论储蓄合同的成立

尽管各国普遍将储蓄合同作为实践合同和要式合同 ,但是储蓄合同的实践性和要式性目前尚无统一的认定标准 ,对类似案件各国各地区法院判决各异且难有说服力 ,然而这一标准的正确界定对确认当事人的权利、义务以及风险的承担具有重要的意义。本文归纳并分析了实践中出现或可能出现的各类情况 ,以期全面、准确地认识储蓄合同的实践性和要式性。同时还引入民法的缔约过失原则 ,提出在诸多情形中尽管储蓄合同尚未成立 ,储蓄机构仍应承担交存款项丧失的风险 ,因为处于强者地位的储蓄机构有在其领域内保障交存款项安全的先契约义务     

The role of savings and wealth in reducing ‘wilt’ between expectations and college attendance

‘Wilt’ occurs when a young person in high school expects to attend college but does not do so shortly after graduating. In this study we find that youth with no savings account in their own name are more likely to experience wilt than any other group examined. In multivariate analysis, young people who expect to graduate from a four-year college and have an account are approximately six times more likely to attend college than those with no account. Teens who expect to graduate from a four-year college and have designated a portion of their savings for college are approximately three times more likely to attend college than those with no account. Additionally, when savings are taken into account, academic achievement is no longer a significant predictor of college attendance. Policy implications are discussed.     

The role of assets in improving college attainment among Hispanic immigrant youth in the U.S.

Despite the importance of higher education, Hispanic immigrant youth still have far lower college attainment rate than whites in the U.S. Existing studies show the significant role of household assets on educational attainment even after controlling for income. Thus, this study examines the role of homeownership and school savings on Hispanic immigrant youth's college attendance and graduation. Findings show that homeownership is a significant positive predictor of Hispanic immigrant youth's college attendance and graduation, but parent school savings is not a significant predictor. Policy and practice implications discussed.     

消费价格中的居民收入与居民储蓄

价格在经济生活中的重要性,使人们一直想弄清价格决定的基本原理。间接反映消费价格的有社会消费品零售总额、人均居民消费水平等,其中恩格尔系数是常用的评判依据。从1978年以来居民收入与恩格尔系数之差逐渐加大,由此居民储蓄增加成为可能。居民储蓄增长速度明显超过了收入增长速度,出现"超储蓄"现象。居民储蓄成为价格波动的一个影响因素。居民储蓄破坏了消费品的产出和购买之间的供求平衡,同时又实现中间产品的投入和产出之间的供求平衡,这同样使总供求均衡无法实现。减少今天的消费等同增加将来的消费。那么,假设减少今天的消费导致消费品供大于求,而这将增加存货,那么中间产品即便增加了也没有什么意义。     

Professionals’ Perceptions of Food Insecurity Among Their Low-Income Clients

Abstract

This research examines the awareness of social service professionals of the food security of low-income families in a community-based savings program. Based on survey data of 65 community agencies in seven states that offer the Individual Development Account (IDA) program, the study investigates program providers’ awareness of the food security of IDA program participants. Second, this study presents IDA program provider activities to alleviate food insecurity and summarizes their opinions about how food insecurity could be prevented among their program families. Results show that providers were aware that families did not have enough of the kinds of food they want to eat. This perception was most strongly related to IDA programs with longer durations. Program families’ reports of their children’s food insecurity aligned well with the extent of food hardship reported by the program providers. Access to food and nutritional wellness services was considered most relevant for alleviating food insecurity. Financial security, access to community resources, and direct access to food and family support networks were considered important factors for protecting families from the threat of hunger. Research is needed to identify the role of community organizations that do not provide nutrition assistance for helping low-income families overcome food hardship.     

Effects of an Individual Development Account Program on Retirement Saving: Follow-up Evidence From a Randomized Experiment

We examine the 10-year follow-up effects on retirement saving of an individual development account (IDA) program using data from a randomized experiment that ran from 1998 to 2003 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The IDA program included financial education, encouragement to save, and matching funds for several qualified uses of the saving, including contributions to retirement accounts. The results indicate that as of 2009, 6 years after the program ended, the IDA program had no impact on the propensity to hold a retirement account, the account balance, or the sufficiency of retirement balances to meet retirement expenses.     

试论民国时期的邮政储蓄（1919—1937）

近代中国的邮政储蓄始办于1919年,1930年邮政储金汇业总局在上海成立。此后,随着邮政储蓄体系的发展,邮政储蓄在民国经济金融中的地位及功能也不断发生着变化。本文拟从微观金融机构、中观金融市场组织及宏观金融变迁的角度对邮政储蓄在民国时期的发展演变展开论述,主要厘清邮政储蓄与近代金融业的关系。     

Building assets from birth: a global comparison of Child Development Account policies

Asset building is a growing theme in public policy, and building assets from birth in the form of Child Development Accounts is now occurring in several countries. This article provides an overview of the Child Development Account policies in Singapore, Canada, the UK and Korea, and the proposed policy in the USA. The key elements of inclusiveness, progressivity, coherence and integration, and development are explicated and discussed.