新时期的孤独者与飘零者——贾平凹《高兴》透析

进入新世纪的当代文学作品越来越多把笔探入到弱势群体里。作为一个正面展示城市收破烂者生存状态的小说作品，贾平凹的《高兴》源于乡土立场，直接带领读者直面繁荣都市最底层的现实，正视小人物的生存境遇，反映现代“文明”人性的冷暖和复杂，透视挣扎者的孤独和飘零。小说不仅仅在于关注当下的热点——展示农民工在城市的生存之痛，更重要的是对刘高兴这个挣扎者性格的展示、精神的透视和以刘高兴为代表的农民工在城市中位置的寻找。     

大一新生内外倾向性和英语学习焦虑现状的调查与分析——以百色学院为例

文章通过抽样调查发现，大一新生内向性格特征显著，英语学习焦虑总体水平不高，而非英语专业新生较英语专业新生学习焦虑水平要高得多，焦虑表现形式也较丰富。本研究分析了大一新生英语学习焦虑诱因，对英语教师在实施教学中如何减轻新生英语学习焦虑情绪进行了一些探索与思考。     

论大学生的自主学习与个性化成才

本文结合高等教育由精英教育向大众化教育转变及实施素质教育的新形势,针对大学生学习成才过程中存在的问题和高等学校教学质量重教轻学的倾向,以社会存在的多样性和人的有限理性为逻辑始点,以社会需求和高校体制与机制的转换为分析路径,指出大学生自主学习与个性化成才的重要性和一致性,以期引起大学生及有关社会人士的重视,引导大学生顺应社会需求,立足自主学习努力个性化成才。     

Movers as early adopters of linguistic innovation

Long‐distance migration is a primary source of language contact. Those who voluntarily migrate, though, may not resemble the broader population: psychological research suggests some factors that predispose people to become migrants also tend to lead to more openness to trying new things, potentially including linguistic features. This implies differential reactions to language contact, so inferences drawn from migrants may not generalize to the language‐contact process more generally. To test this hypothesis, this article examines lexical patterns in the 1940 United States census, focusing on who used the title mortician or funeral director rather than the traditional undertaker. Individuals who had moved from their state of birth were particularly likely to use the newer terms, even when explicitly controlling for the distribution of titles among the states from which the movers relocated. The personal characteristics leading people to encounter new linguistic environments may also independently affect their choices within those environments.     

谈如何运用人格理论分类矫治罪犯

如何科学实施罪犯分管分押,长期以来一直是专家学者难以克服的一大难题。罪犯是一个消极群体,在人格状态上,存在着常态人格、常态缺陷人格和异常人格三大类。运用心理学的人格理论,从罪犯的气质、性格、能力等方面的特征着手,深层次地剖析罪犯的人格内容,并据此对罪犯进行分类,依照罪犯的性格特征、气质类型、能力大小,采用相应的矫治手段和方法,对罪犯进行有针对性的教育改造,可达到从根本上矫治罪犯的目的。这种理论的应用,在罪犯分类体系中具有重要的现实意义。     

人格两极性与人的现代化

人格在诸多向度上的两极对峙与相互依赖造就了人格的两极性 ,这也成为我们全面把握与理解人格复杂性与多样性的关键。在深入分析人格的两极张力的基础之上 ,对人的现代化中现代与传统的关系、现代性的单面性以及全球化背景下人的多样性与主体性的存在问题作进一步的思考与探讨很有必要。     

论《三国志演义》的悲剧与悲情

《三国志演义》是一部史诗性的悲剧作品,书中各色人物的悲情倾泻,既加重了作品的悲剧氛围,又冲刷掉了他们身上的神性光环或鬼域色彩,显露出活生生的"人"的鲜明个性,具有独特的审美价值。书中人物悲情与认识内容此呼彼应,珠联璧合;人物悲情与道德观念表里互衬、水乳交融;人物悲情与悲剧题材相辅相成、相得益彰等诸多方面,达到了相当高的艺术境界,具有典范的理论意义。     

试析汉文帝优容诸侯王的真正原因

汉文帝刘恒在位23年,他对诸侯王优容有加,主要有汉初的社会经济和他本人的个性特点两大方面的原因。也就是说,汉文帝即位初期的政治经济背景以及汉文帝本人的个性特点造成了他对诸侯王的优容甚至纵容,使得诸侯实力得以逐渐增强,终于威胁到中央集权。     

Predictors of gambling problems among male adolescents

The study concerns prediction of gambling problems in 178 male adolescents (aged 16 and 18 years) who completed a questionnaire, which included the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), a version of the Temperament and Character Inventory and a number of questions concerning social background, emotional and life-style factors. About 27% of the boys gamble at least weekly. As many as 16% qualify as probable pathological gamblers according to the SOGS. Another 7% are at risk. None of the social background factors are related to severity of gambling problems. The only significant family factor is parental substance misuse. The optimal multivariate model predicts about 30% of the variance in gambling problems. The strongest factor is frequency of alcohol drinking. Several factors indicate a personality with problems in relations to others. Another factor indicates a dreamy personality. Unexpectedly, impulsiveness is not related to gambling. In conclusion, problem gambling among male adolescents is related to life-style and personality, especially in relation to others, but not to usual social background factors. Gamblers are asocial rather than impulsive. The nature of this finding should be further explored, since an asocial personality may point at genetics as well as to early social influences, as may the finding on the relation between gambling and parental drinking.     

老舍创作对“改造国民性”问题的思考

老舍创作对“改造国民性”问题的思考集中在三个方面 :一是提出了现代性的国民人格建设理想 ;二是对敷衍、自甘堕落等国民“劣根性”作了揭露和批判 ;三是揭示了传统国民性“家国一致”的理想人格的悲剧内涵。老舍对“改造国民性”问题的关注不仅在于批判国民性 ,而且在于建设国民性