略论1972—1989年的两德合作关系

在一系列双边条约的基础上,1972年,联邦德国和民主德国合作关系开始确立。对民主德国而言,两德来往促进了经济发展,也危害了国家的长期稳定。但两德合作有利于世界与欧洲的和平,也为德国统一奠定了基础。     

The Promethean role of Europe: changing narratives of the political and scholarly left

ABSTRACT

The gradual abandoning of the ‘socialism in one country’ doctrine during the post-war period and the intensive transformation of European social democracy in the 1990s pushed social democratic politicians and intellectuals into the front line of advocates of a unified and powerful Europe. They contributed to the inclusion of social democratic and environmentalist values in the EU’s official narrative. The success of European integration and George W. Bush’s presidency created the narrative of the Promethean role of Europe. Scholars with a social democratic or environmentalist background created this narrative and it was also shaped by authors’ national contexts.     

论两次大战之间德国远东政策中的亲日倾向

一战以后,魏玛政府在远东一方面实行“非强权政治”、“中立”、“平衡”政策,为迅速恢复和改善与中国和日本的关系,重返远东市场创造了条件。另一方面,承认日本在远东的霸权,明显亲日。希特勒上台后,德国远东政策的亲日色彩愈浓,终致1938年后撕去“中立”外衣,抛弃中国,与日本结成政治、军事同盟,将人类拖入了第二次世界大战的深渊。     

试析奥地利1866年战败原因

奥普争霸是影响德意志统一运动进程的关键因素,在争霸斗争中奥地利最终于1866年战败,主要原因是:奥地利独立的大国政策使其更关心王朝利益,加之帝国重心东移,造成其日益偏离德意志的趋向:奥地利政治、经济上的落后状态使其逐渐丧失在德意志的优势地位;奥地利外交挫折。     

政府化行为·社会化组织·市场化运作--德国国防工业管理与军备采购模式的分析

本文在概述二战后德国国防战略方针的转变和介绍其国防工业管理与军备采购的现行机构与政策之同时 ,重点阐述并归纳总结出德国国防工业管理与军备采购模式科学与有效运行的三项内因 :政府化行为、社会化组织、市场化运作。     

第二次世界大战与战后和平

第二次世界大战是战争与和平历史运动的一个坐标,战后和平的方方面面无不关涉对第二次世界大战的“参照”。比如,1928年的《非战公约》终因二战而获得了价值认同;第二次世界大战“打”出来的联合国是战后和平的根本保障;二战后更加规范和完善的“和平解决国际争端”是战后和平的重要支撑。但是,“有限化战争”与“战争的变异”表明,要真正实现和平还需要一个遥远的过程。     

美、德终身教育现状比较研究

美、德两国都先后通过教育法案来促进和保障国家终身教育的开展,并利用公立和私立院校为民众提供多样的终身教育服务;两国终身教育体系在资金来源、办学机构、管理等及对终身教育概念的理解等方面又有明显差异。     

Foundations and Their Institutional Context: Cross-Evaluating Evidence from Germany and the United States

According to the relevant literature, the relationship between government and the private foundation sector in Germany is marked by a paradigm of conflict very similar to the one that has often dominated the U.S. discussion of government/nonprofit relationships in the past. More specifically, scholars often hold that the development of foundations in Germany is largely hampered by an administrative and regulatory climate that weakens rather than strengthens the foundation community. Two main arguments are brought forth in this context: First, the expansion of the state bureaucracy into traditional activity fields of foundations crowds out the foundation sector; second, the structure of tax regulations is detrimental to a sound development of foundations. However, while these arguments figure prominently in the policy debate, they have neither empirically nor analytically been substantiated as of yet. Borrowing from organizational theory, this article critically evaluates the arguments in the light of available evidence in an effort to contribute to a better understanding of foundations in an international context.     

简析四大类型电视节目的社会功能——以德国媒体为例

德国是世界上电视产业最发达的国家之一,尤其是两德统一后德国的电视业日益受到世人关注。电视产业的高度发达必然导致电视节目的高度类型化。电视栏目制作的标准化、播出的契约化典型地体现电视工业的特点。以德国高度类型化的四大电视节目为例,对四大类型电视节日的社会功能进行分析。