论迪伦马特对理性社会非理性行动的批判

本文尝试从迪伦马特的喜悲剧《物理学家》(Die Physiker,1962)切入,研究其创作精神和戏剧理论。作者认为,迪伦马特的戏剧．承续了希腊戏剧的精神,开创了现代意义的喜悲剧的世界。     

和谐社会建设中公共理性发展战略与策略初探

建设和谐社会必须进行全民基础上的开放持久的学习,从而使公众在整体上拥有进行公共选择的理性和监督的能力,这是中国21世纪文明社会发展的重大战略方向。通过对公共理性内涵的界定,提出了基于网络环境发展公共理性的策略与方法。在对处理人类活动系统问题的软系统方法论进行分析的基础上,提出了用于发展公共理性的公共智能模式以及公共理性的形式化表达方法,从而为网络环境下公共理性的发展提供了一条可以被认知和实践的途径。     

Overcoming the Glass Barriers: Reflection and Action in the ‘Women to the Top’ Programme

Numerous equality programmes have been launched with the aim of promoting a more gender equal work life, yet little substantial action has been reported. This article presents a study of the Women to the Top programme in Sweden, supported by the European Union (EU) and aimed at promoting more women into top management positions. The research suggests that large‐scale projects assembling such heterogeneous actors as industry representatives, politicians and scholars tend to generate further reflection and discussion rather than promoting adequate and highly needed action. Drawing upon Brunsson's distinction between action rationality and decision rationality, the relatively modest effects of large‐scale equality programmes are examined, not in terms of a lack of commitment or competence on the part of the participants but as a matter of the disjunction between reflection and action. Reconciling reflection and action, that is, emphasizing not only reflection on gender inequality but also privileging various forms of practical action (such as new policies, the appointment of female managers, restructuring gendered wage inequalities or new recruitment procedures), is therefore a top priority for policymakers desiring more substantial changes in the gendered outline of industry.     

The role of aspirations and aspirations adaptation in explaining satisficing and bounded rationality

The explanation of bounded rationality in terms of satisficing has been received with skepticism, but Simon's claim that satisficing reflects aspirations and their adaptation could help resolve the matter, particularly taking account of the amplifications introduced by Selten to include motivational factors. Experimental investigations by Guth and his colleagues provide some support. Open-ended, in-depth interviews by Bewley and Schwartz help explain the factors that influence aspirations (which may differ for different tasks), giving attention to affective influences and also to context. They suggest a positive but more complicated relationship between the relative success in realizing profits aspirations and the adaptation of those aspirations, and also in the consequences that aspiration levels have for bounded rationality.     

在理性有限与法治价值之间——以民事举证责任制度设立之法理念为视角的实证分析

民事举证责任制度是为弥合理性有限和法的整体性之间的非连续性而设置的一种特殊制度。这种制度是人为追求社会的法治状态所作的一种价值选择。而民事案件中的真伪不明状态在法的自身实践过程中却出现悖论。     

论道家的社会发展合理性思想

在道家的社会发展合理性思想中,合理性的社会发展是与"道"的特性相一致的社会,它的社会制度是自然形成的,而不是圣人有意造作的结果。老子的小国寡民理想是一个"无争"的和平世界,庄子的"建德之国"则是个性得到充分发展的社会。     

功利主义辩难

作为一种道德——政治哲学，功利主义的合理性与其局限性几乎同样明显。功利主义的局限不仅源于其自身理论逻辑的不完备性，也来自其外部社会条件的有限性。因此，对功利主义局限性的克服，既非其理论上的自我完善，更不能奢望提出一种完美无缺、放之四海而皆准的替代性理论，而是应构建由各种不同的价值取向相互补充、相互矫正所形成的制衡机制，以有效地防止一种文化或一个社会由于过分地倚重某一种价值取向（如功利主义）而导致严重失衡，以至发生倾覆。     

论公众参与环境监管的补正功效与保障机制

环境监管是环境保护最重要、最关键的环节,加强环境监管是生态文明建设的迫切需求。法律赋予了政府保护环境的职责,地方政府通过环境监管保护环境,改善辖区内的环境质量,在环境监管体系中居于主导地位,但由于与利益追求和价值选择相伴生的局限性导致监管难以到位。公众参与环境监管有助于弥补地方政府环境监管不力、乏力,是环境法治发展的必然。为了提高环境监管的有效性,应当建立公众参与环境决策、环境执法、环境问责等保障机制,充分发挥地方政府主导、公众有序参与的作用,促进人与自然、人与社会和谐,以利于经济社会可持续发展。     

论大学的自主与自律

大学的自主与自律是由大学组织属性决定的相伴而生的一对范畴,随着大学与社会关系的愈加密切,两者之间更是相依而存且缺一不可,否则大学很难办也办不好。本文在分析讨论大学何以需要自主办学和何以需要自律办学的基础上,得出了大学的自主和自律均是确保大学既充满活力、富有效率又忠实于社会责任之大学理性的结论。     

在找寻中孤独，在撕裂中前行——《爱历元年》的女性悲歌

《爱历元年》的女性悲歌表明王跃文对爱情婚姻所持的依然是男权中心的理想主义态度。《爱历元年》揭示了秩序化的社会道德和理性的婚姻形式下,女性个体存在的孤独本质和对情爱的强烈渴望;展示了在激情的眩惑与理性的撕裂下,现代女性无法逾越的精神困惑和生存无奈。这种理性的社会秩序和个人的情感欲望之间的冲突,是对现代人生命自由和人类生存困境的探索与超越,它以具有鲜活生命体验的欲望书写和属己的生命经纬激发着人们的体悟和反思。