Using Panel Data to Understand the Dynamics of Human Behavior in Response to Flooding

Insights into the dynamics of human behavior in response to flooding are urgently needed for the development of effective integrated flood risk management strategies, and for integrating human behavior in flood risk modeling. However, our understanding of the dynamics of risk perceptions, attitudes, individual recovery processes, as well as adaptive (i.e., risk reducing) intention and behavior are currently limited because of the predominant use of cross-sectional surveys in the flood risk domain. Here, we present the results from one of the first panel surveys in the flood risk domain covering a relatively long period of time (i.e., four years after a damaging event), three survey waves, and a wide range of topics relevant to the role of citizens in integrated flood risk management. The panel data, consisting of 227 individuals affected by the 2013 flood in Germany, were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and latent class growth analysis (LCGA) to utilize the unique temporal dimension of the data set. Results show that attitudes, such as the respondents’ perceived responsibility within flood risk management, remain fairly stable over time. Changes are observed partly for risk perceptions and mainly for individual recovery and intentions to undertake risk-reducing measures. LCGA reveal heterogeneous recovery and adaptation trajectories that need to be taken into account in policies supporting individual recovery and stimulating societal preparedness. More panel studies in the flood risk domain are needed to gain better insights into the dynamics of individual recovery, risk-reducing behavior, and associated risk and protective factors.     

服务失败和服务补救研究的关系视角

服务失败和服务补救研究对服务组织的盈利至关重要,从关系视角审视服务失败和服务补救问题是当前该领域研究的新课题。本文首先对服务关系进行了界定和描述,而后对相关的研究进行了梳理,并探讨了其中的理论机制,最后提出了这一研究的管理实践意义,以及进一步研究的设想。     

A qualitative case study of a Korean former addict’s existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation

This study explored the case of a former addict, focusing on his existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation process. This study began from the question of whether philosophical processes related to existential self‐interpretation could lead to the formation of the concept of bottoming out and of identity transformation. To answer this question, the study analyzed the case of a male in his mid‐forties who was addicted to drugs for approximately 30 years and has only recently maintained abstinence. The study used the phenomenological approach to determine the meaning drugs held for him in each stage, and what drug‐related identity he had in each stage. Further, this study identified the integrative implications of these meanings in terms of existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation. The four different identities the man identified for the four stages of his life were juvenile delinquent, gang member, half‐gangster, and breadwinner, and the associated meanings drugs had for him during each period were “glue,” “filthy,” “leeches,” and “abstinence,” respectively. Finally, this study elucidated the integration of these meanings through the hermeneutic circle, identified the social welfare implications of the findings, and developed educational recommendations.     

引入公益诉讼完善外逃腐败资产追回机制

随着《联合国反腐败公约》的生效,人们开始更多地关注反腐败的国际合作问题,公约最大的贡献就是设置了一套较为完整的腐败犯罪资产的追回机制,但是,由于立法上的滞后以及公约在实施过程中的实际困难,使得中国尚未探索出一套有效追回流失于境外腐败犯罪资产的制度;由于公益诉讼的自身优越性,引入公益诉讼制度,以充实和完善外逃腐败资产追回机制是值得我们认真思考的一条可行的道路。     

地震灾后重建绩效测量——以汶川、玉树、芦山地震为例

灾后重建是保障地震灾区群众重归正常生产生活的重要工作,那么如何测量灾后重建绩效,哪些因素会影响灾后重建绩效?文章回顾了灾后重建绩效相关研究文献,在此基础上认为效果和效率是灾后重建绩效的两大方面,以"消除灾害影响并恢复到灾前水平所用的时间"作为衡量灾后重建绩效的标准,能够反映灾后重建的效果和效率,具有可行性。以此为基础建立了灾后重建绩效的分析框架和测量方法,并选择汶川地震、玉树地震和芦山地震作为案例,对三次地震灾区的重建绩效进行了对比分析并简要分析了绩效差异原因。结果表明,三次地震灾后重建基本如期完成了灾后重建目标任务,但因存在灾害程度不同、对口支援质量不同等原因,三次地震灾后重建绩效存在一定差异。     

对运动性疲劳恢复的研究

结合运动训练及比赛的实践,运用生理学和运动医学等理论,采用文献研究法,论述了现代竟技运动的特征、疲劳恢复的理论基础,提出了运动性疲劳产生的原因、部位、诊断及恢复方法,以便为广大教练员、运动员对疲劳与恢复问题进行研究提供参考.     

论韩国金融部门改革

韩国金融危机是由于东亚金融危机的连带影响和国内经济结构造成的,为此韩国政府对财政、商业、劳动和政府 四个特殊部门进行了改革。在财政改革方面,成立了新的财政监管机构,在政府领导下关闭处理由问题的金融部门,增强金 融企业的竞争力。四年的改革使韩国迅速恢复了主要经济指标和存款利率,财政行业全面复苏。     

论云南绅士与清末收回铁路利权运动

清末,全国各地掀起了收回铁路利权运动,各地纷纷组建铁路公司。滇省绅士也应时而起,创建了滇蜀滇路公司,试图通过滇省自己的力量来修筑铁路。公司建立后,他们苦心经营、举步维艰,终因迈不出资金短缺,技术人才匮乏这两道坎而偃旗息鼓。与此同时,与英国争路权的斗争,经过绅士的努力取得了胜利,打击了英帝国主义的嚣张气焰。在是否赎回滇越铁路之议中,铁路公司的绅士也较留日学生表现得更为理性和客观。     

天然岩芯化学驱采收率机理的一些认识

用牛顿流体驱替一定的均质多孔介质系统结果显示，驱油效率由驱替液的毛管数决定。用化学液驱替天然岩芯时，除毛管数以外，还有很多其他因素影响驱油效率。天然岩芯，即使在宏观上是均匀的，在微观上也不均匀；驱替时所得到的效率一般被称为驱油效率，实质上是微观波及效率和驱油效率的乘积。牛顿流体没有弹性，驱替时，体系的润湿性不发生变化，不出现渗吸作用，不形成乳液，孔隙的几何形状不发生变化。但是，用化学液驱替天然岩芯时，由于化学液为粘弹性，体系有润湿性的改变，会出现乳化现象，渗吸作用也会出现。上述因素都会影响驱油效率，尤其是当多种因素同时作用时。分析了极限采收率和经济采收率的区别。很多文章都论述极限采收率，但经济采收率对油田的作用更大。化学驱应考虑上述因素，这对设计、开发、筛选化学剂以及确定驱油体系会是有益的，将深化我们对化学驱机理的认识，促进这方面更深入的研究。