论吴墓与吴器——兼论吴文化的兼收并包和多元杂糅性

作为同一社会共同体共有生活方式的物化遗存,每一个考古文化都有一套可以与其他考古文化相区别的独特内涵。然而吴文化却缺乏这种独特的内涵,其表现为吴人的墓葬没有一定的形制与葬俗,吴人的器物也缺乏固定的器型与特色,吴文化的不定型和变动性反映出吴人兼收并包和多元杂糅的特点。究其原因,吴文化的这一特点是吴人形成与发展的历史所造成的。     

Simplifying Second‐order Belief Attribution: What Facilitates Children’s Performance on Measures of Conceptual Understanding?

This study investigated how 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children’s second‐order belief attribution might be facilitated by either reducing information processing or varying the sequence of task questions. In Experiment 1, compared with Perner and Wimmer’s (1985 ) original second‐order false‐belief task, a new task with reduced information‐processing demands promoted better second‐order reasoning. In Experiment 2, half the stories included a second‐order ignorance question before a second‐order belief question. The ignorance question promoted second‐order belief understanding, superseding the improvement induced by lowered processing demands. Together, the findings suggest that second‐order belief performance can be facilitated if children focus on the concept of ignorance during the sequence of questioning.     

The ignorance contract: recollections of apartheid childhoods and the construction of epistemologies of ignorance

Working with the recollections of everyday experiences of apartheid collected by the Apartheid Archives project, and drawing on the emerging theorization of ignorance in the critical philosophy of race, this article explores how an ‘ignorance contract’ – the tacit agreement to entertain ignorance – lies at the heart of a society structured in racial hierarchy. Unlike the conventional theorization of ignorance that regards ignorance as a matter of faulty individual cognition, or a collective absence of yet-to-be-acquired knowledge, ignorance is understood as a social achievement with strategic value. The apartheid narratives illustrate that for ignorance to function as social regulation, subjectivities must be formed that are appropriate performers of ignorance, disciplined in cognition, affect and ethics. Both white and black South Africans produced epistemologies of ignorance, although the terms of the contract were set by white society as the group with the dominant power.     

多元化集成模式下交通基础设施建设融资风险识别研究

从单一模式向多元化集成模式转变已成为新形势下拓宽交通基础设施建设融资渠道的必然选择,在规避单一模式局限、形成多元模式优势合力的同时,也加剧了融资不确定性和复杂性,从而对融资风险识别提出了更高的要求。综合考虑多元化集成模式下交通基础设施建设融资风险的多源性、关联性、模糊性、随机性等典型表征,设计了与典型表征相匹配的融资风险识别框架,并构建了融资风险识别两阶段模型。在该模型中,明确了融资风险因素确定流程和维度划分规则,并提出了基于随机二元语义DEMATEL的风险因素关联分析方法进行融资风险因素的研判与诊断。最后,以“PPP+ABS”模式下大成西黄河大桥收益权计划为例开展了计算实验,验证了所构建模型的有效性,并给出了融资风险应对与化解的启示与建议。研究成果能够为相关利益主体明晰融资风险因素构成、研判融资风险因素影响力、诊断融资风险因素可控性、有效应对与化解融资风险提供系统性解决方案。     

节能减排过程的博弈分析

实现经济结构转型,将高消耗型转为"节约型",将高污染型转为"清洁型",推行以节能减排为起点的产业新政策是当前我国经济社会发展中迫切需要解决的问题.节能减排工作是我国发展循环经济的重要抓手,各级政府均给以高度重视.通过建立模型,对节能减排工作中上级政府与下级政府、地方政府与企业以及企业之间的博弈分析,寻求博弈双方在节能减排工作中的规律,探求推进节能减排工作的多元化政策工具.     

我国外语教学法理论的形成和发展

回顾了我国外语教学法理论的形成过程,探讨21世纪我国外语教学法理论的综合化和多元化特点,展望我国外语教学法理论的发展趋势.     

移动通信精品课程教学改革实践与探讨

结合北京邮电大学移动通信北京市精品课程的建设经验,提出了建设移动通信精品课程的要素,分析了目前教学中所存在的矛盾和问题,并在对比国内外专业课教学的不同的基础上,提出了教学改革的思路和办法,并进行了翔实的实践。     

罗蒂政治哲学:自由主义向实用主义妥协

对罗蒂的自由主义政治哲学进行评析可以发现其根本特点在于否定自由主义的理性主义基础,通过对罗尔斯新自由主义正义理论的曲解和裁剪,又在实用主义的前提下,把后现代主义和现代资产阶级的自由主义统一起来,他的自由主义政治哲学不但没有对自由主义这一西方主流政治哲学作出贡献,实际上是一种倒退,是一种实用主义和自由主义的杂烩。     

对罗尔斯“无知之幕”的马克思主义哲学反思

罗尔斯把正义解释为契约行为的结果,并设定无知之幕为契约主体的特殊理智条件,以保证消除各个参加商谈的契约主体对自己特殊善的意识。但是,无知之幕与契约行为的性质不相容。正义契约的利益攸关性使得其参与主体不可能对之采取纯粹思维游戏的态度而任意抽象地选择自己的思维方式,相反,却必然会被真实的自我存在意识所支配。而被作为人的存在前提的现实社会存在地位所决定的人的特殊自我意识,亦会必然卷入契约商谈过程而打碎无知之幕假设的有效性。     

Pluralistic ignorance in Sino–Hong Kong conflicts: the perception of mainland Chinese people living in Hong Kong

This study examined pluralistic ignorance in the context of conflicts between Hong Kongers and mainland Chinese in Hong Kong. This focus differs from past studies, which have mainly explored in-group pluralistic ignorance regarding whether people could correctly perceive the opinions of others who belonged to the same social group as they did. The present study investigated whether people could correctly perceive the public opinion of a collective to which they did not belong. Using two representative samples of mainland Chinese students and local students from three universities in Hong Kong, this study found that mainland students overestimated the local public’s unfavorability regarding Chinese mainlanders and the Chinese government. This overestimation was found to be positively associated with their attention to media content about the Sino–Hong Kong relationship and the extent to which they perceived the pertinent media content to be biased toward Hong Kong but negatively associated with their interpersonal communications with Hong Kongers about issues regarding the Sino–Hong Kong relationship. The overestimation of the local public’s unfavorability of Chinese mainlanders and the Chinese government reduced the willingness of mainland students to stay in Hong Kong for further study, work, or domicile. Based on the findings of this study, further research on pluralistic ignorance is recommended in order to determine how migrants perceive the mainstream opinion in the society to which they migrate.