浅谈PBL学习模式在职校应用文写作教学中的应用

本文指出PBL学习模式的应用,有助于提高职校应用文写作教学质量。     

提高学生英语听力浅议

本文就如何提高农村初中学生英语听力能力的相关问题加以论述。     

浅谈历史教学情境的创设

本文对历史教学中创设情境的相关问题加以论述。     

浅谈中学美术教学改革

本文对中学美术教学改革加以论述。     

中学作文教学探微

本文就作文教学的相关问题加以论述。     

学校教育中传承民族文化存在的问题及对策——以北川羌族自治县的学校教育为例

The Qiang are one of the most ancient ethnic groups in China, and their rich cul-ture is an important part of Chinese culture. Bei-chuan Qiang Autonomous County, in Sichuan province, is a unique Qiang Autonomous County in China, which has an exceptional foundation for transmitting Qiang ethnic culture through school education. However, the county’s transmission of Qiang ethnic culture through school education still faces some problems, such as lack of educational investment, poor teacher resources, lack of ethnic cultural inheritors, and students’ lack of ethnic self-confidence. In view of series dilemmas faced by Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County in trans-mitting Qiang ethnic culture through school educa-tion, this article proposes the following suggestions based on our investigations:1 . Increase the investment in school educa-tion In view of the lack of educational investment, we suggest the following measure be adopted: 1 ) increase educational investment from various levels of the government, especially increasing special in-vestment in transmitting Qiang ethnic culture through school education;2 ) raise funds from the public;3 ) have the schools engage in their own fundraising, and 5 ) make efforts to get foreign aid. 2 . Strengthen the investment in improving teacher resources In view of the problem of poor teacher re-sources, we suggest the following measures: 1 ) strengthen policy support from the national level, and solve the problem of poor teacher resources through training teachers in universities for nation-alities. 2 ) invite Qiang cultural inheritors to be teachers; 3 ) strengthen the technical training of the school teachers, and improve the teachers’ skills;4) add more teacher positions, and improve the treatment of teachers;5 ) encourage teachers to devote their life to the education and inheritance of Qiang culture. 3 . To promote the motivation for studying eth-nic culture In view of the students’ lack of motivation for studying ethnic culture, and the lack of people who go on to inherit the ethnic cultural heritage, we suggest the following: 1 ) Beichuan Autonomous County should help the young Qiang people to be locally employed through developing ethnic econo-mies, and to inherit ethnic culture via developing tourism with ethnic characteristics. 2) Family edu-cation should be closely connected with school edu-cation;3 ) to include an exam on Qiang ethic cul-ture in school entrance examinations in order to re-flect the importance of ethnic culture study;4 ) to add some ethnic culture courses in schools for na-tionalities. 4 . To strengthen the ethnic pride and confi-dence of Qiang students In view of the issue of Qiang students’ lack of ethnic confidence and pride, we suggest the follow-ing:1 ) open Qiang language courses in schools in Qiang areas; 2 ) enlarge the usage range of the Qiang language; 3 ) help students to understand the charm of Qiang culture, and let them feel eth-nic pride. 5 . To standardize and promote a common Qiang language In view of the issue that Qiang have no written language, their spoken language is too complicat-ed, and there are too many dialects, we suggest that the National Languages and Scripts Work Committee should work with Qiang scholars and ex-perts to create a basic dialect of the Qiang-a com-mon Qiang language, which should be promoted in school education, just like mandarin Chinese in school education.     

心性之学与意义世界

陈来认为,宋明理学之所以成为理学,全在于它形成了一套相对稳定的话语体系。深入细致地研究这一话语体系的形成过程,有利于总结和提炼中国学术思想话语体系的构型特性。杨国荣认为,对心性和体性的关注,构成了理学的重要特点。心性之学分别从人自身的存在和人与对象关系的维度展开了对意义的追寻。向世陵认为,宋代理学所创造的"成性"说奠定了理学的本体范畴,是儒学复兴的最重要理论标志;宋代理学本体论的创立使儒学在理论上真正获得了新生。孔令宏认为,宋明理学对道家、道教的吸收,丰富了儒学的体用合一论和功夫境界论,提升了儒学的哲理思辨水平,充实了儒家的思想体系,促进了儒学的新发展。     

The politics of midwifery education and training in New South Wales during the last decades of the 19th Century

This paper focuses on the introduction and development of midwifery education and training in Sydney during the last decades of the 19th century. The aim of the training, it is argued, was to displace the lay midwives by trained midwifery nurses who would work under medical control. The lay midwives were one of the largest occupational groups among women and two-thirds of births in NSW were being delivered by them in the late 19th century. It was a period of professionalisation of medicine and medical men laid claim to midwifery as a legitimate sphere of their practice and saw it as the gateway for establishing a family practice. The lay midwife stood in the way of their claim. The training programs were established purportedly to control maternal mortality. From the beginning in 1887 medical men were in control of midwifery nurse training. In addition to training at the Benevolent Society Asylum, three more women's hospitals were established in the 1890s in Sydney making it possible to train a stream of midwifery nurses. The midwifery nurses were charged exorbitant fees for their training; the fees contributed substantially towards running the new hospitals that delivered birth services to the poor and destitute women mostly in their homes. The midwifery nurses worked hard in miserable conditions under the guise of clinical experience required for training. When a critical mass of poorly trained midwifery nurses were in the offing, a Bill was introduced into the Parliament in 1895, restricting registration to midwifery nurses and this would have eliminated the lay midwife if passed. It took more than two decades to get a Registration Bill passed in the NSW Parliament.     

《吕氏春秋》之于名家评析

《吕氏春秋》是一部综合诸子百家学说而成的著作,在中国文化发展史上具有重要地位和作用。名家学说在《吕氏春秋》中占有一定的地位。《吕氏春秋》之于名家的意义体现在两方面：一是保存了先秦名家的部分相关资料;二是可以启发学术界对中国思辩哲学相对落后之原因等深层问题的思考。     

山崎闇斋的神儒合一思想与儒学的本土化

山崎闇斋是日本江户时代前期的儒学家,垂加神道的创始人。他把朱子学的基本理论与日本的神道教相结合,主张儒学之正统也就是神道之真传,从而把儒家的忠孝仁义思想注入神道教义,强调神儒合一,忠君爱国,尊王贱霸。儒学与神道的结合过程也就是儒家文化的日本本土化过程,在这一过程中产生了新的文化生长点。