Relational sociology: a well-defined sociological paradigm or a challenging ‘relational turn’ in sociology?

In this paper I present and summarize the theoretical proposals of four leading scholars of the so-called ‘relational sociology’. First of all I try to contextualize its emergence and developments in the increasingly globalized scientific system. From this particular (and international) point of view, relational sociology seems to develop through a peculiar scientific path opened and charted by well-identified actors and competitors, their invisible colleges, their global connections, cleavages, and coalitions. Whatever the structuring of this field, it accomplishes the criticism of classical individualistic and collectivistic sociological theories, a task strongly facilitated by the development of new methods and techniques of empirical research, and by the increasingly powerful computing capabilities. After this brief historical reconstruction, and following very strictly the contributions of the four scholars, I try to synthetize their theoretical designs, focusing the analysis on two scientific issues of great significance for the future of relational sociology: the specific ontology of ‘social relations’ and the methodologies used to observe it adequately. Finally, I wonder if we are facing a new sociological paradigm, already well structured and internationally established, or rather a ‘relational turn’ that probably will develop into a new ‘sociological field’ internally very differentiated and articulated.     

The Cost of a Calling? Clergywomen and Work in the Church of England

This article explores the work of clergywomen in the Church of England within an analysis of the Church as a gendered organization. We highlight the sex discrimination they often face, at the same time as satisfaction with their work and the need to follow their calling regardless of the difficulties. This is explained through an analysis of the significance of religious calling and the requirement for ‘sacrifice’ on their ability to endure their work and to challenge discriminatory treatment.     

试论屈原《九歌》为“祭事歌”

历代楚辞学家以屈原《九歌》为“祭祀歌”,然考屈原的身份、《九歌》的词采、祭祀的礼仪,与此说多有不符。《九歌》当为“祭事歌”,即为一场祭祀之后的记叙与抒情,而非“祭祀歌”。结合史料考察这场祭祀的时间、原由、主祭者等因素,可更加有力地证明屈原《九歌》为“祭事歌”。     

卜辞燎祭的演变

在殷墟卜辞中,燎为祭名.从新发现的甲骨文材料中,在殷墟晚期卜辞出现了"燎示"的辞例,说明燎与沉埋之典,是随时而有所改革,所祭对象亦有所不同.但在庙祭中,燎祭一直延续到商末.燎祭之典后被周族人所承袭并有所增益.     

竞渡本招屈考——兼论龙舟竞渡的起源及其文化意义

先秦至今历代龙舟竞渡文献资料及竞渡起源诸说表明,龙舟竞渡起源于先民的生产、生活,春秋战国时期融入纪念意义。各地、各民族原本差异很大,后世在文化传承过程中,纪念屈原成为共识。竞渡中的巫风与其他习俗源于夏、周时代,屈原为代表的楚辞作家,正是继承与发扬了夏、周文化。     

民间祠祀与李靖神化

唐代开国名将李靖因其丰功伟绩而为后继历朝列于国家祀典。然而,对李靖神化具有主导因素的却是民间广修祠庙并不断附之以异说。这种民间的祠祀加速了历史人物李靖向神祗的转化。     

论常见表达式的应用

针对派生表不需要创建持久性视图但无法只在查询中定义派生表一次然后多次使用的问题,根据CTE一次定义就可以多次使用的特点,在同一WITH子句中定义多个CTE,每一个都引用先前定义的CT执行非递归查询。CTE根据一个非递归查询作为锚定成员和一个递归查询作为递归成员执行递归查询。应用表明,能取得良好的效果。     

Top Ten Challenges for Understanding Gender and Aggression in Children: Why Can’t We All Just Get Along?

This essay identifies ten significant methodological challenges for understanding aggression and gender. In light of the recent explosion of research on indirect/relational/social aggression, it seems important to clarify gaps in our current understanding and to identify promising methods by which better answers might be found. The discussion begins with basic issues of definitions, contexts and subtypes, moves on to points concerning sampling and measures, and addresses whether current evidence warrants deciding that girls are as aggressive as boys. We conclude that although research has shown that the majority of girls' aggression takes indirect/relational/social forms, it is premature to conclude that boys do not also engage in these behaviors. We caution against assuming that physical and indirect/relational/social aggression are comparable in their developmental origins and consequences, and urge researchers to consider that fully understanding indirect/relational/social aggression might require different conceptual frameworks and research methods.     

民间祭谷习俗及其服饰文化现象

当社会逐渐发展到以农耕为主的时候，人们的思想和精力更多地放在对自己耕种的谷物的需求上。祈求谷物丰产、生活幸福成了人们的向往，人们按照自己的想象创造了谷精、谷神的形象，并以不同形式对其进行装饰打扮，使其丰富多彩，各具特色，并形成了特定的服饰装扮、祭祀方式和文化现象。从世界各地民间不同的祭谷习俗中可看出他们不同的习俗和服饰文化现象。     

《诗经·君子偕老》解——兼论假发与祭祀的关系

我国古代曾以盛发高髻为美,因而在祭祀中戴假发是对参祭妇女的仪表要求之一。根据《周礼》及相关记载,《君子偕老》中出现的"副""象衣""翟""展"是王后在祭祀中专用的假发和服装。从祭祀的角度理解《君子偕老》,可以对诗歌有更深地认识。