The Normative Protection of Women from Violence

The literature on the relationship between violence against women and a norm protecting women (NPW) is reviewed. I suggest that the effects of the NPW are suppressed because violence against women tends to occur in intimate relations and such disputes tend to be kept private. The offsetting effects of NPW and intimacy (or relational distance) are demonstrated in a study of 384 self-reported violent disputes. In support of an NPW effect, I find that disputes are more likely to be reported to the police if an attack on a woman is witnessed by third parties. This gender effect is offset by the fact that disputes between intimates tend to be concealed from the police and from witnesses.     

关系：一种新的分析单位

社会科学的定量研究中都涉及到“分析单位”的问题。分析单位是什么?对这个问题的回答,一方面要看研究的对象是什么;另一方面又要结合社会研究中的资料类型来分析。总的来说,社会科学研究中的数据有多种,因而对应着不同的分析单位。一、三种数据类型J·斯考特(J·Scott,1992:3)认为,社会科学数据可以分为“属性数据”(attribute data)、“关系数据”(relational data)和观念数据(ideational data)三类。属性数据指的是社会行动者1(social actor)自身拥有的态度、观点以及行为等方面的数据,它们一般被视为社会行动者内在的性质、特点,如一…     

草地早熟禾主要经济性状间的灰色关联分析

应用灰色关联分析方法研究了坪用草地早熟禾地上生物量、生殖枝数、生殖枝高、穗长、穗粒数、结实率等6个主要经济性状与种子产量以及各性状之间的关联程度。结果表明,各性状与种子产量之间的关联度大小依次为单位面积生殖枝数＞单位面积地上生物量＞生殖技高＞穗长＞结实率＞穗粒数。地上生物量对生殖校高、生殖枝数和穗长的影响较大。     

关联供应链网络级联失效机理及鲁棒性研究

为了分析复杂关联供应链网络在遭遇干扰事件时的鲁棒性,研究关联网络层内和层间级联失效机理.通过随机规则生成供应链无向信息层网络和有向物理层网络,描述并分析由α、β、σ等参数表征的节点负荷、容量等网络结构特性.针对存在边流量约束的情况,提出相应的失效负荷分流策略;通过构建极大簇函数,判断关联供应链网络中经分流策略后仍具运作功能的有效节点,并依据供应链信息层网络和物理层网络间一对一匹配的关联关系,构建时变失效迭代状态方程,从而有效描述关联网络间的动态失效传递.最后,在不同参数控制下,对初始单个节点故障和多个节点故障两种情况下的关联供应链网络综合鲁棒性进行数值仿真分析.按节点度从大到小、从小到大、随机3种方式去除多个节点,结果表明在β=0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 4种参数下,按度从小到大方式去除多节点,其引发的关联网络级联失效规模较之其它两种方式大;同时发现关联供应链网络在多节点去除情况下,其级联失效较之单层网络具有明显的一级相变特性,即少量的节点移除就会导致整个关联供应链网络崩溃.     

服务人员互动风格对顾客忠诚的影响研究:关系利益的中介作用

在竞争性环境中,服务人员的有效互动尤其重要.基于此,应用关系营销理论,构建服务人员不同互动风格对顾客忠诚的影响模型,探索不同关系利益在其中的中介作用.以北京某品牌汽车4S店为背景展开调查,运用结构方程模型进行实证研究.研究结果表明,服务人员互动导向型风格既对顾客忠诚产生直接的影响,还通过顾客感知的信任利益和社会利益对其产生间接影响;任务导向型和自我导向型互动风格仅通过顾客感知的信任利益对顾客忠诚产生间接影响.     

战略联盟的范围、治理与稳定性间关系的实证研究

本文从联盟伙伴间的关系视角出发,分析了战略联盟的合作范围和治理类型对伙伴间关系稳定性的影响.由于稳定性是一个抽象且难以用显性指标直接测量的变量,本文把它构建为一个二阶因子结构,并用企业间信任、相互依赖和冲突解决这三个一阶因子来度量它.在此基础上,通过问卷调查获得127家德国联盟企业的数据,并对提出的假说进行了检验,分析结果表明合资企业比非股权契约联盟更有可能享有稳定的伙伴间合作关系,而联盟的范围即联盟协议中所包含的合作活动的多少对联盟稳定性没有显著的影响.     

