日德两国不同战争史观的文化分析

从对“罪感文化”和“耻感文化”两种不同文化形态的差异入手分析日德两种不同战争史观是一种有效途径。基督教神学的“原罪”和“救赎”意识同德国哲学中的“理性主义”和“批判精神”结合起来,把“罪感意识”作为道德评判的基准,依靠它来发展人的良心,正是在这种文化心理影响下,德国才能对侵略战争进行了彻底的、批判式的反思。在日本,伦理道德体系是建立在对天皇的“忠诚”基础之上的,国家神道、武士道是维系民族精神的有力思想武器,对天皇制国家的“忠诚”是道德和行为的最高准则,成为日本屡屡为侵略战争进行自辩的精神动因。     

Demographic challenges and health in Germany

Demographic challenges are affecting the health care system in Germany and globally: a growing aging population; low birth rates; sociopolitical, women’s health, and health care economic issues; and immigration. During a recent Fulbright Scholar program, scholars from several disciplines including demography, sociology, medicine, and nursing examined these demographic challenges facing Germany and other industrialized countries. Enormous challenges exist for industrialized and developing countries related to these demographic changes, the complexity of health care economics, and population issues. In Germany, the shifting population demographics are affecting health care, financing of the German health care system, and the growth of immigrant populations.     

战后初期香港教育危机及港英政府对策（1945—1955）

二战后初期,香港面临着严重的教育危机,战争的破坏使其停滞不前,而且自身也存在着严重的问题:教育资源的贫乏,学校、师资欠缺,适龄儿童失学问题严重,职业教育的相对滞后等,对此,港英政府制定出适宜的教育政策,缓解了失学问题,规范了香港教育,完善和发展了教育机制.     

论战后意大利政府在南部开发中的作用

长期以来 ,意大利南北地区存在着较大的经济差异 ,与北方相比 ,南方落后 ,这种状况对意大利社会产生了深刻的负面影响 ,战后意大利较好地解决了这个长期困扰意大利的社会问题 ,尤其意大利政府对南部地区的经济发展起了重要作用     

论中德会计环境的差异

中国和德国会计环境在政治经济、法律和社会文化等方面存在显著差异。借鉴德国财务会计的某些成功经验,对完善我国会计理论、指导会计实务具有启发意义。     

论世界遗产保护与发展的核心问题——从德国与四川世界遗产业的比较分析谈起

世界遗产是人类最具价值的自然历史和人类历史遗存,如何处理好遗产保护与发展的关系是一个有待长期研究的课题。本文通过德国与四川的世界遗产业的对比分析,提出了世界遗产保护与和谐发展中的六大核心问题:法制保障、管理规范、资金到位、人才培养、合理开发、社区和谐,并针对实际情况提出建议和意见。     

当代德国政党法治化研究

政党已经成为德国政治生活中最活跃、最有力量的政治实体,无论在选举、在议会,还是在政府组成中,政党都起着举足轻重的作用。德国政党政治的发展经历了一个历史过程,是制度不断改进的结果,其中,政党政治的法治化乃是政党政治发展的最重要标志。     

What are the chances of young Turks and Italians for equal education and employment in Germany? The role of objective and subjective indicators

As the recent OECD PISA studies have shown, social background plays a greater role for achieving a solid education in Germany than in most other developed countries; this is especially so for migrant youths. This paper deals with the question, which level education and qualification migrants in Germany achieve, and how their chances for achieving qualifications and positions are compared to Germans. First, an overview over results of studies on educational participation, degrees, and social inequality among migrants is given. Then I show, using data from the 2000 BiB-Integration Survey, that young Turks and Italians have achieved notably lower levels of education than Germans. Finally, I discuss possible reasons and agencies that might cause these findings, which then are scrutinised by empirical analyses. It can be found that the marked under-representation with regard to higher educational and professional degrees of young Italians and Turks is clearly related to the low educational level of their parents, as well as factors of integration and attitudes. It does become obvious, however, that Turks have lower chances that cannot be explained by their parents’ qualification or other factors. This is also the case for the second immigrant generation.     

刍议德、日对待战争问题上不同态度的原因

分析德、日两国对待战争问题上不同态度的原因;指出战后60年来,德、日两国对待战争采取了不同的态度.德国正视历史的荣与辱,正视纳粹时期的历史,使它赢得了邻国的尊敬并成为欧盟的重要成员;而日本右翼则极力否认、粉饰侵略历史,伤害了中国和亚洲有关国家人民的感情.     

1935年蒋介石、汪精卫争取德国调停中日冲突的目的辨析

1935年,蒋介石、汪精卫争取德国对中日冲突的调停,不是企图投靠德、日的反共卖国阴谋,也未出卖民族和国家利益。蒋介石的真实目的是希望通过德国的调停拖住日本,制止日本进一步扩大华北事变,以免中日发生全面战争,双方“同归于尽”。此外,也想为中国的抗日战争赢得准备时间。此时,蒋介石正准备联苏抗日,不可能与日本建立反苏阵线。随着南京国民政府对日政策发生某些重大变化,从妥协退让转向决心抵抗,蒋介石决定终止德国的调停。