错位与适应：学前教育小学化“为何”与“何为”

为了探究利益相关者视角下学前教育小学化产生的原因及其对策,以重心下移与深度聚焦为思路,对Z市X区4名家长和2名老师进行访谈,借助扎根理论,建构出学前教育小学化"错位"与"适应"的双重生态。"错位"诠释了学前教育小学化的"为何",具体表现为"主体错位"和"职责错位"的复杂交错。"适应"解释了学前教育小学化的"何为",具体表现为适应主体是"家长、幼儿园和辅导班的三管齐下";适应策略包括"坚决抵抗、无奈妥协、精明调适和无知得意";适应类型是"预防型和善后型、强迫型和引导型、突击型和持久型、长远型和短视型"的相互融合。     

初次收入分配对我国居民旅游消费影响研究

文章选取初次分配工资分配率、城镇居民基尼系数、各收入阶层旅游消费占比作为分析指标，经分析研究所得结论为：低、中收入阶层旅游消费占比与分配率负相关，分配率所代表的初次收入分配总量性影响对中收入阶层旅游消费影响较大，中、高收入阶层旅游消费占比都与城镇居民基尼系数正相关，其中城镇居民基尼系数代表的初次收入分配结构性影响对高收入阶层旅游消费影响较大；并针对各阶层的特殊性对各收入阶层旅游消费发展提出相应政策建议.     

Computer-Assisted Screening and Intervention for Alcohol Problems in Primary Care

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of a bilingual (English/Spanish) computer-assisted alcohol screening/intervention for hazardous and harmful alcohol use, the Health Habits Survey (HHS) was tested in primary care settings. Assessment-only patients were compared with patients exposed to the HHS. Of the 2053 recruited, 151 (7.4%) screened positive on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and were re-contacted six months later for follow-up. Significant alcohol reduction was observed in both conditions. No between-group differences were observed. Computer-assisted screening and intervention are feasible in primary care settings and may be a realistic provider-extender when traditional screening is absent or inconsistently implemented.     

我国文化产业30年发展情况及对策思考

文化产业是和文化事业同等重要的一种文化发展方式.本文拟就我国文化产业的三十年发展情况及发展对策进行分析和初步探讨.     

川西藏区藏族中小学校长心理控制源的调查分析

川西藏区地处四川省西部,其特殊的历史地理环境使得这一区域成为藏、汉、羌、彝等民族的聚居地,成为多元文化相互影响、相互碰撞的交汇之地。生活在这里的个体,特别是承担着振兴民族教育事业的各位藏族中小学校长们,在面对相对艰苦的自然环境、相对贫乏的教育资源、特别是面对多种文化交互影响的过程中,在个体心理控制源上表现出怎样的特征呢?作者采用罗特(Rotter.J.B)编制的《内在—外在心理控制源量表》对126名来自四川省甘孜、阿坝和凉山地区的藏族中小学校长进行了测试。结果表明:1、该地区藏族中小学校长的心理控制源在总体上倾向于内控性;2、其内控性在性别、年龄、学校所在地这三个因素上差异不显著;3、被测试的藏族中小学校长们普遍具有较强的社会适应能力。     

近五年陕西省中小学教师培训多元化需求分析调查及解决策略研究

通过对自2009年以来近五年我国中小学教师专业培训需求研究成果进行分析和整理,分别从培训需求政策、培训动机需求、课程需求、模式需求等方面进行分析,最后提出解决培训中出现的问题和策略,旨在为教育行政部门提供可借鉴的参考。     

西部农村中小学生性价值观培育现状及根源分析

在我国西部地区的广大农村,由于各方面条件的限制,西部农村中小学生的性意识成长和性价值观培育方面的系列问题令人担忧。家庭教育、学校教育和社会教育在对中小学生的性价值观培育过程中都存在一定程度的缺失,难以形成有助于中小学生性价值观念培育的良好社会环境。在网络色情的冲击下,中小学生成长中的性道德观被网络色情扭曲和肢解,性道德认知被失控的性乱象颠覆和异化,这些现象主要根源在于性文化的无序性、性道德观的冲突性、性行为的失范性。     

Cultural capital or relative risk aversion? Two mechanisms for educational inequality compared1

In this paper we empirically examined two explanatory mechanisms for educational inequality: cultural reproduction and relative risk aversion, using survey data taken from secondary school pupils in Amsterdam. Cultural reproduction theory seeks to explain class variations in schooling by cultural differences between social classes. Relative risk aversion theory argues that educational inequalities can be understood by between-class variation in the necessity of pursuing education at branching points in order to avoid downward mobility. We showed that class variations in early demonstrated ability are for a substantial part cultural: cultural capital - measured by parental involvement in highbrow culture - affected school performance at the primary and secondary level. However, relative risk aversion - operationalized by being concerned with downward mobility - strongly affects schooling ambitions, whereas cultural capital had no effect. Thus, we conclude that 'primary effects' of social origin on schooling outcomes are manifested through cultural capital and not through relative risk aversion (in addition to other potential sources of class variations such as genetics). Relative risk aversion, and not cultural capital, affects schooling ambitions, which is relevant for our understanding of secondary effects.     

从中美两个小学教学案例谈不同教育理念对未成年人的影响

小学阶段是学生接触知识的起始阶段,小学教育的效果如何对受教育者来说其影响往往是终身的.发生在中国和美国两个相距半个多世纪的小学教学案例,说明两国教育理念的巨大差别.我们应该反思我们的应试教育,借鉴美国的教育思想,开展我们以人为本的素质教育.