声音制作技术的现象学解读

声音是自然界存在的一种属性,也是人类最古老的交流方式之一。声音制作技术是对声音的录制、传播过程,它的发展与人类发展、进步的历史是息息相关的,经历了从原始社会、近代乃至当代社会漫长的历史时期。技术现象学是有关技术与人类关系的学说,运用伊德的技术现象学理论,可以把声音制作技术发展的历史分为萌芽阶段、产生阶段、发展阶段、成熟阶段与后现代阶段。声音制作技术前进、发展过程中的基本规律就是通过对声音的制作与传播,使意识得到了延绵,其本质是＂声音现象学＂,制作一种＂存在＂。声音制作技术还具有改变人的存在方式的深层次哲学意义,哲学的基本命题＂存在＂也许将成为一种新的存在方式。     

后现代公共行政理论的哲学之维

后现代公共行政理论是公共行政领域中一种具有批判和建构意义的先锋派理论。维特根斯坦的日常语言哲学、哈贝马斯的日常语言和交往行为理论为后现代公共行政理论奠定了语言哲学基础;后现代公共行政理论学家借鉴当代西方哲学成果,吸收了胡塞尔和梅洛-庞蒂现象学的思想内容,为后现代公共行政理论找到了本体论和认识论合一的哲学基础,从而完成了从本体论、认识论、方法论的哲学基础的建构,实现了对传统西方行政理论的全面解构和超越。     

从二元论到具身现象学：意识本质问题的理论批判

二元论世界观源于人类主体意识的确立,也是人类精神需求的内在倾向.但二元论所确立的心身对立的世界图景使得意识或者以一种独立的形态存在,或被完全否定而消失于无形.具身现象学通过考察“行为”的性质而揭示出的心身同一论,不仅超越了二元论及其结果唯物主义和唯心主义一元论,而且代表了一种以有机生命为着眼点的意识研究的趋势.从二元论到具身概念兴起的过程,是人们对意识范畴的否定之否定的重构之路.     

胡塞尔现象学对客体化行为中“意义”的建构

胡塞尔现象学认为意识的本质在于构造对象的能力。意向本质包括质性和质料,质料即意义。构造对象和意义的几种客体化行为的立义方式之间既有联系又有区别：感知的立义包含有存在样式的设定,是偏重于“对象”的心理体验的意义相关项;在图像意识中,图像事物是感知立义,图像客体和图像主题则作为奠基于感知之上的想象通过代现被意指而获得意义;符号行为的意义则是独立于直观行为的客观的、观念性的意义,是观念的逻辑之物。     

Parents' Experience of Feeling Socially Supported as Adolescents Come Out as Lesbian and Gay: A Phenomenological Study

Discovering that an adolescent is lesbian or gay is often experienced as a family crisis. Feeling bereft of social support during times of such emotional upheaval and transition may precipitate states of despondency for parents, placing both children and parents at risk. While social support has been discussed as a key mediating agent for psychosocial stress in many areas of parenting, there has been minimal focus on parents of lesbian and gay youth. This phenomenological study explores eight parents' experience of feeling socially supported as they approach living with their adolescents' coming-out. The emergent, thematic structures comprised two dimensions of experience: those prompting social isolation and those creating social reconnection. Translating this knowledge into practice innovations offers ideas for relevant and responsive outreach.     

Child Sexual Abuse and Adult Religious Life: Challenges of Theory and Method

The religious consequences of child sexual abuse in adulthood remain relatively unexamined in the research literature, especially where abusers are not clergy. Some studies suggest child sexual abuse survivors may rely on religion as a source of support, though the majority document a decrease in religiosity. Given the propensity for psychological challenges among adult survivors with diminished spiritual coping, we are calling for increased research attention to religion in the context of child sexual abuse. The objectives of this article were to review the literature on intersections between child sexual abuse (perpetrated by nonclergy) and religiosity in adults and set forth relevant research approaches for future investigation. Findings revealed a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and theoretically informed approach to research may be needed.     

Paradise Lost: Older Cuban American Exiles’ Ambiguous Loss of Leaving the Homeland

To explore the experience of leaving Cuba, 2 Cuban American émigrés interviewed 20 Cuban exiles aged 65 or older, who left Cuba between 1959 and 1971. The interviews were conducted in New York and New Jersey using a phenomenological approach (Moutsakas, 1994). Themes included feeling betrayed by the Revolution, the inevitability of leaving, the expectation of a temporary refuge, and longing and idealizing the past. The psychological presence that participants expressed, along with an endless sense of loss, resonates with ambiguous loss theory (Boss, 2006)—themes that have yet to be explored in the literature and that have research and practice implications.     

“No Matter What,Good or Bad,Love is Still There”: Motivations for Romantic Commitment Among Black Cohabiting Couples

Given the increasing number of couples that use cohabitation as a pathway or alternative to marriage, few studies to date have examined the factors that facilitate relationship entry and commitment. Recent study findings reveal children born to Black mothers as compared with White mothers have a 72% higher risk of experiencing their parents’ separation by year 3 and Black married parents have 5.33 times the risk of separating within 3 years after their child's birth relative to White married parents. However, few studies to date have examined the factors that increase the likelihood that cohabiting Black couples will enter and remain in a committed relationship. To fill the current void that exists in the literature and through the use of phenomenology as the foundation, I asked 30 low-income cohabiting Black couples the following question: “What do you think motivated your partner to commit to you?” Qualitative analysis of the responses revealed the following six themes: (1) no response/unsure, (2) physical appearance, (3) emotional and tangible support, (4) honesty and friendship, (5) love and commitment, and (6) personality and treatment. Implications for practitioners, policy, and research are also provided.     

‘So God Made a Farmer’: The US Agrarian Imaginary and the Lived Assemblages of Settlement and Empire

ABSTRACT

In support of the National FFA Organization (formerly, the Future Farmers of America), Ram Trucks declared 2013 the ‘Year of the Farmer.’ Their commemorative Super Bowl commercial featured radio broadcaster Paul Harvey’s iconic 1978 speech, ‘So God Made a Farmer.’ This essay interrogates Harvey’s speech and its aestheticization and reception during Super Bowl XLVII in order to trace how U.S. settler colonialism is embodied and recognized, particularly in relation to narratives of the ‘secularization’ of the United States and U.S. political life. It argues that the resolutely Christian visions of social life and selfhood, modes of ethics, and place-making within the nostalgic speech and commercial continue to order and naturalize the interface between heteropatriarchy, white supremacy, and U.S. settler colonialism. It also argues that although such religiose forms of relationality are reproduced and amplified in the spectatorship of the Super Bowl, they are imbued with ostensibly secular national and imperial meaning, and thus obfuscated as such. This essay ultimately argues that such religiose invocations of proper relationality – as a node of racialization and the production of power – can shuttle between religious and secular contexts while continuing to encode and reproduce formations of U.S. settler colonialism and imperialism.     

现象学技术哲学的多重视角

20世纪初兴起的现象学运动涉及广泛,也逐渐渗入到技术哲学研究领域.通过对技术哲学研究文献的考察,发现相当数量的西方技术哲学家运用现象学方法研究技术哲学问题,对西方技术研究具有较大影响.这些技术哲学家虽然都是运用现象学方法考察技术,但由于采取了不同的视角,针对不同的对象,因此呈现的不是一种统一的现象学研究路径,而是具有"家族相似性"特点的多维视角.主要表现为考察技术根本问题的视角、考察具体人工物品的视角和考察人与技术关系的视角等.