中印经济文化交流新观察——兼论青藏铁路建成通车在对外开放中的重要意义

文章立足当前国际社会和平与发展的主流形势,分析了青藏铁路建成通车对中国和南亚国家尤其是中印间的经济文化交流所带来的重要机遇,认为青藏铁路的建成通车对中国和印度的经济文化交流及发展都具有举足轻重的意义,将会进一步促进两国的友好往来、进一步促进国际社会的和平与和谐发展。     

中国书法的文化意义

在分析汉字书写特点的基础上,解读了汉字书写在形成中国文化思维和美学思维中的作用,进而审视了中国书法的内在文化意义。分析认为,中国文字和书法体系的孤独性、变异性以及原生的一系列传统,更加激发其与世界文化的交流与发展,构成其与现代文化接轨的内在通道。     

Monitoring Process Variability with Individual Measurements Following Elliptically Contoured Distributions

An exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart of squared distance is developed by means of a double EWMA approach to monitor process dispersion with individual measurements distributed within the class of elliptically symmetric distributions. Several examples highlighting possible extensions of the control chart to multivariate processes are provided. In particular, for multivariate normal processes, an investigation on the detection power of the chart is carried out through Monte Carlo studies. The results show that the proposed control chart performs well, especially when a process has a small or moderate shift.     

Progressive multi-state models for informatively incomplete longitudinal data

Progressive multi-state models provide a convenient framework for characterizing chronic disease processes where the states represent the degree of damage resulting from the disease. Incomplete data often arise in studies of such processes, and standard methods of analysis can lead to biased parameter estimates when observation of data is response-dependent. This paper describes a joint analysis useful for fitting progressive multi-state models to data arising in longitudinal studies in such settings. Likelihood based methods are described and parameters are shown to be identifiable. An EM algorithm is described for parameter estimation, and variance estimation is carried out using the Louis’ method. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method works well in practice under a variety of settings. An application to data from a smoking prevention study illustrates the utility of the method.     

The role of observation in the assessment of child neglect

This paper focuses on physical and emotional neglect from a social work perspective. Neglect is the highest category of registration on Child Protection Registers in England, and is therefore a significant preoccupation for social work. However, historically, social workers have found child neglect a difficult area of practice. In this paper, we suggest that neglect is best understood as an absence of care, that is, a breakdown in the relationship between the primary carer and child which results in difficulties in offering reliable and adequate care. One focus of assessment in cases of child neglect, therefore, needs to be on ascertaining the nature and degree of relationship failure. We set out a framework to inform such assessments which critically examines the relationship between primary carer and child/ren. We note that discussion of neglect often involves criticism of women/mothers, and seek to develop an approach to child neglect which challenges stereotypical ideas about gender and caring, ideas which can lead to inappropriate intervention and to mother‐blaming. Consideration is given to operationalizing this framework of ideas. Intentional, structured observation is identified as a particularly useful tool in accurately assessing the complexities of the mother – child relationship, and the discussion considers observation's contribution to the assessment of neglect at a number of different levels. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

农民工市民化的实态考察与政策支持

农民工市民化需要系统的政策支持体系作支撑。只有帮助农民工真正融入城市,使之成为一种自愿性选择,才能完成农民工实质意义上的市民化。对重庆市农民工市民化实态考察表明,要建立农民工市民化政策支持系统,给予农民工市民化平等的、平衡的、统一的、发展的政策支持。     

Dynamic generalized extreme value modeling via particle filters

This article addresses how particle filters compare to MCMC methods for posterior density approximations of a model that allows for a dynamic state with fixed parameters and where the observation equation is nonlinear. This is a problem that was not been well studied in the specialized literature. We prove that these state and parameter estimations can be achieved via particle filter methods without the need of more expensive Forward Filtering Backward Sampling (FFBS) simulation. Estimation of a time-varying extreme value model via the generalized extreme value distribution is considered using these particle filter methods and compared to a MCMC algorithm that involves a variety of Metropolis-Hastings steps. We illustrate and compare the different methodologies with simulated data and some minimum daily stock returns occurring monthly from January 4, 1990 to December 28, 2007 using the Tokyo Stock Price Index (TOPIX).     

审视与反思:新中国新闻文体的多重变奏

借助文体学理论,本文突破以往将新闻文体囿于体裁和类型的局限,将其视作涵义丰富的政治文化现象。本文认为,新闻文体是新闻内容与新闻形式的有机结合,是表层的文本因素和深层的社会因素的有机统一。基于内容、表达特色和结构方式等显性因素,以及对新闻本身的认知,本文依据其中某些因素的强化、突出或变异,对新华体等几种主要的当代新闻文体风格做了历时性和共时性的分析。     

Ethnography as Translation

Sociologists and anthropologists often struggle over how to accurately convey ethnographic data from the field setting to a final report. This paper examines ethnography as a form of translation in order to clarify what occurs between the acquisition of data and the formulation of a thesis about the data. The paper argues that the ethnographers mind should be seen as a transitional space which in the act of translating field data into an analytic report (1) poses unique challenges to ethnographys claims for providing an accurate account of field situations while (2) simultaneously offering paths to insight which quantitative and survey research can not.