Sex hormones and choice under risk

We study the correlation of choice under risk in Holt–Laury lotteries for gains and losses with gender, the use of hormonal contraceptives, menstrual cycle information, salivary testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol as well as the digit ratio (2D:4D; length of the index finger to the ring finger of the right hand) in more than 200 subjects (45% females). In males, salivary testosterone is negatively correlated with risk aversion for gains only. In females, salivary cortisol is positively correlated with risk aversion for gains only. No other significant correlations between risk preferences and salivary hormones are observed. No significant correlations between risk preferences and the menstrual cycle are observed in naturally cycling females. No significant correlations between risk preferences and the digit ratio are observed in either gender and/or race.     

Symptoms of Mental Health Problems: Children’s and Adolescents’ Understandings and Implications for Gender Differences in Help Seeking

Amidst concerns that young people’s mental health is deteriorating, it is important to explore their understandings of symptoms of mental health problems and beliefs around help seeking. Drawing on focus group data from Scottish school pupils, we demonstrate how they understood symptoms of mental health problems and how their characterisations of these symptoms as ‘rare’ and ‘weird’ informed participants’ perceptions that peers, teachers and parents would respond to disclosure in stigmatising ways. Consequently, participants suggested that they would delay or avoid disclosing symptoms of mental health problems. We highlight subtle gender and age differences and outline implications for policy and practice.     

Development of the Sexual Sensation-Seeking Scale for African American Adolescent Women

ABSTRACT

We used data derived from two independent studies to examine the psychometric properties of a new scale to measure adolescents’ willingness to engage in sexual sensation-seeking behavior. In Study 1, the Sexual Sensation-Seeking Scale for Adolescents (SSSA) was administered to a sample of 715 African American adolescents ranging in age from 15 to 21 years. The SSSA demonstrated strong internal consistency, moderate stability, and satisfactory construct validity. In Study 2, the SSSA data from a subsample of African American adolescent women detained in youth detention centers were analyzed (N = 103). Strong internal consistency was demonstrated with this sample as well. The results indicate that the SSSA is a reliable and valid measure of sexual sensation seeking for African American adolescent women.     

马克思地租理论及其应用——兼论小城镇建设用地存在的问题与对策

依据马克思地租理论,地租杠杆对小城镇建设用地具有调节作用.小城镇建设对土地的利用状况,不仅关系到耕地非农化的速度和水平,而且直接影响到广大农村对土地的利用.深入研究马克思地租原理和小城镇建设的用地问题,具有重要的理论和实践意义.     

The Association Between the New Rural Cooperative Medical System and Health Care Seeking Behavior Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese

The new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS) is the primary form of social insurance in rural China. This study aims to explore how the NCMS influences the health care seeking behaviors of middle-aged and older Chinese, considering the family and community contexts. A series of multi-level (three-level) models using data from the first wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) are used. We find that the presence of NCMS coverage has a statistically significant association with seeking inpatient and outpatient care but not physical checkups among middle-aged and older rural Chinese: Rural residents insured by NCMS were more likely to seek inpatient and outpatient care than people who were not insured. Other factors at the individual level (such as self-perceived health and number of doctor-diagnosed chronic diseases), the family level (such as living arrangements and household expenditures), and the community level (such as the presence of township hospitals within the community) are also significant predictors of health care seeking behaviors.     

邓小平对毛泽东实事求是哲学思想的坚持发展

实事求是为毛泽东哲学思想的核心，包含将古语升华为科学命题，确立为党的思想路线、实践观点与群众路线等主要内涵。邓小平坚持发展的重大贡献在于：重新恢复和确立为党的思想路线，实事求是内涵有了更完善更准确更科学的界定，强调实践至高无尚的权威，支持群众的改革创造，不搞无谓争论而以人民满意为度。     

论邓小平理论与毛泽东思想的渊源关系

本文试从邓小平理论与毛泽东思想形成的理论基础,以及在一系列重大理论和实际问题上邓小平理论对毛泽东思想的继承、丰富和发展,阐述了两者是一脉相承的科学体系。     

毛泽东实事求是思想的形成、发展及启示

毛泽东实事求是思想路线是我党革命和建设的依据,是认识和改造世界的强大思想武器。在当前和谐社会建设时期,重新认识实事求是意在为和谐社会建设保驾护航。本文从毛泽东实事求是思想形成和发展的路径入手,提出一些自己的见解,以启发读者。     

刘少奇经济建设思想的特色

刘少奇参与制订了我国经济建设多项重大决策与方针 ,对中国社会主义经济建设进行了积极的探索。他坚持马克思主义的实事求是精神 ,具有强烈的改革创新意识 ,以发展生产力、改善人民生活为经济建设的目的。他的经济建设思想具有鲜明的特色     

中国诗书画艺术的观照方式

“仰观俯察”、“远取近求”的艺术观照方式,构筑了华夏民族独特的认识自然、省悟人生的思维及审美模式和艺术生成发展的基础,形成了中国诗文、书法、绘画等艺术形式特有的品格特征。