乡土世界中的女性悲歌——萧红小说中底层女性的生存悲剧

崛起于30年代的萧红就像一颗灿烂耀眼的新星在中国现代文坛上大放异彩。在她的文学创作中，是从女性的生育苦难和爱情、婚姻悲剧三方面来展现北方农村底层妇女的生存悲剧，从而阐释出女性在男权话语系统下的卑下地位。而这种别具风格的叙说方式与萧红自身的生命体验有着极其密切的联系。     

对《宠儿》中赛斯杀婴原因的研究*

对于美国著名黑人女作家莫里森的《宠儿》中备受争议的黑人母亲杀婴的主题，很多评论者从不同角度给予过阐释和分析。这里认为书中黑人母亲赛斯的杀婴行为是一种必然。要读懂小说的这一主题，就必须对造成这种行为的原因进行探索。从这一点出发，通过结合创伤理论以及对小说特殊写作背景的探讨，对赛斯的杀婴行为作以分析，并以此深入地拓展奴隶制下黑人母亲杀婴行为的解读。     

论黑格尔的经验概念

经验概念是黑格尔哲学中的一个重要概念。与自然科学中的经验概念相比，它具有历史性、否定性和标准的自我性，因此，通过对经验概念的追溯，揭示黑格尔经验概念的丰富内涵，井阐明其对伽达默尔思想的影响。     

Living Behind Dikes: Mimicking Flooding Experiences

Delta areas like the Netherlands are threatened by global climate change. Awareness is, however, rather low. Our research objective was to investigate whether coping responses to flooding risks could be enhanced in a virtual environment (VE). A laboratory experiment was conducted in which participants were exposed to a simulated dike breach and consequent flooding of their virtual residence. We tested the hypothesis that an interactive 3D flood simulation facilitates coping responses compared to noninteractive film and slide simulations. Our results showed that information search, the motivation to evacuate, and the motivation to buy flood insurance increased after exposure to the 3D flood simulation compared to the film and slide simulations. Mediation analyses revealed that some of these presentation mode effects were mediated by a greater sense of being present in the VE. Implications to use high‐end flood simulations in a VE to communicate real‐world flooding risks and coping responses to threatened residents will be discussed.     

Affective and Cognitive Factors Influencing Sensitivity to Probabilistic Information

In study 1 different groups of female students were randomly assigned to one of four probabilistic information formats. Five different levels of probability of a genetic disease in an unborn child were presented to participants (within‐subject factor). After the presentation of the probability level, participants were requested to indicate the acceptable level of pain they would tolerate to avoid the disease (in their unborn child), their subjective evaluation of the disease risk, and their subjective evaluation of being worried by this risk. The results of study 1 confirmed the hypothesis that an experience‐based probability format decreases the subjective sense of worry about the disease, thus, presumably, weakening the tendency to overrate the probability of rare events. Study 2 showed that for the emotionally laden stimuli, the experience‐based probability format resulted in higher sensitivity to probability variations than other formats of probabilistic information. These advantages of the experience‐based probability format are interpreted in terms of two systems of information processing: the rational deliberative versus the affective experiential and the principle of stimulus‐response compatibility.     

The Patient Transit Assistance Scheme: A case for social work advocacy!

Abstract

The Patient Transit Assistance Scheme is one of Queensland Health's initiatives designed to facilitate equity of access for Queensland residents to essential health care services. The purpose of the scheme is to help all Queenslanders, irrespective of where they live, to have access to specialist medical services. It provides direct financial assistance to patients and in some cases their carers, to facilitate access to specialist medical services irrespective of geographic location.

The findings of recent research conducted on social worker involvement with PTAS for patients diagnosed with leukaemia and associated haematological disorders will be used to argue that the problems in relation to the administration of this scheme require serious attention at the level of patient care and health policy.     

对解决大学毕业生工作经验问题的思考

大学毕业生就业难的重要原因之一是缺乏用人单位强调的“实践经验”。本文认为，首先，在变化加剧的时代一个人的经验依赖，特别是专业技术上的经验依赖是有限的，用人单位更应当考察大学生的“可雇佣性”。其次，解决大学毕业生初次就业的社会实践和工作经验问题是高校、用人单位和学生三方共同的责任。     

体验营销在中国的应用问题探讨

体验营销作为一种新型的营销理论和营销方式，目前在理论上尚未获得市场营销学界的共识，而体验营销的实践却鲜活得多。因此，本文重点探讨了体验营销的实际应用问题，包括体验营销的应用基础与应用领域、体验营销形式的适用范围与执行工具，并指出，目前中国企业开展体验营销应与现阶段的经济发展水平和服务营销质量相适应，注重契合消费者的心理需求属性，立足中国悠久的历史和文化，加强对国外先进的文化体验产品的学习与借鉴，并注意体验营销的管理与实效。     

论教学的“经验”基础:复杂性科学的观点

教育学中已有的各种“经验”概念均存在不足。在复杂性科学的视野中,经验是人在社会实践活动中获得的一种类型的精神产品,是一个自在的、整体的和开放的复杂系统,是一种潜在的教学资源,应当在整合了实践与认知、活动与思维、主动与被动、理智与情感等整体论的基础上界定经验。只有这样,才能纠正当前知识与经验相结合的过程中出现的严重偏差。     

“人生派”文学的历史沉浮与当代意义

在中国现代文学史上,人生派文学一直呈持续发展态势,以往论为人生文学,只关注五四这一块是不完整的。事实上,从五四到三四十年代,人生派文学都有强劲表现,且不断趋于成熟,显示其无可漠视的价值。由于人生派文学是接受欧洲文学思潮形成的,关注人、关注人生又是一个相当宽泛的话题,所以人生派文学还有更拓展的内涵。它有两种最基本的形态:一种是注重社会性的人生派,带有显著时代民族特色和较强社会功利色彩;另一种是主张浑然的人生的艺术,有较大的宽泛性和包容性,从宽泛意义上讲,京派文学也可纳入泛称的人生派。人生派文学已逐渐积淀成为中国新文学的一种优良传统,但因其与艺术派、阶级文学的对立,在现代中国的特定时代语境中,它既有顺利发展的幸遇,也有曲折前行的历程,甚至还有夹缝中生存的尴尬。检视其历史遭遇,对于我们深入认识、有效继承这个传统的经验是不无益处的。在当下文学由于过重私人化写作而使文学的接受形势变得日益严峻的时候,从文学关注人生、人生也关注文学的历史和现实中,汲取一些有益的经验和教训尤为必要。