Women Reentering the Community: Understanding Addiction and Trauma-Related Characteristics of Recidivism

Women represent 26% of those arrested for serious crimes; many have posttraumatic stress and co-occurring substance use disorders, which may influence recidivism. This study examined 57 women residing in a community re-entry program after exiting prison. Participants completed the Trauma Symptom Inventory and Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory. A discriminant function analysis accounted for 34% of between-group variability and provided a profile of women who recidivated. Women who recidivated had greater alcohol dependence and lower rates of sexual dysfunction and sexual concerns. Practitioners should consider potential links between substance abuse, trauma, and sexual behavior in treatment settings.     

数罪并罚制度适用中的问题与应对

我国《刑法》规定的数罪并罚制度对贯彻罪责刑相适应原则和实现刑罚目的具有重要意义。生动鲜活的案例为检验数罪并罚制度的适用情况提供了契机。实践中,学者们对数罪并罚的原则、方法及与累犯、死刑相关的一些问题仍未能达成共识。对典型司法案例进行研究分析后认为:在适用数罪并罚制度时应具有正当性根据、符合立法目的和实现罪责刑相适应;死缓期间故意犯罪需要变更为执行死刑时,数罪并罚制度在审判程序中应暂缓适用。     

An Investigation of Successfully Treated Adolescent Sex Offenders

SUMMARY

Little is known about the characteristics of adolescent sex offenders who do not reoffend. Most studies emphasize reoffense rates, recidivism and those who reoffend. Moreover, these studies provide quantitative summaries without describing the individual, his behavior, and challenges after treatment. The present study seeks to provide novel information about the life experiences of adolescent sex offenders who have not reoffended after reentering society. Through a structured questionnaire and an in-depth qualitative interview, the adolescents (N = 7) provided information regarding their life experiences after treatment with an emphasis on the challenges they face in society.     

对我国累犯制度几个问题的思考

考察我国累犯制度,提出扩大特殊累犯的范围、单位成为累犯的主体、未成年人不构成累犯、刑罚执行完毕的刑罚应包括主刑和附加刑等看法.     

Restorative Justice Programs,Gender, and Recidivism

Restorative justice programs, which attempt to reintegrate offenders into society by building and strengthening interpersonal relationships, may provide the juvenile justice system with an effective option for female offenders. If women and men have different values, and women value connections with others while men value independence and autonomy [Gilligan, C. (1982). In A Different Voice. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press], then programs that explicitly focus on strengthening social bonds may be compatible with the value orientation of women. However, research on the operation of the juvenile justice system has noted a history of gender bias, as traditional notions of gender roles were reinforced by juvenile justice system professionals. While restorative justice programs may be effective in reducing recidivism among female offenders, at the same time, the informal nature of these programs may lead to the reinforcement of traditional gender roles.