中国居民的消费行为与长期经济增长

运用现代宏观经济学的消费与储蓄理论,分析了导致中国近年来居民消费行为变动的因素及其对长期经济增长的影响,并据此提出刺激居民消费持续增长的对策.     

关于我国邮政金融改革的思考

邮政储蓄在央行支持下长期以来得到了迅速的发展,而在新政策和金融改革逐步推进的压力下,随着转存款利率的不断调低,邮政储蓄面临巨大的挑战。根据各国改革的经验,我国邮政储蓄的改革很有可能是先实现邮政储蓄的独立经营,之后再完成股份制改造。在其模式选择上,提出了以批发业务为主的商业银行和组建全国最大的零售银行两种模式。     

中国居民储蓄高增长的经济研究

居民储蓄是国民储蓄的重要组成部分。居民储蓄的快速增长,成为我国经济发展的主要资金来源。但过高的储蓄,必然伴随着投资或消费的不足。本文通过对影响居民储蓄的主要因素进行定量分析,发现国民生产总值、利率水平、政府政策以及居民收入差距对储蓄水平起到了重要的作用,在此基础上,通过进一步分析,针对我国偏高的居民储蓄提出建议与对策。     

流动性过剩的衡量及其与收入差距的关系

在流动性过剩的研究中,分歧较大的是关于流动性过剩的度量问题。由于学者们所提出的度量标准不同,因而得出的结论和政策建议也就差别很大。文章提出了新的流动性过剩衡量指标,并从收入分配的角度,对流动性过剩与收入差距的相关性进行了分析,认为收入差距过大造成过度储蓄,从而形成流动性过剩的存在条件,因此,我们应该通过收入分配政策的调整来进一步治理流动性过剩。

Abstract：

Among the studies of excess liquidity,academics at home and abroad have hugely different views on excess liquidity measures.As specialists put forward various measurement criteria,the conclusions and policy proposals at which arrived by the other scholars exist great differences.This paper,based on income distribution,argues that the excessively wide income gap will cause excess savings,and then forms existing conditions of excess liquidity through setting forth indicators of excess liquidity measures which never been publicized and analyzing the correlation between excess liquidity and income gap.Therefore,we should further control excess liquidity via the adjustments of income distribution policies.     

对我国建立存款保险制度的初步探讨

存款保险制度是预防银行经营风险的一项有效措施。本文通过对西方国家比较成功的存款保险制度的分析，认为这一制度可以保护存款者利益，监督并促使银行在保证安全的前提下进行经营活动。文章还对我国如何建立这一制度提出了初步的设想。     

美国医疗保障体制改革评析

美国是世界上实行市场主导型医疗保障体制国家的典型代表,其医疗保障体制具有市场化、分散性、复杂性和混合性等特点,但同时面临着医疗费用急剧上涨、效率相对低下和公平性不足等问题。为解决这些问题,美国医疗保障体制处于不断改革之中。本文首先分析了美国医疗保障体制面临的问题,然后重点介绍20世纪90年代克林顿政府的医疗改革方案和21世纪初小布什政府的医疗改革思路,最后对这些改革方案进行评析。     

风险与预期：社会保障对中国居民消费与储蓄行为的影响

目前,中国经济继续处于快速增长阶段,但出现了总需求不足下的居民储蓄总量持续攀升的状况,高储蓄、低消费所造成的内需不足已经成为中国经济快速发展和良性运行的主要制约因素,而社会保障体系的不健全是老百姓不敢花钱的重要原因。本文分析了中国社会保障水平及社会保障制度对居民储蓄行为的影响,试图从社会保障角度来探讨扩大内部需求、刺激居民消费和增进国民福祉的关键。     

The potential of asset‐based development strategies for poverty alleviation in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Ssewamala FM, Sperber, ES, Zimmerman JM, Karimli L. The potential of asset‐based development strategies for poverty alleviation in Sub‐Saharan Africa Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 433–443 © 2010 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare. This article explores the potential of a relatively new approach to social development as a poverty alleviation strategy in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA): asset‐based development, an integrated approach to human, social, and economic capital formation. It considers the theoretical framework guiding asset‐based development and the accompanying set of programmatic and policy‐level tools for poverty alleviation in SSA. After considering the recent historical and theoretical contexts of the approach, the authors examine the potential of asset‐based development programs, specifically savings‐led microfinance programs for the poor, to engender development and, more specifically, poverty alleviation in the region. Major challenges and directions for future research are presented.     

偏态收入分布对储蓄高增长的影响

采用计量验证的方法,分析了中国1985～2002年间储蓄增长与收入分布之间的关系,实证分析表明:收入分布与储蓄水平的高低具有相关性。偏态的收入分布会造成过高的平均储蓄倾向。当前的高储蓄从侧面反映出收入分布的不合理,应采取有力措施促进中等收入阶层的壮大。     

Social and Psychological Barriers to Private Retirement Savings in Hong Kong

Using a phone survey conducted among Hong Kong workers, we examined the association of institutional, social, and psychological factors with engagement in both private retirement savings and the total amount of savings. Alarmingly, this study demonstrates that approximately 42% of Hong Kong workers do not save privately for their retirement. We found that age, education, number of children, support from spouse and friends, social regulation, perceived financial knowledge, and financial management capacity are associated with engagement in private retirement savings. Among those who saved, age, education, perceived financial knowledge, and financial management capacity are related to the amount of savings. Measures that could increase the social support for retirement savings as well as enhance their financial knowledge and management ability should be developed and implemented so that more workers engage in private retirement savings. A promising policy option for the Hong Kong government is to offer a tax incentive to promote additional savings for old-age income protection.