德意志联邦银行及其在国际货币体系中的作用

本文针对德国联邦银行的发展状况和货币政策的目标、职权、组织机构及其在国际货币体系中的作用略加研究评述，以期对我国目前的金融体制改革有所裨益     

Macht in der Organisationsberatung

Power in organization counseling. A qualitative study in a hospital in East Germany Power is a main topic of this analysis of a consulting process in an East German hospital: How power is appearing within organizational consulting? What is the power the client has, and the consultants have? And what is the interrelation between power and the resistance to change? In recourse to the theory of micropolitics, power is understood as the combination of rules and distribution of resources within an organization. The consulting process itself is interpreted as the consultant’s introduction to the ongoing game the organization is playing. The qualitative case study of the consulting process in an East German hospital clearly shows, how ineffective interventions remain, if the consultants fail to recognize and take into consideration the valid combination of rules and distribution of resources. In the presented case this combination is based on the peculiar history of East Germany. It was only after the project had failed that the consultants realized that they had been practiced upon.     

Killing the Golden Goose? Third Sector Organizations and Back‐to‐Work Programmes in Germany and the UK

Third sector, or not-for-profit, organizations have been viewed in many parts of Europe as agencies that can be harnessed by public policy programmes to support the socially excluded. Within the emerging mixed economy of welfare, third sector agencies offering training, support and employment for groups disadvantaged in the labour market provide an important example. This illustrates, from one specific field, the dynamics occurring at the interface between public and third sectors in the delivery of public policy goals. This article examines both the history of 'partnership regimes' in this field and the evolving local organizational arrangement. The developments in the contrasting welfare regimes of Britain and Germany, which exemplify different institutional traditions, are analysed. The potential impact of regulatory changes on the capacity of third sector work integration agencies to deliver policy goals is assessed in both countries using evidence from recent case study research. The analysis suggests that the emerging managerialist partnership structures are tending to convert third sector organizations into 'just in time' deliverers of poor programme outcomes in both welfare regimes while also eroding their distinctive potential to provide more than mere labour market integration.     

论德国的政府间关系

德国的政府间关系呈现为相互依存的合作型模式,它的形成是多种因素作用的结果。在此种模式下,州政府和地方政府参与决策,对联邦政府施加影响;联邦政府也运用财政手段去控制各成员单位,干预州政府和地方政府的事务。德国的政府间关系还体现为州政府与地方政府间的权力关系以及州政府间和地方政府间的横向联系,显现出地方政府自治权力扩大的趋势。德国政府间关系的协调机制保障了政府间的沟通与协作,有效避免和化解了政府间的矛盾冲突,保证了德国社会的和谐发展。     

论1935年英、法对德政策的分歧

1935年,为了对付来自德国的挑战,英、法两国采取了不同的对德政策。由于对德政策的分歧,英、法在如何处理意大利对外侵略的问题上互不配合,有名无实的对意制裁又把意大利赶入了德国怀抱,使欧洲局势更加恶化,并最终把世界再次推入大战的深渊。     

德国鲁尔区老工业基地改造过程中政府作用分析

从政府行为的视角对德国鲁尔区的产业结构调整进行历史考察,指出鲁尔区衰退的实质是其结构性危机。德国政府在其改造的三个时期中始终以产业结构调整为主线,从20世纪五六十年代的煤钢为主的传统产业结构调整到70年代的着重发展新兴产业,再到八九十年代侧重于针对不同地区的区域优势来发展优势产业,实现产业结构的多样化。德国政府从组织安排、基础设施、法律和财政支持等方面给予其保证。这为中国东北老工业基地改造提供了启示。     

Work/life balance policy in Germany: Promoting equal partnership in families

Across the OECD, public policies seek to support parents in achieving their desired work/life balance. This article introduces the background to and issues at stake in promoting equal partnerships in families in Germany. Families in Germany face considerable challenges to spending more time together and achieving a more gender‐balanced reconciliation of work and family life, as paid work hours for fathers are long on full‐time jobs and many women are in part‐time jobs. Family policy can play an important role and Germany has made substantial progress in supporting families ahead of and after the birth of a child. Important in this regard are the parental leave reforms of 2007 and 2015 and the extension of childcare supports that better enable fathers and mothers to combine work and family commitments. The article assesses recent developments in family policies in Germany while also drawing from the experiences of countries with longstanding policies to support work/life balance and strengthen gender equality.     

A Perspective on Critical Social Work

This paper articulates a perspective on critical social work that draws from poststructuralism and critical theory. Arguing that the critique of positivism, the unreliability of generalizations about humans, and the influence of new social movements have undermined the credibility of mainstream social work practice and theory, the author advocates the need for social work theory and practice that is predicated on social justice. The paper offers a critique of structuralist approaches to practice and then seeks to embed social work practice in epistemic responsibility and communicative responsibility.     

"More Basque than You!": Class,Youth, and Identity in an Industrial Basque Town

In this article, I argue that those of us who study nationalism need to "think class as we think the nation," and I suggest a framework for exploring the relationship between class and national identities and projects. I present the case of Basque nationalism and examine how different visions of the nation either include or exclude non-Basque, working-class immigrants. I show how during the economic crisis of the 1980s to early 1990s, young people created a novel Basque identity in the bars associated with the radical-Basque-nationalist movement. This identity combines leftist and nationalist politics with the styles of punk rock, a genre that flourished in the declining centers of industrial capitalism throughout Europe and the United States. Unlike competing versions of Basqueness, radical Basque identity is not ethnically exclusive. Thus it invites youths who are not ethnically Basque to become Basque by drawing on their oppositional politics and working-class backgrounds as alternative sources of "authenticity."