The psychological goods on clinical social work: a content analysis of the clinical social work and social justice literature

The purpose of this content analysis was to evaluate the extant literature on clinical social work and social justice. In July 2009, an online search of the university databases EBSCO Host (1988–2009) was conducted to identify articles on clinical social work and social justice. Thirty-six peer reviewed journal articles were identified and extracted. The majority were non-empirical articles (75%) published in the United States (94%) over a 21-year period from 1988 to 2009. Overall, clinical social work practice was described as psychological and/or sociopolitical interventions that had a direct and/or indirect effect on psychological and sociopolitical level social justice outcomes. Theories and practices consistent with social justice were advanced. These findings suggest that clinical social work's promotion of psychological well-being remains an underdeveloped area in the scholarly and research literature. In this era of professional educational reform, additional research and professional training on social justice based clinical social work practice is warranted.     

Children's Voices: Conflict‐Affected Orphans in Residential Care in Jammu and Kashmir

This paper is based on a study of thirty‐one children who lost their parent(s) in the course of armed conflict in the state of Jammu and Kashmir in India, and were put in various orphanages across the state. The qualitative research method was employed in order to examine and understand and the nature of problems faced by these children. It explores ways in which these children seek to come to terms with the reality, and highlights the importance and relevance of incorporating their views in programmes meant for their rehabilitation and reintegration into the society.     

Towards Employment: What Research Says About Support-to-Work in Relation to Psychiatric and Intellectual Disabilities

This article presents an overview of research about support-to-work in relation to psychiatric and intellectual disabilities. The overview shows that support-to-work services are multifaceted, and that work can be seen as a tool for individual rehabilitation or as a set of goals to achieve. Providers are presented with specific components, which are characterized by systematic, targeted, and individualized interventions. The overview illustrates a need for long-term engagement and cooperation of and between welfare services and agents within the labor market to dissolve the Gordian knot that the transition from welfare interventions to employment seems to be.     

福州市老年人社区康复需求现状与分析

人口老龄化对我国卫生事业的发展提出新的挑战,在新医改的大背景下,本文调查了福州市部分社区老年人慢性病康复现状．调查表明现有的社区医疗服务无法满足老年人的康复需要,迫切需要整合现有的医疗卫生资源,加强对社区康复人员的技术指导,在加大政府投入的同时鼓励民间力量发展老年社区康复。     

“教康整合”理念下特殊教育职前师资培养模式探析

学校教育的根本目的是学生的发展,而学生发展的首要条件是教师的发展。因而,特殊教育师资的成长发展是提升特殊教育品质的前提与保障。然而,特殊儿童的发展不仅依托于教育、教师的发展,还需要医疗康复的介入。鉴于特殊儿童康复的需要,而医生缺位、教育人员康复知识技能欠缺的现状,教育界和医学界普遍达成了"教康整合"的理念。众高校也响应这一理念,陆续提出新专业整合型教师的师资培养模式。     

先秦儒家人性论及其演变

先秦儒家人性论多从单一方面强调性无善恶或是性善、性恶,这种单一性的人性论不能从根本上合理地解释人作恶的原因和修善的可能性。但是先秦儒家人性论开启了人性本善和向善修养的人性论之先河。先秦儒家人性论经汉唐三品人性论、唐代李翱性善情恶的复性人性论,发展为宋明时期的＂心统性情＂的一心二门人性论,具有其必然性。儒家人性论的发展中,先秦儒家人性论具有性善论起源的启蒙作用。     

中国农民工工伤保险制度演进及运行效果评介

农民工工伤事故频发,其工伤保险受到各方的关注。采用历史分析方法对农民工工伤保险制度演进进行分析,发现工伤保险制度的研究与建设远远滞后于农民工发展的需要。从覆盖范围、行业分布情况、农民工的需求度和满意度四个维度对农民工工伤保险制度运行效果进行评估,发现农民工工伤保险制度的运行具有低效性。运用劳动力供求曲线等方法和技术,从农民工工伤保险需求、工伤保险制度供给和政府在工伤保险制度中的责任三个方面展开分析,其结果表明,农民工对职业风险缺乏足够认识及农民工间接承担工伤保险费用是导致农民工工伤保险需求不足的主要原因;中国现行工伤保险制度覆盖范围窄、工伤认定周期长、制度设置不科学等是导致农民工参保率低的制度供给原因;政府的制度设置责任缺位、激励雇主责任缺位等责任缺失是导致农民工工伤保险制度运行低效的政府责任原因。     

University Students’ Views on the Utility of Psychiatric Advance Directives

Abstract

Objective: Rates of serious mental illnesses (SMIs) among university students are increasing, and universities are struggling with how to respond to students who show SMI symptoms. Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) allow individuals, when well, to document their wishes for treatment during a psychiatric crisis. This project explored the feasibility of using PADs in university settings by examining students’ views towards PADs. Participants: Forty university students with SMIs were recruited for this study from 1 large university. Methods: A mixed-methods design was used, with both quantitative survey instruments and qualitative interviews with students. Results: Respondents were positive about PAD utility for students. Respondents saw PADs as beneficial because PADs gave students control over their treatment. However, students also considered PADs potentially problematic because PAD use raised a risk of breaching student privacy and stigmatizing students with SMIs. Conclusions: Although a promising intervention for students with SMI, this approach requires further research.     

Factors Associated with Employee Stress in Psychiatric Rehabilitation: Identifying Vulnerability and Resilience

ABSTRACT

Use of sick days related to mental stress and burnout is a growing problem in Germany. Since stress is related to work demands, there is a substantial need for suitable workplace health promotion programs. This study identifies several organizational and personal stress predictors and presents a predictive model for workers in the field of psychiatric rehabilitation. A cross-sectional design was utilized to collect the self-ratings of employees (n = 243) who typically work with patients. Univariate analyses show, overall, above average stress scores, below average scores in occupational self-efficacy, and a much higher proportion of a gratification crisis (that is, insufficient reward for work performance) compared to other people employed in health care. A multivariate model for predicting the heightened stress indicates the supposed pathogenetic and salutogenetic main effects for organizational variables, such as gratification crisis, and personal variables, such as occupational self-efficacy as well as an interaction of both types of variables. High occupational self-efficacy can attenuate the effect of an existing gratification crisis. Workplace health promotion programs in this field should address organizational and personal variables, in particular occupational self-efficacy and gratification crisis. Future research should focus on interaction effects based on a person-environment-interaction model.     

Mental health and substance use disorders among foster youth transitioning to adulthood: Past research and future directions

At a time when there is increasing attention being given to systematically integrating the well-being of children with the goals of safety and permanence in child welfare, little is known about the psychosocial functioning of foster youth transitioning to adulthood from substitute care. This article systematically reviews 16 peer-reviewed articles and/or research reports to identify lifetime and past year prevalence rates of mental health disorders and service utilization. At ages 17 or 18, foster youth are 2 to 4 times more likely to suffer from lifetime and/or past year mental health disorders compared to transition aged youth in the general population. Findings show that mental health service use declines at ages when the prevalence rate of mental health disorders is peaking. The findings of this review suggest the need to focus future efforts in three main areas: 1) setting a common research agenda for the study of mental health and service use; 2) routine screening and empirically supported treatments; and 3) integration and planning between child and adult mental health service systems.