The scrapbooking detective: Frederick Porter Wensley and the limits of ‘celebrity’ and ‘authority’ in inter-war Britain

Frederick Porter Wensley was one of Scotland Yard's ‘Big Four’ detectives, head of the Metropolitan Police Criminal Investigation Department and responsible for establishing the Flying Squad. On his retirement in 1929, he used the two bound scrapbooks of press clippings and photographs he had collated to document his personal life and career to inform his 1931 autobiography Detective Days and serialized press articles. Through examining the interaction of material between scrapbooks and autobiographical writings, this article explores how Wensley constructed his post-retirement persona as ‘celebrity detective’ from a canny understanding of what had made him a commercial subject for the press. It argues that Wensley recast his life to promote his own successes at the expense of a narrative of police unity, providing a vehicle for him to suggest further changes to the structure of the police force without official sanction. By juxtaposing this against tightening legislation on police communication with journalists during the inter-war period under the Official Secrets Acts, this article demonstrates how the ‘celebrity’ that Wensley sought to occupy was increasingly regarded as irreconcilable with police ability to effect ‘impartial’ regulation, anticipating the concerns raised by the 2012 Leveson Inquiry into the Culture, Practice and Ethics of the Press. The article thus charts a turning point in defining the relationship between police and press.     

基于AHP-物元综合评判的“工作执法一网考”考核模型及指标体系研究

警务考核是充分调动民警工作积极性，进一步提高打击犯罪和保障平安能力的重要手段，也是世界性难题。广东省公安厅为破解队伍管理的难题，创造性地提出“工作执法一网考”（下称“一网考”）的理念，建设并在全省推广应用“一网考”系统。本文通过对警务绩效考核中存在的问题进行分析，提出了“一网考”的考核模型，在此基础上建立了考核指标体系。基于层次分析法，对考核指标及权重进行了量化，使考核指标具有科学性、客观性和公正性；应用物元理论，建立物元综合评判数学模型，实现对民警的综合评价。     

An exploration of the relationship between police presence,crime and firms in developing countries

Economic theory predicts that a rise in police presence will reduce criminal activity. However several studies in this field have found mixed results. This study adds to the literature by exploring the relationship between the size of the police force and crime experienced by firms. Using survey data for about 12,000 firms in a cross‐section of 27 developing countries it is found that increasing the size of the police force is negatively associated with crime experienced by firms. Results are confirmed using a panel of firms for a subset of countries for which data are available. It is also found that this negative relationship is stronger under certain macroeconomic circumstances.     

Side-by-side: An evaluation of Connecticut’s police and youth interaction model

This study evaluated a community-based intervention program designed to promote positive youth development and to create positive interactions between police and youth in a non-enforcement environment. A pre–post-design was used to compare the results of the program for participating youth and police officers, particularly changes in each group’s attitudes toward the other. The results showed that participation in the program improved police officers’ and youths’ attitudes toward each other. For youth, the rate of change in attitudes was greatest for minority youth and for youth who had prior negative experience with the police. That is, youth who had negative prior experiences with police and began with negative attitudes toward police developed more positive attitudes toward police as a result of participating in the program. Furthermore, having opportunities for positive interactions between police and youth played an important role in decreasing negative perceptions of police for ethnic minority youth. This study suggests that community-based programs that involve police with youth can improve participants’ attitude toward each other, which might impact future interactions.     

Assessing LGBT People’s Perceptions of Police Legitimacy

ABSTRACT

Although lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people have achieved increased acceptance and access to social institutions in recent years, they have continued to be confronted with persistent homophobic attitudes, including from U.S. law enforcement personnel. Police culture often fosters these beliefs, and consequently results in the under-policing of LGBT citizens when victimized, but over-policing in places of leisure. This relationship is exacerbated when considering the intersectional effect of gender and sexual orientation, undoubtedly impacting legitimacy perceptions due to perceived (and actual) procedural injustice. Using original data collected at an LGBT festival in Arizona (N = 428), the current study examines the relationship between procedural justice and perceptions of police legitimacy among a historically marginalized population. Implications for theory and policy are discussed, with special attention given to contextualizing the findings within the current legitimacy crisis faced by American law enforcement.     

试论近代中国的女子警察

近代中国女警正式设于1932年冬季,世界各强国创设女警的潮流,近代女性社会地位的提高及女警自身的独特优势,使得近代中国女警察的出现成为可能。南京国民政府制定了招收与培养女警的具体方案,并在几个城市得到不错的实施。不少女警从事与男警一样的工作,女警因自身的优势受到特别的训练,说明女性的能力受到重视,他们与公共空间的接触也更大。警察制度因女警的出现而得到进一步完善。     

试论辛亥革命后的民国第一警局

1911年的辛亥武昌首义,给当时社会带来了深刻变化,湖北临时警察筹办处开风气之先,成为中华民国最早的警察机构。这一机构的诞生,不仅填补了清廷倒台后的治安空白,而且在运行过程中,克服了战事频繁、秩序混乱、经济困窘、人员奇缺等诸多困难,客观上起到了襄助革命颠覆清廷的作用,最终成为革命成果的一部分。     

陕甘宁边区的警察教育

陕甘宁边区政府在复杂多变的战争环境中,对边区的警察、保卫干部进行了卓有成效的教育和培训,很大地改善了警察的思想文化素质和业务技能;警察素质的提高,为边区创造了较为安全稳定的社会环境,也为日后新中国的警政建设储备了人才。     

警察执法能力探析

警察执法能力 ,就是警察依法履行职责、行使权力所必需具有的职业能力。根据心理学的原理 ,警察的执法能力应当具有 :认知能力 ,包括存储能力和总结经验能力 ;执法意识 ,其核心是守法意识和尚法精神 ;行为能力 ,包括定性能力、遵守程序的能力、维权能力、行使权力能力。选择自身素质良好的人才 ,创造科学的用人环境 ,不断地进行教育、培训 ,是建立起一支高素质的警察执法队伍的途径     

发展吉林民营经济的财税政策研究

民营经济作为极具活力的经济增长点,对东北老工业基地的振兴和国民经济的发展产生了日益重要的作用。但吉林民营企业发展仍面临资金不足、融资不畅、税费负担过重、服务体系建设滞后等问题。为此,应运用财税政策工具,进一步改善吉林民营经济的发展环境。