties figuring prominently. Just over half the referrals came from the local authority housing services, with nearly all the remainder coming from the social work department. The majority of families made good progress, but in some cases it proved harder to have an impact on parenting than on tenancy‐related matters. Nevertheless, the Project was deemed to have helped some families stay together or be reunited, resulting in substantial financial savings for social work services. Crucial ingredients were good management, stable staff, shared ‘ownership’ by other agencies, a repertoire of challenging methods, and a holistic approach.     

农民工住房态势及其政策框架

解决农民工住房问题对于我国经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。现阶段,农民工住房供给总体处于政府失灵和市场失灵并存的状态。解决农民工住房问题,应在遵循相应基本原则和总体思路的基础上,建立＂四位一体＂的住房保障体系,规范农民工住房租赁市场,完善农民工住房公积金制度、农民工住房补贴制度、财税支持制度、金融服务制度、土地供应制度和规划保障制度。解决农民工住房问题对于我国经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。现阶段,农民工住房供给总体处于政府失灵和市场失灵并存的状态。解决农民工住房问题,应在遵循相应基本原则和总体思路的基础上,建立＂四位一体＂的住房保障体系,规范农民工住房租赁市场,完善农民工住房公积金制度、农民工住房补贴制度、财税支持制度、金融服务制度、土地供应制度和规划保障制度。     

物业股权实现途径之理性思考

在我国现有的法律框架下,实现业主无偿获取物业公司股权,并由业主作为惟一股东组织和运作物业公司,以达到物业自治的目的,尚存在诸多法律上的难题.无论由开发商投资设立公司,还是业主利用共有公用的物业财产自设物业公司,均存在一定的障碍.因此,物业股权的设想并不具有现实意义.     

宅基地使用权取得的法律结构

关于宅基地使用权的取得,《物权法》存在法律漏洞。填补这一漏洞的方式为类推关于土地承包经营权的法律规则,设定该权利取得的法律结构。农户取得宅基地使用权的法律结构以农村村民的成员权为逻辑基点,以合同机制为逻辑线索,具体构成为:农村村民行使成员权与其所属集体经济组织签订的宅基地使用权合同,该物权合同以行政审核与审批为生效要件,宅基地使用权因合同生效而当然设立,不需要履行登记等其他程序。     

Research trends in nonprofit graduate studies in China: An inside perspective

This paper explores the growth of the academic study of nonprofit management and organizations in China by examining theses and dissertations written in China between 2000 and 2018. Using a keyword search, we collect and review 5,346 abstracts available in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Thesis and Dissertation database. The number of these theses and dissertations accelerated between 2000 and 2015 and slowed thereafter. Most theses and dissertations focus on the external context of nonprofit organizations (78%) and fewer on nonprofit management per se (22%). Thematic analysis reveals several broad subjects of study including organizational development, the character of the external environment and internal operations, financial and other resource support, and organizational performance. Trends across the 19‐year study period relating to national regions of origin, discipline, and theme are also explored. The development of nonprofit studies in China in some ways resembles the growth of this field in the United States and other western countries in past decades, but with distinct Chinese historical, sociocultural, and geographical characteristics.