构建我国现代化的教师教育体系

大陆的教师教育可以借鉴我国台湾省的模式,走多元化发展的道路,既保留独立设置的师范院校,又在综合性大学设立教育学院,参与培养中小学师资,可以采取"五年一贯"、"3+1"、"4+2"等多种模式,培养不同类型的中小学师资,逐步构建我国现代化的教师教育体系。     

Maps of the uncertain: a new approach to communicate scientific ignorance

While uncertainty and the unknown are not only accepted but favoured within scientific debates, these concepts are less tolerated in instances of exchange with society. In scientific communication, definitive statements are expected and thus delivered; and this societal expectation of the scientific community has obviously been internalized by the scientists themselves. After giving an overview of the lively discussion about scientific uncertainty and nescience (landscapes of the uncertain), this paper presents a new tool for the communication of scientific uncertainties: Maps of the Uncertain. These maps take the form of infographics, which allow a different kind of communication of uncertainties, and thus a different relationship between science and society. The paper presents and discusses examples of six maps.     

Combatting voter ignorance: a vertical model of epistocratic voting

In light of recent political events, prominent scholars have argued that voters ignorant of the issues should be disqualified from taking part in decisions that have the potential to alter political landscapes. As convincing as this literature is in highlighting voter ignorance, it fails to differentiate between local, state, and federal elections and how levels of political knowledge are often scale-dependent. If the level of median voter ignorance is not uniform from one level of government to the next, then neither can the reforms proposed to combat it. In this article, I adapt Bell’s vertical model of democratic meritocracy to argue that the larger the election, the more complex the issues, the more explicit the epistocratic safeguards needed.     

Widening the gap: White ignorance,race relations and the consequences for Aboriginal people in Australia

White ignorance has a critical impact on race relations and is implicated in the maintenance of Aboriginal disadvantage. Addressing this ignorance is a largely overlooked capacity-building opportunity within Australia's non-Aboriginal population. It warrants consideration as a key component of strategies targeting Aboriginal disadvantage. Despite the established links between race relations and Aboriginal well-being, Aboriginal perspectives on non-Aboriginal people rarely feature in public discourse on “Aboriginal problems.” This paper draws on data from 180 in-depth interviews with 44 Aboriginal people in Darwin on the topic of White Australian people, culture and race relations. It reports Aboriginal perceptions of White Australian ignorance across areas of great symbolic and practical significance to Aboriginal people's lives. Their experience is that most White Australians are ignorant of the history of colonisation and the complexities of its aftermath. They are ignorant of Aboriginal law, cultures and languages, and of the extent of their own ignorance. The call to address White ignorance subverts assumptions about whose ignorance and capacity must be dealt with in order to progress national goals of reconciliation, address Aboriginal disadvantage and achieve justice and equality for Aboriginal people.     

大众文化及其可持续发展（上）

中国大众文化崛起于 2 0世纪后半叶 ,伴随改革春风的吹拂而觉醒 ,根植于市场经济沃土而成长 ,迅速壮大为与主流文化、精英文化并驾齐驱 ,形成三足鼎立的社会主干性文化形态 ,从根本上改变了中国文化的传统格局 ,积极影响了国民人格塑造和社会发展面貌 ,但也引发了多重社会效应和争议。大众文化从实质上说是在现代工业社会产生、与市场经济发展相适应的一种市民文化。一方面同与其共时态的主流文化、精英文化相互区别和对应 ;另一方面同传统自然农业经济社会里的各种民间文化、通俗文化相区别 ,其基本特性表现在商业性、流行性、娱乐性和普及性。要使大众文化向人文化、科学化、国际化和民族化的正确方向发展 ,需要对它的运行过程整体控制 ,并进行人文提升和科学化改造 ;促进大众文化与其他文化形态的多元整合 ,从而成为适应可持续发展要求的新型大众文化。     

结构与过程：再论中华民族从多元走向一体

费孝通的多元一体论是中国人类学、民族学整体性宏观研究的典范,是中国话语的具有国际意义和价值的创新之作。但是,20年来却一直处于共识与分歧并行的态势,其中一个重要的原因就是多元一体理论内涵的本质是一种结构论,如果能加上从多元走向一体过程论的诠释和解读,一些不理解和质疑就可能迎刃而解。面对全球化,在“属于中国的就是属于世界的”这个事实面前,中国任何一个民族都不可能单独面对世界、面对全球化,而只有与中华人民共和国的国家建构相匹配的中华民族,才能面对世界、面对全球化。正是属于中华民族的就是属于中国的,这也是中华民族从多元走向一体的真正意义之所在。     

论《水浒传》的多元婚姻文化

《水浒传》描写了一系列繁杂的婚姻形态,总体上不出封建婚姻范畴,宣扬了封建婚姻观念,有时却又超出封建婚姻界限,表现出诸多不合封建婚姻观念之处。传统道德的沉淀,市民思想的兴起,异族文化的传入,原始婚俗的残存,都对《水浒传》的婚姻描写发生影响,集中体现了婚姻世俗化的倾向,以及非常复杂的多元婚姻文化。     

西欧社会党社会治理理论和政策述要

后冷战时代,西欧社会党针对新出现的社会特点,提出了一些理论设想,并相应调整了政策措施,强调应对多元社会的包容性,应对风险社会的积极性,应对市民社会的参与性,试图在国家(政府)与市民社会互动合作的治理模式改革上有所作为。考察并借鉴这些理论和政策,对加强我们党的执政能力,建设和谐社会不无裨益。     

高等教育投资多元化的途径研究

论述了高校资金注入多元化、多渠道的途径。改变了长期以来教育投入依靠政府拨款的单一格局。探索高校投资多元化途经,首先,作为投资主体的国家应增加教育经费的投入,加大资本投资的力度;其次,高校自身应探索增加教育投资来源,走多元化自主投资之路。如以国家计划招生为主,委培、函大、夜大为辅,社会力量联合办学等多种形式。合理利用配置现有教育资源,更好地发挥教育投资的作用。改善高等学校资源的配置,还应该充分利用各级政府给予的各项优惠政策盘活存量资产。     

独特而多元化的东干族婚俗

清同治年间先后有两批中国穆斯林迁入俄国七河省等地定居 ,他们在异国他乡繁衍生息 ,逐渐形成了中亚地区一个独特的民族———东干族。迁徙前后独特的民族经历使这个民族的民俗风格既特殊而又呈多元化的现象。文章从婚俗角度阐述了这一现象。