Chicks,Dicks, and Contradictions

This essay examines Playgirl as a rich, yet overlooked, archive in the history of American pornography. Although the magazine often is dismissed as the token attempt of a masculinist industry to equalize its representational politics, I argue instead that a significant synergy exists between Playgirl and entwined debates over pornography, gender, and commercialized sexuality in 1970s America. Employing established conventions of the women's magazine, Playgirl utilized that form toward granting women access to explicit images. Yet given its “better lifestyling” advice on how the sexually liberated woman might find empowerment by viewing male nudes, Playgirl's reluctance to display full-frontal nudity until the midpoint of its first year fashioned an initially compromised aesthetic. Not only were women interpolated as untutored viewers within this regime of genital obstruction, but models also were all but emasculated. Consequently, the degree of male exposure that could be handled by both viewers and models was questioned, critiqued, and debated across Playgirl's letters to the editor section, aptly entitled “In-ter-course.” As an artifact of sexual media history, Playgirl is invaluable because readers are able to trace throughout its pages the ways in which changing tides of gendered power began to problematize pornography's routine dichotomy between masculine subjectivity and female objectification.     

"遵从规则"与"公共检验"的预设及其问题--论维特根斯坦的私人语言问题

西方哲学传统中私人语言观是以"内在感觉"为基础的,维特根斯坦从"内部"和"外部"两个层面上对私人语言的不可能性问题进行论述,这两个层面分别存在着"遵从规则"与"公共检验"的预设,这两种预设也存在相应的问题.     

促使低碳经济的政策重心转向消费环节

积极发展低碳经济已是当前全社会的普遍共识。但目前我国的政策重点主要强调生产环节的节能减排,而如何促进消费环节的节能减排,发展消费型低碳经济还没有引起充分重视。但随着扩大内需政策的实施,把低碳经济发展的政策重心由生产环节转向消费环节显得十分重要。加强低碳消费政策研究,积极推进绿色出行、绿色居住、绿色生活方式,对于实现全社会的节能减排目标有积极意义。     

推行大学生体育生活方式的必要性研究

采用文献资料法和调查法对大学生实施体育生活方式的概念、现状、重要性及必要性进行深入分析,指出培养大学生体育生活方式是提高大学生身心健康水平的有效途径和保证,也是“学校体育”和“终身体育”的有效结合方式。     

Clothing and social movements: Tibet and the politics of dress

The ‘cultural turn’ in social movement studies has brought a renewed outlook on new social movements and lifestyle movements. In this development on the symbolic challenge of contemporary movements, research has expanded to both music and art. However, little is known about the role of clothing in movements and how activists use it for social change. In making the case for a greater consideration of clothing’s tactical use in identity work, this paper explores the case of the Tibetan Lhakar movement. I argue that for Lhakar activists, clothing is the materialization of the political consciousness of the movement and symbolically acts as a mechanism of communication in shaping its political goals. By using social media to observe individualized collective actions of wearing Tibetan clothing, the paper demonstrates how activists frame and create new political opportunity structures for civic participation in a one party state that controls all speech and movement.     

论宋人文化人格与书斋化生活方式的关系

宋人的书斋化生活方式成就了宋人独特的文化人格：清韵绝俗的精神高标,阴柔静弱、内敛沉潜的风神格调和忧乐互济、悲智双修的生命智慧,宋人的文化人格体现在宋人生活中从形上之道至形下之器的方方面面,也在一定程度上与宋朝的时代走向呈相互生发影响的关系。     

Homelessness as a Lifestyle

For those homeless people who are rejecting traditional social services, one may have to be able to treat their symptoms as secondary while looking beyond them for primary social patterns. This reveals a lifestyle devastated by disaffiliation and social distance. People who have been homeless for a long time can be shown to be suffering from a lifestyle of homelessness or from homelessness-as-a-lifestyle. This is a condition, the components of which often include early life transiency, impulsiveness, clusters of unsolved problems, as well as a lack of social and other supports. These lifestyle elements interact with one another in perpetuating fashion, dragging the person along in an undertow, one result of which is downward mobility. Four case studies demonstrate examples of this social condition.     

Going Green: The Process of Lifestyle Change1

This article draws on 40 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews of three groups of people who restrict their consumption in various ways: voluntary simplifiers, religious environmentalists, and green home owners. I identify common patterns in the emergence of green lifestyles across all groups. Green practices are not isolated decisions or actions, but components in an ongoing project. As a result, green lifestyles are often experienced as both a work in progress and a provisionally coherent life narrative. Furthermore, I explore bricolage, the cobbling together of resources at hand by nonexperts, as a mechanism for lifestyle change and expand the concept to include environmental practices and themes. I adopt a pragmatist perspective to understand lifestyle change as a deliberate process undertaken in response to a problem left underaddressed by current policies and practices. This article also weighs in on the debate in the sociology of culture over how culture influences action.     

中国当代农民生活方式及其对公共政策态度的影响

与城市市民生活方式研究不同，对于占人口绝大多数的农民，他们的生活方式处于相对“被忽略的地位”。基于实地调查的数据，本研究对中国当代农民生活方式及其对公共政策态度的影响进行分析。结果显示：与以往相比，农民的物质生活水平有了很大改善，但社会交往并没有发生实质性的变化，休闲娱乐活动还主要停留在传统层面，具有现代色彩的休闲娱乐活动较少。同时研究发现，在对待国家公共政策的态度上，农民物质生活水平和休娱乐的现代化程度越高，对国家公共政策越趋向给予消极的评价，而农民的社会交往情况对公共政策态度的影响并不明显。     

A Comparison of Egg Consumption with Other Modifiable Coronary Heart Disease Lifestyle Risk Factors: A Relative Risk Apportionment Study

Guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend that healthy adults limit their intake of dietary cholesterol to less than 300 mg per day. Since a large egg contains about 71% of that amount, the AHA recommends restricting egg consumption unless dietary cholesterol intakes from other sources are limited. We applied a risk apportionment approach to estimate the contribution of egg consumption and other modifiable lifestyle risk factors (e.g., smoking, poor diet, minimal exercise, and alcohol intake) to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk at the population level. Specifically, we categorized the U.S. adult population ages 25+ into distinct risk groups based on the prevalence of modifiable lifestyle risk factors and applied an apportionment model, typically used to assess risk contribution at the individual level, to estimate the contribution of egg intake to CHD risk. Our analysis shows that the combination of modifiable lifestyle risk factors accounts for less than 40% of the population CHD mortality. For the majority of U.S. adults age 25+, consuming one egg a day accounts for <1% of CHD risk. Hence, focusing on decreasing egg intake as an approach to modify CHD risk would be expected to yield minimal results relative to changing other behaviors such as smoking and other dietary habits.