信息技术如何实现契约治理与关系治理的平衡——基于D公司供应链治理案例

运用纵向案例研究,通过过程模型来解析基于契约和关系二元治理平衡的形成路径,打开信息技术与契约和关系的二元治理平衡之间的"黑箱"。研究发现,促进长期跨组织协同的关键在于实现基于关系和契约的治理机制平衡;信息技术能够在跨组织治理过程中实现治理机制的动态叠加,在治理机制不断优化的过程中实现治理机制之间的平衡。这一研究进一步丰富了跨组织治理理论,对中国企业在互联网环境下的长期合作具有启发和指导意义。     

Diffusion of Variegated Neoliberalization processes in Euro-Mediterranean policies: a strategic relational approach

ABSTRACT

Recent contributions to the study of neoliberalism have made considerable advances in transcending the dichotomy between understandings of the concept either as an ‘ideology’ or as a monolithic ‘structure’. In particular, the Variegated Neoliberalization (VNLT) approach has proposed an understanding of neoliberalism that relies on a path-dependent moment (i.e. the ‘uneven development of neoliberalization’) which is then followed by a path-shaping moment (i.e. the ‘neoliberalization of regulatory uneven development’). Such a perspective allows us to understand both systemic and contingent tendencies in neoliberalization processes across different geographies, transcending the socially constructed North–South divide. However, the VNLT approach has encountered a number of critiques, particularly in relation to its treatment of agency. In order to transcend these critiques and propose a more nuanced understanding of ways agents reflexively and recursively interpret and deepen – or refrain from deepening – neoliberal norms, I turn to the Strategic-Relational Approach (SRA) proposed by [Jessop, B. (2001). Institutional re(turns) and the strategic – relational approach. Environment and Planning A, 33(7), 1213–1235]. Through the SRA, it becomes possible to pinpoint both instances of ‘structured coherence’ and ‘patterned incoherence’ resulting from agential reflexivity in different contexts of neoliberalization. I will therefore turn to cases where these two patterns can be observed in the context of Euro-Mediterranean policies – that is, Morocco’s ‘structured coherence’ due to its internalized and deepening neoliberalization, and Egypt’s ‘patterned incoherence’ as a result of its still uneven development of neoliberalization.     

Regression,Self-Disclosure,and the Teach or Treat Dilemma: Implications of a Relational Approach for Social Work Supervision

This paper presents a brief review of a relational approach to clinical supervision and argues for its application in social work settings. Although an integral and essential part of practice, clinical supervision is underrepresented in the practice literature. Given this paucity of writings on supervision, the recent book by Mary Gail Frawley-O'Dea and Joan Sarnat, The Supervisory Relationship: A Contemporary Psychodynamic Approach, stands out as a seminal contribution because the authors present a fully developed relational model of supervision that fills a major gap in the development of contemporary relational theory and practice. We selectively review the basic concepts and principles of Frawley-O'Dea and Sarnat's model and apply this supervisory approach to current social work practice. Our focus will be on exploring three controversial and much-debated topics: self-disclosure, regression, and the teach or treat dilemma. Case vignettes from two supervisory experiences will serve to illustrate how a relational approach enhances both the treatment and the supervisory relationship.     

Reputation in Rupture: Broken Alliances and Relational Politics in the Roosevelt-Taft Split

Under what circumstances do close allies sacrifice their unity? By what process do bonds break? Although it might be argued that political ruptures are determined by incommensurable ideas (policies, philosophies) or by contentious personalities (temperament, character), we argue that neither explanation is sociologically sufficient. Extending the theories of interpersonal ruptures of Diane Vaughan and Robert Emerson to political domains, we take a relational approach to politics by emphasizing the centrality of the availability of reputational information, networks of supporters, and public displays of antagonism in response to affronts within systems of institutional power. Our approach to public ruptures draws on a detailed case study: the broken alliance between presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft, a dramatic instance of changing master-protégé relationship. The transition from close interpersonal alliance to public distaste typically involves four stages that expand a relational breach to an irreparable rupture: (1) personal grievance, (2) substantive disagreement, (3) public awareness, and (4) network activity. While every detailed case has limits, we note comparable instances and contend that this model applies broadly to broken partnerships in politics or other public domains.