Conceptualizing trust: a holistic Chinese view to bridge divergences and dichotomies

This research study seeks to understand and describe how people in a Chinese society define trust in daily life. Employing a qualitative phenomenological method, data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 14 adult Chinese individuals in northern Taiwan. This research pinpoints prior misconceptions of trust, examines competing approaches to trust that have led to diverse definitions, adopts a holistic Chinese view of trust that bridges prior divergent views, mediates the agency-structure and trust-distrust dichotomies, and focuses on trust strategies applicable to different situations. The findings reveal that trust is a dyadic relationship in which how the trustee demonstrates his or her trustworthiness to gain trust and how the trustor decides to trust are likely to be affected not only by personal choices based on prior knowledge and experiences but also the external social and cultural norms of the society. The findings advance the existing knowledge of trust conceptualization and extend its applicability to broader Chinese societies. They have implications for strategies for relationship and trust-building for Westerners as they engage in global socio-economic discourse with Chinese.     

论伊德现象学中科学与技术的相互关系

伊德认为传统所谓技术是科学的应用的观点,是没有深入到存在论层次的认识论。从存在论来讲,技术先于科学,所有科学知识都是技术体现、建构或诠释的,当然,科学知识的获得并不是自然的,而是以对技术活动进行艰辛的科学解释为前提的,如此在技术建构的科学知识基础上,又展开着新的技术进步,科学与技术表现出环环相扣的"接力"关系。此科学与技术的存在论理解,揭示了科学与技术的生成逻辑,对科学与技术的创新发展应具启发作用。     

Choreographing Resistances: Spatial–Kinaesthetic Intelligence and Bodily Knowledge as Political Tools in Activist Work

Abstract

Bodies have been used as a political tool in activism, but many scholars have ignored activists’ highly sophisticated and intelligent ways of using their moving bodies. This paper focuses on analysing three choreographies of resistance: the group crawling performance for striking nurses in Helsinki in 2007, the protest by Greenpeace at a nuclear construction site in 2007 and a protest in the 1989 Chinese student movement. The purpose is to shed light on how resisting choreographies can generate interactions and relations between agents keeping these interactions dynamic by the motivations and affections of these agents. I will apply Edmund Husserl’s and Edith Stein’s phenomenological method of analysing movement and their notion of kinaesthesia. One of the keywords here is ‘the kinaesthetic field’ that offers a new perspective to account for resisting choreography and its dynamics in socially, politically and emotionally complex environments. Drawing on Howard Gardner’s notion of kinaesthetic intelligence, I suggest that the core element of kinaesthetic intelligence is not only control of one’s bodily motion but also capabilities for working with kinaesthetic fields. The paper argues that the activists can operate gestures, the vulnerability of the body and timing by drawing various agents into their choreography. When activists are able to express their political ideas as concrete gestures, postures or kinaesthetic relations, it also supports their capabilities of articulating their moral intuitions. Even when witnesses disagree with protesters’ positions, protests frequently force them to reconsider their own.     

新现象学的情境理论对儿童教育的影响

儿童教育不能只停留在"理性模式",即系统观察和文件引入这样的对象性的"素群"分析,我们要为儿童建立符合其个人情境成长完善的共同情境。这就要依据施密茨的新现象学情境理论。儿童只有在共同情境中实现原初的身体性、身体交流,真正地理解了人的解放与回归的含义,并能够自如地转换,再使其个人情境不断完善后,诸如规范、准则这些所谓社会化前提的东西才能实现。     

言说与责任：列维纳斯伦理观念刍议

“二战”以后,法国哲学中最为重要的话题之一就是讨论如何建立新的伦理。在此背景下,列维纳斯提出以他者理论来重新认识言说、责任和主体。语言是自我和他者发生关系的主要场所,言说具有前本源性,是接近他者的运动。列维纳斯主张通过所说向言说还原的方式去认识言说的这种前本源性。在言说中,自我被暴露在他者面前,在对他者的回应中形成了责任关系。主体首先作为责任的承担者出现,其不仅要承担起自我的责任,还要承担起对他者的无限责任。这一思想是对近代哲学主体思想的一次批判,也是对伦理思想的一次重大的反思和重建。     

内省法与第一人称视角

自然化现象学的论题提出以来，认知科学或心灵哲学与现象学这两个所谓的对立阵营都开始积极地思考第三人称视角和第一人称视角之间对话的可能性。这需要首先澄清内省法的基本特征及背后的笛卡尔式“我思”概念，指出笛卡尔式二元论导致的对两个视角的错误划分。在此基础上，通过引入格式塔心理学思考非内省意义上的第一人称视角的可能性。     

A Phenomenological Study of Parental Estrangement

In the United States, the divorce rate is 40% to 50%, according to National Marriage and Divorce Rate Trends (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Gaining an understanding of the lived experience of parental estrangement for a child during the parental divorce was the goal of this study. For the 9 adult participants who experienced parental estrangement as children, each reported themes including anger, disappointment, isolation, control, and impact. In this study, the predominantly alienating parent was the custodial parent. The results indicated that it did not matter if the noncustodial parent lived down the street or several states away; the estrangement that developed was the same for each of them.     

A political-economic theory of relevance: Explaining climate change inaction

Why have societies failed to effectively respond to climate change? We address the question of climate change inaction by (1) examining how an unambiguously ominous report about climate change (IPCC 2018) was made palatable by news media and (2) explaining why climate change is typically unthematized in everyday life. Drawing on Adorno and Schutz, we develop a political-economic theory of relevance. The imperative to accumulate capital is not only a social-structural reality but also shapes why particular facts are regarded as relevant in experience (topical relevance) as well as how relevant material is interpreted (interpretative relevance) and acted toward (motivational relevance). Applying this framework, we (1) argue that media popularizations of the IPCC's dire Global Warming of 1.5°C (2018) are constituted by relevance systems conditioned by a capitalist social context and (2) strengthen Ollinaho's (2016) Schutzian explanation for climate change inaction by examining how productive relations and the culture industry perpetuate climate change irrelevance in everyday life. Schutz's framework helps conceptualize the intricacies of ideology and, when revised with Adorno's sociology, shines new light on an old question: the relations between social conditions and knowledge.     

现象学观照下"区域文化形象"的影像传播 ——以"京津冀协同发展"为例

京津冀协同发展作为当前国家重大发展战略之一,自实施五年来取得了重要的进展。在今后向纵深领域迈进的过程中,区域文化形象的建构、传播与认同就成为不可或缺的发展引擎。影像作为直观的艺术形式在这方面具有天然优势。以现象学为理论视角来探索区域文化形象的影像塑型、传播与群体认同的建构途径,以期在影像的本质直观中打造一个活泼泼的生活世界,在生活世界中营构一个脉脉温情的影像空间,在诗意空间中享受一个开放而自在的文化氛围。由此让我们获得京津冀区域文化形象影像传播的现实意义和文化价值。     

宗教经验与般若现象

宗教经验一方面有别于日常生活经验,另一方面也有别于宗教智慧.在这个意义上,如果般若现象学或智慧现象学能够成立,那么对般若的获取也应当进行两方面的现象学还原:既排除世俗的经验而达到宗教经验的层面,也排除宗教的一般经验而达到宗教智慧的层面.只是这种还原的具体操作,必定有别于知识现象学的还原方法.很可能不是通过一般意义上的学证,而是通过特定意义上的修证.但它也必须是在现象学意义上的明证性,即某种可以显现出来的明证性.